Adaptação transcultural do Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13): contribuindo para a identificação de idosos vulneráveis

Para a utilização do VES-13 instrumento que identifica idosos vulneráveis foi realizada sua adaptação transcultural, processo que visa à equivalência entre o instrumento original e sua versão em outra cultura. A avaliação da equivalência semântica, idiomática cultural e conceitual obteve uma média geral de concordância de 78%, 78%, 97% e 94%, respectivamente. Para verificar a concordância no teste-reteste, utilizou-se o coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, onde a maioria das variáveis foram significantes. A análise de sua consistência interna foi verificada pelo uso do coeficiente alpha de Cronbach, onde 70% do fenômeno em estudo estão representados no instrumento. O VES-13, traduzido e adaptado, mostrou-se um instrumento confiável no que diz respeito à estabilidade e consistência interna de suas medidas. Sua estrutura simples e de fácil aplicabilidade pode, portanto, favorecer a identificação das pessoas idosas vulneráveis, contribuindo, assim, para a priorização do acompanhamento pelos serviços de saúde.

Composition and stable isotope record of bulk sediment and belemnite rostra from ODP Hole 122-761C

A sedimentary sequence documenting the early history of the proto-Indian Ocean was drilled at Site 761 on the Wombat Plateau, northwest Australia. Directly above the post-rift unconformity, two lithologic units were recovered which reflect deposition in incipient oceanic environments. The lower unit, composed of sandstone, contains abundant belemnites and a few lenses composed of low-diversity coccolith assemblages. The second unit, composed of chalk, contains abundant calcispheres, thoracospheres, low-diversity coccolith assemblages, and a few radiolarians. Belemnites and organisms that produced calcispheres and thoracospheres are thought to be opportunistic. Their abundance, and the absence of a normal marine fauna and flora, reflects an unstable early ocean environment. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopic data for the two units fall into almost separate fields. Heavy delta18O values for the belemnites indicate that they have not been affected by recrystallization. Instead, these isotopic values are thought to indicate either the deep, cool habitat of the belemnites or strong vital effects. A bulk chalk delta18O value from the belemnite sand is 3 to 4 parts per mil lighter than the belemnite delta18O values, possibly because it is largely composed of coccoliths which inhabited warmer surface waters. Light delta13C values for bulk calcisphere-bearing nannofossil chalk samples are thought to be a direct result of upwelling or of vital effects. Heavy delta18O values for the chalk unit are interpreted as resulting from upwelling of cool waters. Assemblage and isotopic data are consistent with this incipient ocean basin being highly productive, either as a result of upwelling or runoff of nutrient-rich waters from nearby land areas. However, it is not possible to rule out the control of vital effects on the isotopic signature of any of the fossil groups.