Estudio de estereotipos de sentimientos desde una perspectiva actual de la lingüística cognitiva sociocultural

El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo investigar la relación existente entre el lenguaje, las emociones y la forma en la que actuamos, a través de un análisis de algunos estereotipos de sentimientos, desde una perspectiva actual de la lingüística cognitiva sociocultural. Partimos de la consideración de que la conceptualización que hacemos de nosotros mismos está afectada por estereotipos culturales que se codifican a través del lenguaje y que implican emociones y formas de actuar específicas. Los conceptos 여자친구 [yuja cheengu] y 아버님 [ahbuhneem], girlfriend y father o novia y padre, en coreano, inglés y español respectivamente, "se sienten" y "actúan" estereotípicamente de modo diferente en cada lengua y en cada una de sus variantes lingüísticas correspondientes. Nuestra suposición es que los estereotipos de sentimientos, los cuales incluyen acciones específicas, están cargados de una tradición cultural que incluye creencias, costumbres, valores, normas y perspectivas compartidas por una comunidad de hablantes, y tienen la característica de ser estables pero modelables y permanecer en un proceso lento pero continuo de transformación. Estos estereotipos quedan reflejados en la lengua, la cual revela los diferentes mecanismos de conceptualización utilizados...

La educomunicación en la democratización sociocultural: los documentales

Abordamos esta discusión en un primer apartado, valorando desde la perspectiva de democratización de la comunicación la propuesta llamada «educomunicación»; después analizamos la posibilidad que para innovar el conocimiento en ciencias sociales tiene el documental social, específicamente latinoamericano; la coyuntura de crisis de la educación universitaria española y la necesidad de dinamizar las CCSS, para acabar con discusión en torno a la potencialidad del documental social y político para reflexionar sobre la globalización. Presentando, para concluir, una propuesta para trabajar estos aspectos con la Red Eurolatinoamerica de Sensibilización social y Comunicación Ciudadana.

A recuperação do cine-teatro Gardunha do Fundão : projecto de reintegração funcional e sociocultural

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitetura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitetura.

Fortalecimiento comunitario y animación sociocultural en establecimiento carcelario de Bogotá D.C.

352 p.

Comportamiento y contexto sociocultural comunitario que influye sobre el ambiente y los recursos naturales en el Departamento de Jalapa, Guatemala

Introducción La comunidad de Ladinos Pardos (CLP)se encuentra a unos 12 km al suroeste de la cabecera municipal y departamental de Jalapa, en la Región sur-oriental de Guatemala, definida en la Ley de Regionalización  como Región IV, que abarca los departamentos de Jalapa, Jutiapa y Santa Rosa (Decreto Legislativo de Guatemala No. 70-86). Ocupa un terreno montañoso en una parte y semiplano en otra, entre los municipios de Jalapa…

Sociocultural Complexities of Ecosystem Restoration: Remaking Identity, Landscape and Belonging in the Florida Everglades

The Florida Everglades is a highly diverse socionatural landscape that historically spanned much of the south Florida peninsula. Today, the Florida Everglades is an iconic but highly contested conservation landscape. It is the site of one of the world’s largest publicly funded ecological restoration programs, estimated to cost over $8 billion (U.S. GAO 2007), and it is home to over two million acres of federally protected lands, including the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park. However, local people’s values, practices and histories overlap and often conflict with the global and eco-centric values linked to Everglades environmental conservation efforts, sparking environmental conflict. My dissertation research examined the cultural politics of nature associated with two Everglades conservation and ecological restoration projects: 1) the creation and stewardship of the Big Cypress National Preserve, and 2) the Tamiami Trail project at the northern boundary of Everglades National Park. Using multiple research methods including ethnographic fieldwork, archival research, participant observation, surveys and semi-structured interviews, I documented how these two projects have shaped environmental claims-making strategies to Everglades nature on the part of environmental NGOs, the National Park Service and local white outdoorsmen. In particular, I examined the emergence of an oppositional white identity called the Gladesmen Culture. My findings include the following: 1) just as different forms of nature are historically produced, contingent and power-laden, so too are different claims to Everglades nature; 2) identity politics are an integral dimension of Everglades environmental conflicts; and 3) the Big Cypress region’s history and contemporary conflicts are shaped by the broader political economy of development in south Florida. My dissertation concluded that identity politics, class and property relations have played a key, although not always obvious, role in shaping Everglades history and environmental claims-making, and that they continue to influence contemporary Everglades environmental conflicts.

Animação sociocultural em lares de idosos do concelho da Guarda

Dissertação Trabalho de Projeto apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gerontologia Social.

