Dipirona versus paracetamol no controle da dor pós-operatória

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Gene expression of estrogen receptor-alpha in orbital fibroblasts in Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is one of the most severe clinical manifestations of Graves’ disease (GD), and its treatment might involve high-dose glucocorticoid therapy. The higher incidence of GO among females, and the reported association between polymorphisms of estrogen receptor (ER) and GD susceptibility have led us to question the role of estrogen and its receptor in GO pathogenesis. We, thus, assessed estrogen receptor-alpha (ERA) gene expression in cultures of orbital fibroblasts from a patient with GO before (controls) and after treatment with 10 nM and 100 nM dexamethasone (DEX). Orbital fibroblasts showed ERA gene expression. In the cells treated with 10 nM and 100 nM DEX, ERA gene expression was, respectively, 85% higher and 74% lower, than in the control group. We concluded that ERA gene expression is found in the orbital fibroblasts of patient with GO, which may be affected by glucocorticoids in a dose-related manner. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):273-6

Avaliação da maturidade pulmonar de cordeiros nascidos a termo e prematuros pela análise citológica, Test de Clements e contagem de corpos lamelares do líquido amniótico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos preventivos do treinamento físico na expressão das proteínas Cox-2 e Vegf de ratos tratados com dexametasona

Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid widely used to treat allergic and inflammatory processes. This drug is used in three main situations, are used to contain acute or chronic inflammatory processes, or like immunosuppressive drug's. In these cases the patient will receive high doses for a chronic period and, therefore, has a much greater chance of adverse side effects, such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Dexamethasone promotes deleterious effects on the arachidonic acid pathway, when administered in high doses, because it is a potent anti-inflammatory drug. We recently demonstrated that dexamethasone significantly reduces the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in both skeletal muscle and heart, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Meanwhile, exercise has been shown to be effective against high blood pressure, diabetes and dyslipidemia, promoting, among other factors, the increase in VEGF and angiogenesis. One possible explanation for these effects would be the creation of new vessels mediated by inflammation, or by the stimulation of the formation of products of the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA), such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and VEGF, by increasing the stimulation of the enzymes cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2). Little is known about the preventive effects of training on the action of dexamethasone in the arachidonic acid pathway. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether aerobic exercise training, performed before and concomitant treatment with dexamethasone, was able to prevent the effects of the dexamethasone in the protein expression of COX-2 and VEGF. For this, we used young Wistar rats (n = 40) which were randomly divided into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary and treated with dexamethasone (SD), trained control (TC) and trained and treated with dexamethasone (TD). These rats performed aerobic exercise training, 60% of maximum capacity, 5

Efeitos preventivos do exercício físico sobre as proteínas ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) e fator de crescimento de vasos derivado do endotélio (VEGF) no músculo cardíaco em ratos tratados com dexametasona

Dexamethasone (DEXA) is a synthetic glucocorticoid widely used in the handling of several drugs, for its proven benefits in fighting inflammation and allergies. Despite their benefits, their chronic use leads to several side effects that include changes in the body in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Moreover, being an anti-inflammatory, acts on the arachidonic acid pathway, reducing the expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and growth factor derived from the endothelium of blood vessels (VEGF) in various tissues. However, its effects on the myocardium are still uncertain. The physical training (PT), in turn, promotes effects contrary to those caused by chronic use of DEXA, however, little is known about the preventive effects of TF in the side effects of Dexa in the myocardium. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if the TF has the ability to prevent and/or mitigate the effects of Dexa in protein expression of COX-2 and VEGF in the myocardium. Forty animals were divided into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary treated with Dexa (SD), trained control (TC) and Trained treated with Dexa (TD) and submitted to a protocol of physical training on the treadmill for 70 days (1 h/day-5 days per week, 60% of physical capacity) or kept sedentary. Over the past 10 days, rats were treated with Dexa (Decadron, 0.5 mg/kg per day, ip) or saline. During training the animals were weighed weekly and during treatment daily. At the end of treatment was made to measure fasting glucose levels of animals. The rats were killed with excess anesthesia and cardiac muscle was removed, weighed, homogenized, centrifuged and stored at -20° C for analysis of protein expression of VEGF and COX-2 by Western blotting technique. Treatment with dexamethasone caused a weight loss of 18% in sedentary animals and 13% in trained as well as elevated levels of fasting glucose in sedentary (88%). The TF was unable to mitigate the loss in...

