Guerras y diplomacia en Italia durante el gobierno de Fernando el Católico (1500-1516)

Fueron las actuaciones que van de 1500 a 1516 las que hicieron destacar a la diplomacia y el ejército de la Monarquía Hispánica que en estos 16 años consiguieron la total incorporación de Nápoles a la Corona y una muy buena red diplomática y militar en Italia tan efectiva que logran derrotar dos veces a Luis XII de Francia. Baste con leer las palabras que Maquiavelo dedicó a Fernando el Católico en Il Principe en el capítulo XII dedicado a los príncipes que han sabido hacerse estimados. A Maquiavelo no se le ocurre un mejor ejemplo de una mezcla entre príncipe hereditario y príncipe nuevo, dado que hereda el reino de Aragón, pero él se convirtió en rey de España y por su gloria el primer rey de la Cristiandad. Bajo la lupa del embajador florentino, Fernando siempre ha hecho hazañas raras como la conquista de Granada, las guerras de África e Italia o ataques a Francia, y además Fernando el Católico las ha ido encdenando una tras otra de manera que ha conseguido poner los esfuerzos de sus súbditos en estas hazañas, sin dejarles tiempo para la conspiración.Además, la red diplomática y militar de Fernando, en manos de Carlos V y Felipe II, conseguirá, no el equilibrio italiano con el que Fernando soñaba, sino una verdadera hegemonía de la Monarquía Hispánica en la Península Italiana. La Biblioteca Histórica de Marques de Valdecilla es el lugar idóneo en el que desarrollar la exposición dado el fondo bibliográfico que tiene. Uno de los puntos fuertes son las distintas obras que tiene del propio fundador de la Universidad Complutense, el Cardenal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, coetáneo a los hechos que queremos exponer. De hecho, es impresionante el ingente número de biografías del propio Cisneros que guarda la biblioteca. Además, fruto del apoyo de la monarquía y de la importancia misma de la Universidad Complutense, tenemos un alto número de historias de varios lugares y personajes. Además, los fondos provenientes del Colegio de los Jesuitas combinan bien con los fondos propios, con lo que se enriquece el resultado final de 60 obras estudiadas.Además, se demuestra el carácter internacional de los fondos, dado que se pueden encontrar obras en francés, italiano y catalán que ayudan a comprender la circulación de textos en diferentes idiomas desde el siglo XVI.

Management of the Tongass National Forest [microform] : hearings before the Subcommittee on Forests, Family Farms, and Energy of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, on H.R. 1516, May 25 and 26, 1988.

"Serial no. 100-86."

Studii di bibliografia analitica. Francesco da Bologna incisore di caratteri mobili metallici da stampa nell' ultimo decennio del secolo XV e nel primo ventennio del XVI, e stampatore in Bologna negli anni 1516 e 1517, non potè essere Francesco Raibolini detto Il Francia.

Reissued 1882 with "Studio secondo" and "Studio terzo" as "Studii di bibliografia analitica. Tomo primo."

Noticia del viage de España hecho de orden del rey : y de una nueva historia general de la nacion desde el tiempo mas remoto hasta el año de 1516 : sacada unicamente de los escritores y monumentos originales, y contemporaneos : con la coleccion universal de estos mismos escritores, y monumentos recogidos en este viage /

Errata: p. [133].

Der landtäg im herzogthum Baiern von den jahren 1515 und 1516. Als fortsetzung der Landtags-verhandlungen vom jahre 1514.

Mode of access: Internet.

Utopia : Originally printed in Latin, 1516 /

"Circumstances connected with the earlier issues of Utopia": p. [6]-7; Bibliography: p. [8]

Calendars of wills & administrations in the Consistory court of the bishop of Lichfield and Conventry, 1516 to 1652. Also those in the "Peculiars" now deposited in the probate registries at Lichfield, Birmingham and Derby, 1529-1652: 1675-1790: 1753-1790.

Series title also at head of t.-p.

Risk factors for moderate and severe microbial keratitis in daily wear contact lens users

Objective: To establish risk factors for moderate and severe microbial keratitis among daily contact lens (CL) wearers in Australia. Design: A prospective, 12-month, population-based, case-control study. Participants: New cases of moderate and severe microbial keratitis in daily wear CL users presenting in Australia over a 12-month period were identified through surveillance of all ophthalmic practitioners. Case detection was augmented by record audits at major ophthalmic centers. Controls were users of daily wear CLs in the community identified using a national telephone survey. Testing: Cases and controls were interviewed by telephone to determine subject demographics and CL wear history. Multiple binary logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors and univariate population attributable risk percentage (PAR%) was estimated for each risk factor.; Main Outcome Measures: Independent risk factors, relative risk (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]), and PAR%. Results: There were 90 eligible moderate and severe cases related to daily wear of CLs reported during the study period. We identified 1090 community controls using daily wear CLs. Independent risk factors for moderate and severe keratitis while adjusting for age, gender, and lens material type included poor storage case hygiene 6.4× (95% CI, 1.9-21.8; PAR, 49%), infrequent storage case replacement 5.4× (95% CI, 1.5-18.9; PAR, 27%), solution type 7.2× (95% CI, 2.3-22.5; PAR, 35%), occasional overnight lens use (<1 night per week) 6.5× (95% CI, 1.3-31.7; PAR, 23%), high socioeconomic status 4.1× (95% CI, 1.2-14.4; PAR, 31%), and smoking 3.7× (95% CI, 1.1-12.8; PAR, 31%). Conclusions: Moderate and severe microbial keratitis associated with daily use of CLs was independently associated with factors likely to cause contamination of CL storage cases (frequency of storage case replacement, hygiene, and solution type). Other factors included occasional overnight use of CLs, smoking, and socioeconomic class. Disease load may be considerably reduced by attention to modifiable risk factors related to CL storage case practice.

