932 resultados para eletrocardiografia convencional


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Trata-se de artigo decorrente de nossas práticas pedagógicas no ensino superior, particularmente no ensino de Direito Constitucional mediante a utilização de artigos de jornais. Essa idéia surgiu com a finalidade de despertar o aluno para a leitura de periódicos específicos da área, e de diminuir a distância no campo do conhecimento entre a eficácia jurídica e a eficácia social. Como é sabido, o ensino do Direito ainda contempla o padrão didático das aulas lidas, o recurso da subsunção e da simples repetição doutrinária, muitas vezes, lamentavelmente, alicerçadas em apostilas ou resumos que conduzem o aprendizado à mera reprodução de doutrina. Centralmente quanto ao ensino de Direito Constitucional, ao mesmo tempo em que pressupõe um íntimo relacionamento com os outros ramos do Direito, guarda enorme distância quando se trata da transmissão de seu conteúdo. O trabalho ora comunicado é resultante de um projeto desenvolvido mediante duas etapas: na primeira a busca é pela compreensão das normas e dos princípios existentes no corpo da Constituição e na posterior objetiva-se a tradução de tais normas e princípios no contexto social, com base nas discussões em artigos de jornal. Essas discussões são desenvolvidas, ainda que superficialmente, por meio da análise dos aspectos constitutivos da configuração textual dos artigos. O que se tem como resultados é a observação de que, mediante o recurso didático de artigos de jornais, o estabelecimento de uma discussão das normas e princípios constitucionais tem tornado a relação ensino-aprendizagem no curso de Direito mais interessante aos alunos e professor.

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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

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The progressive increase in consumption and production of poultry meat in later years comes forth with an increase of the occurrence of foodborne diseases, including salmonellosis. Salmonellosis is caused by the ingestion of contaminated products, mainly by the consumption of poultry meat which processing and preparation for consumption were not effective to eliminate pathogens. Thus, there is a need for the development of faster more sensitive methods of detection of pathogens as a way to ensure the quality of the food offered to consumers. The goal of this essay was to evaluate the effect of enrichment broths on naturally contaminated poultry meat samples. A total of 65 samples was collected, these samples were rinsed with 370 mL of buffered peptone water (BPS) 1% according with the traditional methodology. All of the samples were enriched with both Tetrathionate (TT) and Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) and all were analyzed by the convencional identification method and polimerasis chain reaction (PCR). Of the 65 analized samples, 34 (52%) were positive when analized by the conventional method, while 45 (69%) were positive when analized by the PCR. Amongst the 45 positive PCR samples, 44 samples were positive when enriched with TT, while just 32 samples were positive when enriched by RV. Of the 34 positive conventional samples, 29 samples were positive when enriched by TT and 31 were positive when enriched by RV

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The quality assurance control program (QACP) in clinical radiology is very important to acquire, image quality, patient dose reduction and cost for the institution. The verification of the real tension on the x ray tube, it is one of many parameters that may be determined on a QACP. This act on image quality as absorbed dose in patient. Once proved the importance of this fact, this study come up with the determination of tension to any X ray tube used on medical routine, on quick, safe and low cost manner. To reach the aim of this study, the methodology consisted on measuring expose rates (ER) using different thicknesses of copper (Cu) plates like filters and relating these results with Half Layer Value (HLV). Afterwards, the HLV was associated to real tension that was acquired with kilo voltage of peak (kVp) measurers used on clinical routine. So walking in this path, when performed the ER, on any X ray tube, it’s possible acquire the HLV and consequently the real kVp, considering measures obtained before, on the methodology of kVp estimative development

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Introdução – Uma das causas mais prováveis de lesões esportivas está relacionada aos desequilíbrios musculares e a fadiga muscular, que é evidenciada no decorrer de um jogo de futebol, principalmente no final do jogo. Esta pode ser avaliada através da comparação da força de contração máxima antes e após o exercício. A fadiga produzida durante o jogo diminui a força muscular concêntrica e excêntrica de flexores e extensores do joelho podendo aumentar a incidência de lesões. Objetivo - Avaliar o efeito de uma partida sobre o pico de torque funcional e convencional nos músculos isquiotibiais e quadríceps de jogadores de futebol de salão com e sem desequilíbrio muscular. Método – Oito jogadores de futebol de salão do gênero masculino, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, fizeram três visitas ao laboratório: 1ª foram realizadas a antropometria e adaptação aos equipamentos; 2ª teste máximo no dinamômetro isocinético para determinar a razão do pico de torque funcional e convencional nos músculos isquiotibiais e quadríceps; 3ª idem ao 2ª, após a partida de futebol de salão. Análise estatística – através das médias ± DP dos dados obtidos foi utilizado o teste t para amostras dependentes e o Mann Whitney para comparação do pico de torque antes e após a partida de futebol de salão e para comparação da relação flexor/extensor pré e pós- esforço, respectivamente. Em ambos os testes foram adotado um nível de significância de p < 0,05. Resultados - Não foram encontradas diferenças significantes entre os grupos de atletas com desequilíbrio muscular na perna dominante (GD) e grupo equilíbrio (GE) e para os extensores e flexores do GD e GE nas condições Con60. Através do Mann Whitney foram encontradas diferenças...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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This project aims the verification of doses in canines and felines to chest and coxal exams due to the transition from screen-film to computed radiography system. It also seeks a possible optimization of the new techniques employed in this new system. The study was carried out in Diagnostic Imaging service in Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo using a conventional x-ray equipment. Initially, data about the physical characteristics of animals and the technique currently used in computed radiography was collected for each of 80 chest and 16 coxal X-ray examinations. The animals were divided into different groups according to the body weight. For each group, were calculated the averages of each item: thickness of the region to be imaged, voltage, current, exposure time, current-time product, size of film used, presence or absence of bucky and focus (small or large). The techniques have been reproduced in phantoms (representative of the thickness of the animal) in order to collect the air kerma entrance. Based on the average of intermediate size M group (weights less than 5 kg for cats and from 10.1 kg and 20 kg for dogs) analysis of image quality using three devices test patterns were made consisting of the evaluation of spatial resolution, low-contrast resolution and contrast-detail. In general, the results showed the dose animals decreased with the use of computed radiography and was possible to preliminary optimization of some techniques used currently in CR

