Utilização de trocadores de calor de placas em espiral em processos da indústria siderúrgica

Stricter environmental policies are shown necessary to ensure an effective pollutant emission control. It is expected for the present year of 2015, that Brazil will assume, at the 21th United Nation's Climate Change Conference (COP21), implementation of commitment to a low carbon economy. This positioning affects the industrial environment, so that is deemed necessary to search for new technologies, less aggressive to the environment, so the adequacies to the new emission policies do not cause a negative effect on production. Almost all of the processes performed in the steel industry demand burning fuel and, therefore, flue gases are sent to the atmosphere. In this present work is discussed the utilization of heat exchangers so, by recovering part of the available heat from the flue gases of certain industrial process, the combustion air is preheated. The combustion air preheat results in less energy requirement, i.e., less need of fuel consumption and, in addition, minor amount of pollutants to be emitted. Due to better fitting to the process, it is studied the utilization of spiral plate heat exchangers. The heat exchanger dimensioning is made by an iterative method implemented in the software Microsoft Excel. Subsequently are analyzed the gains in terms of process's thermal efficiency improvement and the percentage of fuel saving. The latter implies in reduction of the same percentage of greenhouse gases emission

Análise de um trocador de calor tipo serpentina de uma planta de hipoclorito de sódio

This study aims to analyze the capacity of a helical coil heat exchanger to reach the requested heat transfer rates by a sodium hypochlorite production process. This heat exchanger was installed in an experimental way in order to reuse a source of low-temperatures water in such a way to become a more economical alternative than the existing cooling tower. Firstly, the concepts related to the theory of heat transfer applicable to the case were introduced. Then, the mapping of the main information about the production process and the technical specification of the current cooling system equipment's was realized. Using the dimensions of the heat exchanger installed today as reference, the calculations for determining the ideal length of the coil to different flows of hot fluid were performed. Finally, it was concluded that the heat exchanger currently employed does not provide heat transfer rates required for the maximum flow rate value supported by the cooling tower

APR e FMEA em trocador de calor de bomba

The modernization of the world made the speed, accuracy and reliability of all existing processes become increasingly necessary. For this evolution to occur every day, the evolution of the equipment was strategic, but not as much as needed. It is necessary for such equipment to ensure its function and, in case of failure, an early diagnosis to prevent loss. Therefore the evolution of maintainability and reliability in equipment is also paramount. Thus, the growth of forms of maintenance was driven by this scenario, forming maintenance philosophies. Among many, there is the RCM, which have its focus on the identification, parameters development and performance preview. One of those methodologies from this idea is the FMEA, process that has been studied and implemented this work, aiming the anticipation of failure modes and guidance for the use of a heat exchanger and a pump. This implementation has the aid of another process of RCM, the PHA, which was also shown and implemented, these results being used to start the FMEA process. The results show the activities with the highest chance of failure, presenting also the measures to be taken to avoid or minimize them. It is shown, in this paper, concern with the valves because they maintain control and system security, and its flaws related to accidents with possible danger to people and the whole system, emphasizing the priority of action

Boa colocação da equação do calor semilinear em L^p-fraco

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Considerações sobre concepções de calor e sistema termodinâmico para o ensino médio.

Este trabalho parte da ideia de que para ocorrer significativo avanço na compreensão das leis da termodinâmica pelos estudantes é necessário promover, inicialmente, discussões sobre diversas concepções de calor e de sistemas. É nessa direção que este trabalho aponta, ao procurar responder à questão: Como possibilitar, no ensino médio, a compreensão de diferentes concepções de calor antes da apresentação das leis da termodinâmica? Para isso apresenta subsídios que poderão ser utilizados na elaboração de estratégias, mostrando a atitude dos cientistas frente a situações nas quais concepções aceitas sobre calor revelaram-se inadequadas; destaca-se aqui a importância que teve a introdução do conceito de sistema na elaboração das teorias da termodinâmica. Para isso selecionou-se de uma pesquisa anterior, algumas ideias comuns e persistentes entre estudantes do ensino médio e do nível superior que já passaram pelo ensino formal da termodinâmica como as de Calor como “quente” e “frio”. Consideraram-se também fragmentos de trabalhos originais de Carnot e de Clausius que tocam nesses conteúdos. Com isso pretende-se despertar, nos estudantes, a percepção de que suas concepções baseadas em sensações bem como ideias “substancialistas” precisam ser redimensionadas, juntamente com adoção de elementos teóricos adotados pela termodinâmica. Espera-se dos professores o planejamento de atividades que propiciem o encontro dessas ideias.

Determinación de la variabilidad estacional del transporte de masa, calor y agua dulce en la cuenca este del Giro Subtropical del Atlántico Norte mediante el uso de perfiladores lagrangianos

Premio extraordinario de doctorado y premio a la mejor tesis doctoral por el Área de Ciencias Experimentales, 2007.

Variabilidad espacio temporal de la Corriente de Canarias, del afloramiento costero al noroeste de África y de los intercambios atmósfera-océano de calor y agua dulce

Programa de Doctorado en Oceanografía

Análisis crítico de potencialidades y limitaciones de la transición energética en el sector turístico canario: producción sostenible de calor/frío

Directores: Matías González y Carmelo León. Programa de doctorado: Turismo, economía y gestión

Chemotherapy for isolated locoregional recurrence of breast cancer (CALOR): a randomised trial.