A incorporação sociocultural como Fator Intensificador da Experiência Turística – o caso do Mercado Medieval de Óbidos

A Gestão da Experiência Turística Global dos Destinos tem vindo a assumir-­se nas Ciências do Turismo como uma base incontornável no âmbito da atratividade e consequentemente da própria Imagem Turística. O diagnóstico e compreensão dos mecanismos culturais, sociais, económicos e espaciais que influenciam o processo de intensificação da Experiência Turística é uma matéria em aberto, fazendo jus ao imenso campo de estudo que define a intangibilidade como elemento diferenciador da oferta turística de outros tipos de produtos. Mercê do seu percurso nos últimos anos, o Mercado Medieval de Óbidos (MMO) surgiu-­nos como um estudo de caso, suscetível de evidenciar num curto espaço temporal e numa área territorial totalmente definida, Fatores Intensificadores da Experiência Turística, cuja estratificação estará ainda numa fase embrionária. Com recurso a uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, o presente estudo evidenciou a Incorporação sociocultural por parte do Turista ou Visitante como uma ferramenta de apropriação e integração na realidade local, perspetivando-­a como Fator Intensificador da Experiência Turística no MMO.

A abstinência e o consumo de álcool entre escolares: a influência das esferas pessoal, familiar e sociocultural.

Introdução: Entre os jovens, o uso regular ou abusivo do álcool parece aliar-se a fatores individuais, em ambiente social. O consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, nas faixas etárias mais jovens, segundo o World Development Report, vai além dos 60%. Objetivos: Este estudo pretendeu conhecer as influências pessoais, dos familiares, do grupo de pertença e do meio escolar, sobre os hábitos de abstinência e de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas entre os jovens. Métodos: Investigação de carácter qualitativo, com recurso a entrevistas compreensivas semiestruturadas, desenvolvido numa escola do distrito de Évora, Portugal. A amostra é constituída por 10 alunos do 8º ano de escolaridade, cinco não consumidores e cinco consumidores. Principais resultados: A experimentação acontece entre os 12-14 anos de idade em consequência da curiosidade, motivação explícita ou tácita, para “dar estilo”, do ambiente, da diversão e da observação de comportamentos. Entre os efeitos da ingestão indicados como motivadores ao consumo destaca-se o atingir estados de alegria e boa disposição. Os familiares tendem a incentivar a ingestão moderada em ocasiões festivas. Os elementos do grupo de pertença tendem a motivar, de forma explícita, à ingestão, entre os alunos consumidores. Conclusão: A ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas entre os jovens sofre as influências pessoal, familiar e do grupo de pertença. As iniciativas desenvolvidas na escola tendem a não surtir efeito.

Derechos humanos y construcción de ciudadanía en la escuela. Una propuesta para construir democracia participando en la actividad sociocultural

ResumenEste trabajo pretende ser un instrumento de reflexión sobre el rol histórico de la autoridad en el aula. El supuesto es que los períodos autoritarios han dejado huellas en las cosmologías docentes y por ello el autoritarismo se resiste a partir. Esto último impide enfatizar en actitudes y acciones didácticas de tipo cooperativo; invisibilizando derechos fundamentales, principalmente aquellos referidos en la infancia y adolescencia. Se hace hincapié en la participación democrática de docentes y estudiantes, enfatizando en la exaltación de un tipo de socialización enmarcada en la participación democrática desde la escuela, que pueda aportar hábitos trasladables a otros ámbitos sociales, contribuyendo a formar actitudes deliberativas, necesarias para participar activamente. El marco utilizado es, en el caso de las teorías del aprendizaje y como soporte metodológico, el principio de Zona de Desarrollo Próximo (Vigotsky) y el supuesto de aprendizaje práctico/participativo (Rogoff), además de brindar algunas concepciones sobre filosofía política en educación (Gutman).Respecto al marco normativo, se presta atención al cuerpo jurídico internacional sobre derechos humanos poniendo énfasis en la esfera de la educación, las recientes leyes argentinas de educación (2006) y de protección de la infancia y la adolescencia (2006). Palabras clave: autoridad democrática, diálogo horizontal, ciudadanía activa, talleres pedagógicos. AbstractThis work aims to be an instrument of reflection on the historical role of authority in the classroom. The assumption is that authoritarian periods have left footprints in the cosmologies of teacher, hence authori­tarianisms resists to leave. This prevents the emphasis on didactic cooperative attitudes and actions, thus subduing fundamental rights, mainly those referred to infancy and adolescence. The teachers´ and students´ democratic participation is emphasized, remarking the exaltation of a kind of socialization framed by the democratic participation from the school, which can bring habits transferable to other social areas, facilitating the development of the deliberative attitudes needed to participate actively. The theoretical framework is, in the case of learning theories and as a methodological support, the principle of Near Area Development (Vigotsky) and as the second argument, we use the assumption of learning by doing/participatory (Rogoff). In the first case, a task that is done with help today will be autonomously tomorrow. For the latter, it means participatory activities in order to achieve habits that may relocate to other social environments. In the case of Guttmann, it is looking for framing issues of political theory of education, mainly those related to the new skills a twenty-first century citizenship must acquire. Regarding the regulatory framework, attention is paid to international norms on human rights with empha­sis on education, recent Argentinean education laws (2006) and new laws on childhood and adolescence protection (2006). Keywords: democratic authority, horizontal dialogue, active citizenship, pedagogical workshops.         