REDD+ and mangroves : a study on Sundarbans

Sundarbans, a Ramsar and World Heritage site, is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world covering parts of Bangladesh and India. Natural mangroves were very common along the entire coast of Bangladesh. However, all other natural mangrove forests, including the Chakaria Sundarbans with 21,000 hectares of mangrove, have been cleared for shrimp cultivation. Against this backdrop, the Forest Department of Bangladesh has developed project design documents for a project called ‘Collaborative REDD+ Improved Forest Management (IFM) Sundarbans Project’ (CRISP) to save the only remaining natural mangrove forest of the country. This project, involving conservation of 412,000 ha of natural mangrove forests, is expected to generate, over a 30-year period, a total emissions reduction of about 6.4 million tons of CO2. However, the successful implementation of this project involves a number of critical legal and institutional issues. It may involve complex legal issues such as forest ownership, forest use rights, rights of local people and carbon rights. It may also involve institutional reforms. Ensuring good governance of the proposed project is very vital considering the failure of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) funded and Bangladesh Forest Department managed ‘Sundarbans Biodiversity Conservation Project’. Considering this previous experience, this paper suggests that a comprehensive legal and institutional review and reform is needed for the successful implementation of the proposed CRISP project. This paper argues that without ensuring local people’s rights and their participation, no project can be successful in the Sundarbans. Moreover, corruption of local and international officials may be a serious hurdle in the successful implementation of the project.

Effects of short-duration and long-duration exercise on lipoprotein(a)

Purpose Most studies that use either a single exercise session, exercise training, or a cross-sectional design have failed to find a relationship between exercise and plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations. However, a few studies investigating the effects of longer and/or more strenuous exercise have shown elevated Lp(a) concentrations, possibly as an acute-phase reactant to muscle damage. Based on the assumption that greater muscle damage would occur with exercise of longer duration, the purpose of the present study was to determine whether exercise of longer duration would increase Lp(a) concentration and creatine kinase. (CK) activity more than exercise of shorter duration. Methods Ten endurance-trained men (mean +/- SD: age, 27 +/- 6 yr; maximal oxygen consumption [(V)over dotO(2max)], 57 +/- 7 mL(.)kg(-1) min(-1)) completed two separate exercise sessions at 70% (V)over dotO(2max). One session required 900 kcal of energy expenditure (60 +/- 6 min), and the other required 1500 kcal (112 +/- 12 min). Fasted blood samples were taken immediately before (0-pre), immediately after (0-post), 1 d after (1-post), and 2 d after (2-post) each exercise session. Results CK activity increased after both exercise sessions (mean +/- SE; 800 kcal: 0-pre 55 +/- 11, 1-post 168 +/- 64 U(.)L(-1.)min(-1); 1500 kcal: 0-pre 51 +/- 5, 1-post 187 +/- 30, 2-post 123 +/- 19 U(.)L(-1.)min(-1); P < 0.05). However, median Lp(a) concentrations were not altered by either exercise session (800 kcal: 0-pre 5.0 mg(.)dL(-1), 0-post 3.2 mg(.)dL(-1), 1-post 4.0 mg(.)dL(-1), 2-post 3.4 mg(.)dL(-1); 1500 kcal: 0-pre 5.8 mg(.)dL(-1), 0-post 4.3 mg(.)dL(-1), 1-post 3.2 mg(.)dL(-1), 2-post 5.3 mg(.)dL(-1)). In addition, no relationship existed between exercise-induced changes in CK activity and Lp(a) concentration (800 kcal: r = -0.26; 1500 kcal: r = -0.02). Conclusion These results suggest that plasma Lp(a) concentration will not increase in response to minor exercise-induced muscle damage in endurance-trained runners.

Design of a renewable - hybrid energy storage power scheme for short-term power dispatch

A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of battery and supercapacitor (SC) is proposed for use in a wind farm in order to achieve power dispatchability. In the designed scheme, the rate of charging/discharging powers of the battery is controlled while the faster wind power transients are diverted to the SC. This enhances the lifetime of the battery. Furthermore, by taking into consideration the random nature of the wind power, a statistical design method is developed to determine the capacities of the HESS needed to achieve specified confidence level in the power dispatch. The proposed approach is useful in the planning of the wind farm-HESS scheme and the coordination of the power flows between the battery and SC.