BACKGROUND Patients with isolated locoregional recurrences (ILRR) of breast cancer have a high risk of distant metastasis and death from breast cancer. We aimed to establish whether adjuvant chemotherapy improves the outcome of such patients. METHODS The CALOR trial was a pragmatic, open-label, randomised trial that accrued patients with histologically proven and completely excised ILRR after unilateral breast cancer who had undergone a mastectomy or lumpectomy with clear surgical margins. Eligible patients were enrolled from hospitals worldwide and were centrally randomised (1:1) to chemotherapy (type selected by the investigator; multidrug for at least four courses recommended) or no chemotherapy, using permuted blocks, and stratified by previous chemotherapy, oestrogen-receptor and progesterone-receptor status, and location of ILRR. Patients with oestrogen-receptor-positive ILRR received adjuvant endocrine therapy, radiation therapy was mandated for patients with microscopically involved surgical margins, and anti-HER2 therapy was optional. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival. All analyses were by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00074152. FINDINGS From Aug 22, 2003, to Jan 31, 2010, 85 patients were randomly assigned to receive chemotherapy and 77 were assigned to no chemotherapy. At a median follow-up of 4·9 years (IQR 3·6-6 ·0), 24 (28%) patients had disease-free survival events in the chemotherapy group compared with 34 (44%) in the no chemotherapy group. 5-year disease-free survival was 69% (95% CI 56-79) with chemotherapy versus 57% (44-67) without chemotherapy (hazard ratio 0·59 [95% CI 0·35-0·99]; p=0·046). Adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly more effective for women with oestrogen-receptor-negative ILRR (pinteraction=0·046), but analyses of disease-free survival according to the oestrogen-receptor status of the primary tumour were not statistically significant (pinteraction=0·43). Of the 81 patients who received chemotherapy, 12 (15%) had serious adverse events. The most common adverse events were neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and intestinal infection. INTERPRETATION Adjuvant chemotherapy should be recommended for patients with completely resected ILRR of breast cancer, especially if the recurrence is oestrogen-receptor negative. FUNDING US Department of Health and Human Services, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation, Australian and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group, Swedish Cancer Society, Oncosuisse, Cancer Association of South Africa, Foundation for Clinical Research of Eastern Switzerland (OSKK), Grupo Español de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama (GEICAM), and the Dutch Breast Cancer Trialists' Group (BOOG).

El conflicto socio ambiental al calor de las transformaciones del capital

El presente trabajo se centra en los procesos de conflictividad socio ambiental provocados por la dinámica que asume actualmente la acumulación del capital, específicamente en lo que refiere al impulso de los proyectos mega-mineros en la provincia de Mendoza. Para ello, se eligió analizar un acontecimiento singular en la trama conflictual: la Audiencia Pública realizada a propósito de la presentación del Informe de Impacto Ambiental del Proyecto San Jorge, en el departamento de Las Heras, distrito Uspallata. Se partió del interrogante acerca de la dinámica que adquiere el conflicto socio ambiental al calor de la emergencia de sujetos colectivos que disputan los sentidos de las transformaciones en ciernes. En base a ello, el objetivo general de esta investigación fue contribuir al conocimiento y reflexión sobre la articulación entre estructura y movimientos sociales / sujetos sociales/ colectivos. Específicamente, se propuso caracterizar el contexto socio- histórico en el que emergieron las formas de acumulación basadas en el saqueo y la depredación ambiental en relación con los sujetos sociales que emergen como protagonistas de las resistencias; describir y analizar la dinámica económica de la provincia en relación a las actividades extractivas mineras; relacionar las tensiones sociales generadas entre los sujetos colectivos a partir de las reformulaciones en la dinámica del capital que se verifican en la provincia; analizar los posicionamientos de los sujetos sociales en los conflicto poniendo como eje un específico acontecimiento social: la Audiencia Pública del Proyecto San Jorge, Uspallata.

El conflicto árabe-israelí al calor del proceso de radicalización política argentina [1973-1975]

El período inaugurado por el triunfo del Frente Justicialista de Liberación (FREJULI) y la posterior asunción de la presidencia de Héctor Cámpora- es decir, la llegada al poder del peronismo tras dieciocho años de proscripción- fue proyectado como la apertura de un proceso institucional que encauzaría la alta conflictividad social y política que caracterizó a la Argentina desde la década del sesenta- aun más tras el Cordobazo (1969) y el fusilamiento del General Pedro Eugenio Aramburu por parte de la organización político-militar Montoneros (1970). Sin embargo, como señala una amplia bibliografía, los incidentes cercanos a la Plaza de Mayo, el mismo 25 de mayo de 1973, durante los actos de la asunción presidencial y la posterior sanción de un decreto presidencial que amnistiaba a los 'presos-políticos' de las dictaduras de Onganía y Lanusse, evidenciaría que la conflictividad política estaría lejos de aquietarse. Ese contexto, signado por un creciente proceso de radicalización política, fue a su vez el que recepcionó diversas polémicas en torno del conflicto árabe-israelí. Entre la guerra de Iom Kipur (1973) y la sanción por parte de la Organización de Naciones Unidas de una resolución equiparando sionismo a racismo (1975), tuvieron lugar en Argentina una serie de manifestaciones y posicionamientos públicos que pusieron en el centro del debate las concepciones en torno del Estado de Israel y las actividades de las organizaciones sionistas locales. El presente trabajo abordará las polémicas suscitadas al interior del campo judío argentino y, a su vez, los debates que diversos actores de la 'comunidad judía' sostuvieron con actores políticos extra-comunitarios- particularmente las organizaciones políticas de izquierda

La formación de la CGT de los Argentinos en La Plata, Berisso y Ensenada al calor del '68 platense : La experiencia de la intersindical de gremios y sus relaciones con el movimiento obrero y estudiantil

Fil: Cappannini, Andrés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.