A systematic review of environmental correlates of obesity-related dietary behaviors in youth

There is increasing interest in the role the environment plays in shaping the dietary behavior of youth, particularly in the context of obesity prevention. An overview of environmental factors associated with obesity-related dietary behaviors among youth is needed to inform the development of interventions. A systematic review of observational studies on environmental correlates of energy, fat, fruit/ vegetable, snack/fast food and soft drink intakes in children (4–12 years) and adolescents (13–18 years) was conducted. The results were summarized using the analysis grid for environments linked to obesity. The 58 papers reviewed mostly focused on sociocultural and economical–environmental factors at the household level. The most consistent associations were found between parental intake and children’s fat, fruit/vegetable intakes, parent and sibling intake with adolescent’s energy and fat intakes and parental education with adolescent’s fruit/ vegetable intake. A less consistent but positive association was found for availability and accessibility on children’s fruit/vegetable intake. Environmental factors are predominantly studied at the household level and focus on sociocultural and economic aspects. Most consistent associations were found for parental influences (parental intake and education).More studies examining environmental factors using longitudinal study designs and validated measures are needed for solid evidence to inform interventions.

Australian Indigenous students: addressing equity issues in assessment

This article provides the background and context to the important issue of assessment and equity in relation to Indigenous students in Australia. Questions about the validity and fairness of assessment are raised and ways forward are suggested by attending to assessment questions in relation to equity and culture-fair assessment. Patterns of under-achievement by Indigenous students are reflected in national benchmark data and international testing programmes like the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Sstudy and the Program for International Student Assessment. The argument developed views equity, in relation to assessment, as more of a sociocultural issue than a technical matter. It highlights how teachers need to distinguish the "funds of knowledge" that Indigenous students draw on and how teachers need to adopt culturally responsive pedagogy to open up the curriculum and assessment practice to allow for different ways of knowing and being.

Discourse and assessment

Many contemporary currents in applied linguistics have favored discourse studies within assessment; there have been calls for cross-fertilization with other areas within applied linguistics, critiques of the positivist tradition within language testing research, and the growing impact of Conversation Analysis (CA) and sociocultural theory. This chapter focuses on the resulting increase in discourse-based studies of oral proficiency assessment techniques. These studies initially focused on the traditional oral proficiency interview but have since been extended to new test formats, including paired and group interaction. We discuss the research carried out on a number of factors in the assessment setting, including the role of the interlocutor, candidate, and rater, and the impact of tasks, task performance conditions, and rating criteria. Recent research has also concentrated more specifically on the assessment of pragmatic competence and on the applications of technology within the assessment of spoken language, including the comparability of semidirect and direct methods for such assessment and the use of computer corpora.

Developing authentic achievement for disengaged young people using an electronic portfolio system

Credentials are a salient form of cultural capital and if a student’s learning and productions are not assessed, they are invisible in current social systems of education and employment. In this field, invisible equals non-existent. This paper arises from the context of an alternative education institution where conventional educational assessment techniques currently fail to recognise the creativity and skills of a cohort of marginalised young people. In order to facilitate a new assessment model an electronic portfolio system (EPS) is being developed and trialled to capture evidence of students’ learning and their productions. In so doing a dynamic system of arranging, exhibiting, exploiting and disseminating assessment data in the form of coherent, meaningful and valuable reports will be maintained. The paper investigates the notion of assessing development of creative thinking and skills through the means of a computerised system that operates in an area described as the efield. A model of the efield is delineated and is explained as a zone existing within the internet where free users exploit the cloud and cultivate social and cultural capital. Drawing largely on sociocultural theory and Bourdieu’s concepts of field, habitus and capitals, the article positions the efield as a potentially productive instrument in assessment for learning practices. An important aspect of the dynamics of this instrument is the recognition of teachers as learners. This is seen as an integral factor in the sociocultural approach to assessment for learning practices that will be deployed with the EPS. What actually takes place is argued to be assessment for learning as a field of exchange. The model produced in this research is aimed at delivering visibility and recognition through an engaging instrument that will enhance the prospects of marginalised young people and shift the paradigm for assessment in a creative world.