Efeitos preventivos do exercício físico na expressão da miostatina em ratos tratados com Dexametasona

Muscle atrophy is always associated with Dexamethasone (Dexa) treatment, however the mechanisms are not completely understood. This study investigated the effects of Dexa on myostatin and p70S6K protein expression and if previous exercise training (T) can attenuate these effects. Eighty rats were distributed into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary treated with Dexa (SD; 0,5 mg/kg per day, i.p., 10 days), trained control (TC) and trained treated with Dexa (TD) and underwent a training period where they were either submitted to a running protocol (60% of physical capacity, 5 days/week for 8 weeks) or kept sedentary. After T period, animals underwent Dexa treatment concomitant with training. Western Blot was performed to identify myostatin and p70S6k protein expression in the tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscle. Ten days of Dexa treatment increased fasting glucose (SD=+62%), however previous T attenuated this increase (TD=+20%, p<0.05). Dexa determined significant decrease in body weight in TD (-22%) and SD (-25%), followed by TA weight reduction in SD (-23%) and TD (-20%). Previous training could not avoid these decreases. Myostatin protein expression was not altered by dexa treatment or training in TA muscle but in SOL muscle it was significantly modified after T, regardless of treatment (TC=+%23 and TD=+25) compared with their respective controls. The protein p70S6K was not modified neither by dexa nor training in any of the analyzed muscle or condition. The results of this study allowed us to conclude that previous training attenuates the hyperglycemia induced by Dexa, however it did not prevent the body or muscle weight reductions. Even in the presence of muscle atrophy, the expression of myostatin and p70S6K do not justify the mechanisms of muscle loss induced by Dexa, which suggests that other catabolic or anabolic proteins could be involved in the process of muscle atrophy after 10 days of treatment with Dexa

Beneficial effect of annexin A1 in a model of experimental allergic conjunctivitis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Immunomodulatory Effects of Galectin-1 on an IgE-Mediated Allergic Conjunctivitis Model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protective effects of the galectin-1 protein on in vivo and in vitro models of ocular inflammation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Anaphylactoid reaction caused by sodium ceftriaxone in two horses experimentally infected by Borrelia burgdorferi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação das atividades cicatrizante e antiinflamatória de Casearia sylvestris Swartz em animais e identificação dos marcadores químicos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Radiographic assessment of potodynamic therapy as an adjunctive treatment on induced periodontitis in immunosupressed rats

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess radiographically the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunctive treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) on induced periodontitis in dexamethasone-induced immunosuppressed rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The animals were divided into 2 groups: ND group (n=60): saline treatment; D group (n=60): dexamethasone treatment. In both ND and D groups, periodontal disease was induced by the placement of a ligature in the left first mandibular molar. After 7 days, ligature was removed and all animals received SRP, being divided according to the following treatments: SRP: saline and PDT: phenothiazinium dye (TBO) plus laser irradiation. Ten animals per treatment were killed at 7, 15 and 30 days. The distance between the cementoenamel junction and the height of the alveolar bone crest in the mesial surface of the mandibular left first molars was determined in millimeters in each radiograph. he radiographic values were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test at a p value <0.05. RESULTS: Intragroup radiographic assessment (ND and D groups) showed that there was statistically signifcant less bone loss in the animals treated with PDT in all experimental periods compared to those submitted to SRP. Intergroup radiographic analysis (ND and D groups) demonstrated that there was greater bone loss in the ND group treated with SRP compared to the D group treated with PDT at 7 and 30 days. CONCLUSION: PDT was an effective adjunctive treatment to SRP on induced periodontitis in dexamethasone-induced immunosuppressed rats.