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No presente trabalho é proposto um método para determinação de cobre, manganês e selênio em amostras de vegetais de cultura orgânica e convencional utilizando ultra-som no processo de extração dos analitos e posterior quantificação por espectrometria de absorção atômica em forno de grafite (GFAAS). Utilizando como solução extratora HCl 0,10 mol L-1, as condições ótimas de extração estabelecidas foram: massa de amostra de 100 mg; granulometria da amostra < 60 m; tempo de sonificação de cinco ciclos de 40 s e potência de sonificação de 136 W. As determinações dos analitos por GFAAS foram feitas utilizando-se temperaturas de secagem de 90-250 oC, temperatura de pirólise de 1300 oC, temperatura de atomização de 2300 oC e temperatura de limpeza de 2800 oC. Foi utilizado como modificador químico nitrato de paládio co-injetado junto com as amostras e tungstênio como modificador permanente. A exatidão e precisão do método de extração proposto foram avaliadas utilizando-se padrão certificado Corn Bran, RM 8433 – National Institute of Standards and Technology. Os resultados obtidos pelo método de extração por ultra-som mostraram-se equivalentes aos obtidos pelo método utilizando-se mineralização ácida das amostras em forno de microondas. No entanto, a metodologia proposta diminui consideravelmente o tempo de análise, o que favorece a velocidade analítica. Além disso, a quantidade de resíduos gerados para o ambiente também é bastante minimizada

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Salmonella is the etiological agent responsible for one of the most important Food Borne Disease (FBD), Salmonellosis, which generates significant economic consequences in several countries, including Brazil. Poultry meat is one of the most important disseminators of the pathogen. Accordingly, several countries have developed programs trying to reduce the prevalence of Salmonella in poultry meat. Such programs are based on the research of the pathogen in the carcasses, establishing a maximum limit of positive samples at each set of analysis. The Salmonella scans are usually made using the conventional microbiological methods, which tend to be expensive and time consuming. In recent years were developed rapid methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which can greatly shorten the results time, showing greater sensitivity and specificity than conventional methodology

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The progress in radiology is related with the development of new systems of image formation with the lesser dose in the pacient. The improve of the dose in the pacient, without compromising the quality of the image, is one of the responsibilities of a medical physicist in a sector of diagnosis for image. This research has as objective to evaluate the conditions of use of an equipment of x-rays, from tests of quality control. The results gotten in this work have been part of data of an Effective Program of Quality Control (PECQ) of the sector of diagnosis for image of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP (HCFMB-UNESP)

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The maxillary lateral incisor has a very peculiar and internal morphology that can be influenced by the its external anatomy such as supernumerary roots and ruts deep root, which often hinders an effective endodontic treatment. Generally, this tooth have a single root with one root canal, but teeth with two to four channels can be found. The main canal can present ramifications such as accessory canals, laterals, collaterals, recorrents and apical deltas. All this factors interfere directally on endodonthics treatment. The objective of this work is a study of the internal anatomy of the maxillary lateral incisors by digital and conventional radiographics methods, comparing the results obteined by each method Six hundred upper lateral incisor were used in this study teeth of the collection of the Department of Anatomy ICT – UNESP. All the teeth were radiographed by vestibular face, using a digital radiographic unit(Dabi Atlante). After this step, all the teeth underwent by conventional radiographic technique(Kodak 2200) so that the results obtained were compared. To classify the channel system, it was adopted the classification of Pucci and Reig. All data obtained by digital technique were compared with those obtained in the conventional technique and were subjected to statistical analysis

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Along with the advance of technology, in terms of the expansion of medical exams that uses the ionizing radiation for diagnosis, there is also the concern about quality control for maintaining quality in radiographic imaging and for delivering low dose to the patient. Based on the Federal Order 453 of the Secretariat of Health Surveillance, which takes account of the practical and justification of individual medical exposures, the optimization of radiological protection, limitation of individual dose, and the prevention of accidents, were done through this paper radiodiagnostic tests on medical equipment in order to accept it or not, according to SVS-453. Along with the help and support of P&R Consulting and Medical Physics Marilia, SP, were made Quality Control and Radiometric Control in equipment from various cities across the state of São Paulo. The equipment discussed in this work is classified as conventional X-ray. According to the Federal Order SVS-453, the quality control in the program of quality assurance should include the following minimum set of constancy tests, with following minimum frequency: biennial tests for representative values of dose given to the patients of radiography and CT performed in the service; annual tests for accuracy of the indicator tube voltage (kVp), accuracy of exposure time, half-value layer, aligning the central axis of the beam of x-ray tube, performance (mGy / mA.min.m²), linearity of the rate of kerma on air with the mAs, reproducibility of the kerma on air rates, reproducibility of the automatic exposure, focal spot size, integrity of accessories and clothing for individual protection; semiannually for collimation system accuracy; weekly for temperature processing system and sensitometry processing system. For the room Radiometric Survey it was done a sketch...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)