Stable carbon isotope ratios of Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi of MIS 2 time slices

The interval of time represented by marine isotope stages 11 and 12 (~360-470 ka) contains what may be the most extreme glacial and interglacial climate conditions of the Late Pleistocene. It has been suggested that sea level rose by ~160 m at the termination of glacial stage 12. This is 30% greater than the sea level rise that followed the most recent glacial maximum. There have been few detailed studies of the unique conditions that existed during the stage 11-12 time period because of the lack of high-quality core material. This problem has been addressed by the collection of high deposition rate cores from sediment drifts in the western North Atlantic during Ocean Drilling Project Leg 172. Benthic foraminiferal d13C data from cores collected between ~4600 and 1800 m were used to reconstruct bathymetric gradients in deep and intermediate water properties for selected time slices during this glacial-interglacial cycle. During glacial stage 12, the deep western North Atlantic was filled by a water mass that was more nutrient-enriched than modern Antarctic Bottom Water. Above 2000 m, a more nutrient-depleted water mass existed during this glacial stage. Such an intermediate water mass has been described for more recent glacial periods and presumably forms in a more proximate region of the North Atlantic. Interglacial stage 11 water mass properties closely resemble those of the present-day western North Atlantic. A nutrient-depleted water mass (d13C of 0.75-1.0 per mil), similar to modern North Atlantic Deep Water existed between 3500 and 2000 m. This was underlain by a water mass with lower d13C values (<0.75 per mil) that probably was derived from a southern source. Using Leg 172 data, along with previously published results from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, we estimate a mean global d13C change of 0.95 per mil from stage 12 to stage 11. This is twice the whole ocean ?13C change reported for the transition from the last glacial maximum to the Holocene.

Geochemistry of Fe-Mn oxyhydroxide samples of ODP Hole 172-1060A

The strength of the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during climatically highly variable Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 has attracted much attention in recent years. Here we present high-resolution Nd isotope compositions of past seawater derived from authigenic Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides recovered from drift sediments on the Blake Ridge in the deep western North Atlantic (ODP Leg 172, Site 1060, 3481 m water depth). The data cover the period from 45 to 35 ka BP, tracing circulation changes during major Heinrich iceberg discharge event 4 (H4, ~40-39 ka BP). The Nd isotope record suggests that there was no northern-source water (NSW) mass like modern NADW at the deeper part of Blake Ridge at any time between 45 and 35 ka. This is fundamentally different from the hydrographic situation during the Holocene where NADW extends below 4500 m at this location. The epsilon-Nd of past deep water recorded in the Blake Ridge sediments was least radiogenic during Dansgaard/Oeschger (D/O) Interstadial (IS) 8 (epsilon-Nd = -11.3) and most radiogenic immediately preceding IS 9 (epsilon-Nd = -9.8). More radiogenic compositions were also recorded during H4 (-10.2 <= epsilon-Nd <= -9.9). The Nd isotope variability in MIS 3 matches that of a physical bottom current strength reconstruction from the same location. Neither record follows the pattern of Northern Hemisphere D/O climatic cycles. In our record, reduced mixing with northern source waters started in stadial 12 and lasted until after H4 in stadial 9, followed by a rapid increase in NSW contribution thereafter. This major change in the Nd isotope record predates the iceberg discharge event Heinrich 4 by more than 3 ka indicating a shallowing of the water mass boundary between Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water and Southern Source Water beneath. This early change in bottom water properties at the deep Blake Ridge suggests that North Atlantic deep water advection may already have decreased several thousand years before the actual iceberg discharge event and associated freshening of the surface waters in the North Atlantic. The change can thus not be attributed to climatic events in the North Atlantic but may be related to changes in flux of deep water from the South.

SRL 172 (killed Mycobacterium vaccae) in addition to standard chemotherapy improves quality of life without affecting survival, in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer : phase III results

Background: This open-label, randomised phase III study was designed to further investigate the clinical activity and safety of SRL172 (killed Mycobacterium vaccae suspension) with chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and methods: Patients were randomised to receive platinum-based chemotherapy, consisting of up to six cycles of MVP (mitomycin, vinblastine and cisplatin or carboplatin) with (210 patients) or without (209 patients) monthly SRL172. Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in overall survival (primary efficacy end point) over the course of the study (median overall survival of 223 days versus 225 days; P = 0.65). However, a higher proportion of patients were alive at the end of the 15-week treatment phase in the chemotherapy plus SRL172 group (90%), than in the chemotherapy alone group (83%) (P = 0.061). At the end of the treatment phase, the response rate was 37% in the combined group and 33% in the chemotherapy alone group. Patients in the chemotherapy alone group had greater deterioration in their Global Health Status score (-14.3) than patients in the chemotherapy plus SRL172 group (-6.6) (P = 0.02). Conclusion: In this non-placebo controlled trial, SRL172 when added to standard cancer chemotherapy significantly improved patient quality of life without affecting overall survival times. © 2004 European Society for Medical Oncology.

Water activity of poultry litter: Relationship to moisture content during a grow-out

Poultry grown on litter floors are in contact with their own waste products. The waste material needs to be carefully managed to reduce food safety risks and to provide conditions that are comfortable and safe for the birds. Water activity (Aw) is an important thermodynamic property that has been shown to be more closely related to microbial, chemical and physical properties of natural products than moisture content. In poultry litter, Aw is relevant for understanding microbial activity; litter handling and rheological properties; and relationships between in-shed relative humidity and litter moisture content. We measured the Aw of poultry litter collected throughout a meat chicken grow-out (from fresh pine shavings bedding material to day 52) and over a range of litter moisture content (10–60%). The Aw increased non-linearly from 0.71 to 1.0, and reached a value of 0.95 when litter moisture content was only 22–33%. Accumulation of manure during the grow-out reduced Aw for the same moisture content. These results are relevant for making decisions regarding litter re-use in multiple grow-outs as well as setting targets for litter moisture content to minimise odour, microbial risks and to ensure necessary litter physical conditions are maintained during a grow-out. Methods to predict Aw in poultry litter from moisture content are proposed.