Hiperadrenocorticismo em cães: revisão

Hyperadrenocorticism is a relatively common endocrinopathy in dogs, which is associated to an excessive production or administration of cortisol. The most affected breeds are Poodles, Teckels, Boxers, Boston Terriers and Beagles. The clinical signs most commonly observed are polyuria, polydipsia, polyfagia, panting, distended abdomen, endocrine alopecia, muscular weakness and lethargy. Laboratorial abnormalities include stress leukogram, increase in alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities, hypercholesterolemia, lipemia, hyperglycemia and hyposthenuria. The preferred essay to evaluate adrenal gland function is the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, whereas the most used treatments include mitotane and trilostane. The objective of this paper is to review hyperadrenocorticism in dogs, because this disease is relatively common in small animal clinics and has many long-term complications.

IGFBP7 participates in the reciprocal interaction between acute lymphoblastic leukemia and BM stromal cells and in leukemia resistance to asparaginase

The interaction of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) blasts with bone marrow (BM) stromal cells (BMSCs) has a positive impact on ALL resistance to chemotherapy. We investigated the modulation of a series of putative asparaginase-resistance/sensitivity genes in B-precursor ALL cells upon coculture with BMSCs. Coculture with stromal cells resulted in increased insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) expression by ALL cells. Assays with IGFBP7 knockdown ALL and stromal cell lines, or with addition of recombinant rIGFBP7 (rIGFBP7) to the culture medium, showed that IGFBP7 acts as a positive regulator of ALL and stromal cells growth, and significantly enhances in-vitro resistance of ALL to asparaginase. In these assays, IGFBP7 function occurred mainly in an insulin-and stromal-dependent manner. ALL cells were found to contribute substantially to extracellular IGFBP7 levels in the conditioned coculture medium. Diagnostic BM plasma from children with ALL had higher levels of IGFBP7 than controls. IGFBP7, in an insulin/IGF-dependent manner, enhanced asparagine synthetase expression and asparagine secretion by BMSCs, thus providing a stromal-dependent mechanism by which IGFBP7 protects ALL cells against asparaginase in this coculture system. Importantly, higher IGFBP7 mRNA levels were associated with lower leukemia-free survival (Cox regression model, P = 0.003) in precursor B-cell Ph(-) ALL patients (n = 147) treated with a contemporary polychemotherapy protocol.

Facial symmetry evaluation after experimentally displaced condylar process fracture in methotrexate treated rats

PURPOSE: To investigate the facial symmetry of high and low dose methotrexate (MTX) treated rats submitted to experimentally displaced mandibular condyle fracture through the recording of cephalometric measurements. METHODS: One hundred male Wistar rats underwent surgery using an experimental model of right condylar fracture. Animals were divided into four groups: A - saline solution (1mL/week); B - dexamethasone (DEX) (0,15mg/Kg); C - MTX low dose (3 mg/Kg/week); D - MTX high dose (30 mg/Kg). Animals were sacrificed at 1, 7, 15, 30 and 90 days postoperatively (n=5). Body weight was recorded. Specimens were submitted to axial radiographic incidence, and cephalometric mensurations were made using a computer system. Linear measurements of skull and mandible, as well as angular measurements of mandibular deviation were taken. Data were subjected to statistical analyses among the groups, periods of sacrifice and between the sides in each group (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: Animals regained body weight over time, except in group D. There was reduction in the mandibular length and also changes in the maxilla as well as progressive deviation in the mandible in relation to the skull basis in group D. CONCLUSION: Treatment with high dose methotrexate had deleterious effect on facial symmetry of rats submitted to experimentally displaced condylar process fracture.