996 resultados para 1804


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1. Introducción. 2. Una solución coyuntural: El Tratado Preliminar de San Idelfonso (1777). 3. La Comisión del Marañon (1778-1804). 4. Mainas, el sueño de una Mesopotamia interior.

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Crab fecundity is widely known to vary proportionally to female size, but the female's nutritional state also has an important effect on egg production. This study evaluates intraspecific variability of reproductive output by monthly sampling Uca vocator populations from the Itapanhau, Indaia, and Itamambuca mangroves on the southeastern coast of Brazil. The presence of ovigerous crabs, their carapace width (CW) and their number of eggs were recorded. Additionally, the productivity of the mangroves and the content of organic matter of the sediments were analysed in order to estimate food availability in each locality. Size-specific fecundity relationships were obtained for each population and compared among the three populations. Ovigerous females from Itamambuca are the largest and their fecundities are also the highest among the populations studied. These results probably are associated with the favourable environmental conditions in Itamambuca, as this is a young mangrove with a high productivity level.

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The population structure of U. vocator was investigated during a one-year period in three mangrove forests in southeast Brazil. The study specifically addressed comparisons on individual size juvenile recruitment and sex-ratio. The structure of the mangrove forests, i.e. density, basal area, and diameter, and the physical properties of sediments. i.e. texture and organic matter contents, were also examined. A catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) technique was used to sample the crab populations using 15-min sampling periods by two people. Males always outnumbered females, probably due to ecological and behavioural attributes of these crabs. The median size of fiddler crabs differed among the sampled populations. The mangroves at Indaiá and Itamambuca showed higher productivity than those at Itapanhaú, where oil spills impacting the shore were reported. Marked differences were found regarding individual size, either their size at the onset of sexual maturity or their asymptotic size, suggesting that food availability may be favouring growth in the studied populations.

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A tese compreende 3 capítulos. No primeiro capítulo apresento os resultados sobre a associação entre similaridade morfológica entre as espécies e suas relações filogenéticas, para 35 espécies que se distribuem nas áreas continentais e 59 no Caribe. Determino quais espécies continentais agrupam com as classes de ecomorfos propostos para as espécies caribenhas, investigo os casos de similaridade morfológica entre as espécies continentais, e verifico se existem agrupamentos entre as espécies morfologicamente similares. No capítulo dois, analiso evolutivamente a relação entre morfologia e ecologia para 19 espécies continentais de Anolis. No capítulo três, um estudo de caso, caracterizo as estruturas do habitat e outros atributos ecológicos de três espécies que ocorrem na Amazônia brasileira e busco associar as diferenças morfológicas entre elas com as diferenças de habitat, à luz dos resultados encontrados nos capítulos anteriores e em outros estudos ecomorfológicos.

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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[Jules Ayer]