Sapientia, 1989, Vol. XLIV, nº 172 (número completo)

Contenido: Naturaleza del conocimiento humano : el significado de la abstracción en Santo Tomás (II) / Octavio Nicolás Derisi – Nacimiento, vida y transfiguración del filósofo griego / Cesáreo López Salgado – La transformación ockhamista de la teoría de la suposición / Ignacio Miralbell – La noción de lugar en Guillermo de Ockham / Olga L. Larre ; J. E. Bolzán – Notas y comentarios -- Bibliografía

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 172 A]

O chamado Grupo dos Trinta e Dois Constituintes revisou o projeto de Constituição, do Relator Bernardo Cabral (PMDB-AM), e reduziu o texto para duzentos e cinquenta artigos. O Deputado Israel Pinheiro (PMDB-MG) declara que o texto constitucional ficou mais organizado, mais articulado, após a revisão. Não houve preocupação em tocar nos pontos polêmicos do projeto, mas apenas de enxugar o texto original, deixando para a lei ordinária o que não é constitucional. O Senador Virgílio Távora (PDS-CE) considera que foi uma tentativa válida de auxílio. O Deputado Ulysses Guimarães (PMDB-SP), a quem foi entregue a nova versão, considerou que é uma contribuição importante, assim como outras tantas que chegarão. Balanço da primeira semana de entrega das emendas populares a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC). Representantes de empregados em empresas de telecomunicações de todo o país entregam emenda na qual pedem a manutenção do monopólio estatal nos serviços de telecomunicação e a criação do Conselho Nacional de Comunicação, que garanta a cada brasileiro o direito à informação livre e sem censura. Representantes das cooperativas entregam emenda na qual pedem a auto-gestão dos seus negócios, o ensino do cooperativismo e a isenção de impostos. Roberto Rodrigues, representante das cooperados, diz que quando a cooperativa vende algum insumo para o cooperado, cobrando dele um diferencial referente ao custo operacional da cooperativa, não pode haver incidência de imposto. O Deputado Ivo Vanderlinde (PMDB-SC) considera positivo o fortalecimento do cooperativismo. O Deputado Bernardo Cabral (PMDB-AM) mostra entusiasmo ao receber as emendas populares. Fernando Gabeira, jornalista e escritor, convoca o povo a participar.

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 172]

Parlamentares de todos os partidos procuram o consenso em torno do projeto de Constituição. O Deputado Israel Pinheiro Filho (PMDB-MG) esclarece que a preocupação é encontrar um texto constitucional que seja mais reduzido, mais enxuto, mas que represente a vontade da sociedade brasileira. Pacifistas denunciam a fabricação indiscriminada de armas nucleares, quarenta e dois anos após a Bomba de Hiroshima. O atual projeto de Constituição admite o uso da energia nuclear somente para fins pacíficos. O Deputado Fabio Feldmann (PMDB-SP) esclarece que muitas pessoas defendem a bomba atômica como um instrumento da paz, o que é um claro absurdo. Ele apoia a emenda popular proposta pela Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência (SBPC) que proíbe a bomba atômica brasileira. Sessão Extraordinária da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC) debateu a Reforma Agrária. O Deputado Roberto Jefferson (PTB-RJ) criticou a esquerda e considera que a distinção entre terras improdutivas e terras inexploradas deve ser feita pela justiça, pois a violência inviabilizará a Reforma Agrária. O Deputado Aldo Arantes (PC do B-GO) afirma que o atual projeto é a expressão da vontade dos latifundiários e propõe limite ao tamanho das propriedades rurais.

双奇核~(172)Re高自旋态实验研究

利用149Sm(27Al,4nγ)172Re反应布居了形变双奇核172Re的高自旋态,用12套带有BGO反康普顿抑制的高纯锗探测器阵列进行了在束γ实验测量,首次建立了172Re由3个转动带构成的高自旋态能级纲图.研究和讨论了3个转动带的结构特征,基于已有的高自旋态核结构知识并通过系统学比较和分析指出它们的准粒子组态分别为πh11/2 νi13/2,πh9/2 νi13/2和 π1/2-[541] ν1/2-[521].发现前两个转动带在自旋小于18时其转动能级呈现反常的旋称劈裂.

双奇核~(172)Re高自旋态转动带结构实验研究

利用重离子熔合蒸发反应 14 9Sm (2 7Al,4nγ) 172 Re布居了形变双奇核 172 Re的高自旋态 ,用 12套带有BGO反康普顿抑制的高纯锗探测器阵列进行了在束γ实验测量 ,首次建立了形变双奇核172 Re由 3个转动带构成的高自旋态能级纲图 .研究和讨论了 3个转动带的结构特征 ,基于已有的高自旋态核结构知识并通过系统学比较和分析指出它们的准粒子组态分别为πh11 2 νi13 2 ,πh9 2 νi13 2 和π1 2 -[5 41] ν1 2 -[5 2 1].发现前两个转动带在自旋小于 18.5时其转动能级呈现反常的旋称劈裂 .