855 resultados para TRASTORNOS CARDIOVASCULARES


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Pós-graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia - FCFAR

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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FUNDAMENTO: Atualmente, a dislipidemia infanto-juvenil associada a outros agravos não transmissíveis como diabete, hipertensão e obesidade representam um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil. OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência de dislipidemia em crianças e adolescentes da rede particular de ensino na cidade de Belém. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal e prospectivo, no qual foram avaliados 437 escolares pareados por sexo. A faixa etária foi delimitada entre 6 a 19 anos, estratificada em quatro subgrupos (6 a 9 anos; 10 a 12 anos; 13 a 15 anos e 16 a 19 anos). Para obtenção das variáveis antropométricas foram mensurados peso e estatura, para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal; e pregas cutâneas para o cálculo do percentual de gordura. O perfil lipoprotéico sérico foi obtido através da dosagem do colesterol total, triglicerídeo, LDL-colesterol e o HDL-colesterol após 12 horas de jejum, determinado por métodos enzimáticos. RESULTADOS: Do total de escolares analisados 126 (28,8%) apresentaram excesso de peso e 158 (36,2%) índice de adiposidade elevado. As crianças (33,6%) apresentaram maior prevalência de obesidade quando comparadas com os adolescentes (10,1%) (p<0,001). Em relação às características bioquímicas constatou-se que 214 (49%) apresentaram alguma alteração no perfil lipídico e que as crianças e os adolescentes da faixa de 10 a 15 anos foram os grupos etários que apresentaram maiores taxas de dislipidemia (34,6 e 25,5 %), respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Esses achados demonstram a importância de se diagnosticar precocemente o possível perfil lipídico, principalmente se este já apresentar associação com outro fator de risco como a obesidade.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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The volume-controlled mechanical ventilation and spontaneous ventilation, through haemogasometric, cardiovascular and spirometry variables were evaluated. Twenty-eight rabbits were distributed into two groups: GIVC (isoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation), GIVE (isoflurane and spontaneous ventilation), GSVC (sevoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation) and GSVE (sevoflurane and spontaneous ventilation). Induction was performed by mask with isoflurane (GIVE and GIVC) or sevoflurane (GSVE and GSVC) at 1.5 MAC in 100% oxygen. To maintain anesthesia, MAC was reset to 1. In GIVC and GSVC groups, rocuronium was administered at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by its continuous infusion (0.6 mg/kg/h). In GSVE and GIVE, 0.9% NaCl was administered instead of rocuronium. Controlled ventilation was started by adjusting the capnometry in order to obtain values between 35 and 45 mmHg. Parameters were measured 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia (M0), 15 minutes after the bolus of rocuronium or 0.9% NaCl (M15) and every fifteen minutes (M30, M45 and M60). Hypercapnia and acidosis was evident in GIVC, GSVC and GSVE. We concluded that the volume-controlled mechanical ventilation was not able to maintain normocapnia in rabbits, producing acidosis in them, especially when using sevoflurane. The use of isoflurane showed greater stability than the sevoflurane anesthetic in the species studied.

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Adopting a healthy lifestyle it is critical for the prevention of high blood pressure and is an indispensable part of the treatment of those with hypertension. High levels of physical activity and greater fitness are associated with reduced incidence of hypertension. However until the beginning of the 1990 decade, the resisted exercise was not inclued at the internacionals statements for people with heart disease. Fortunately, in the past few years, this type of exercise started to take into account as a possible strategy for the first and second prevention of diferents cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study it is to evaluate, through a systematic review, the contribution of the resisted exercise on the cardiovascular responses in hypertensive male adults. Twenty eight articles were pre-selected for this study, four attend to the requirements. The results were not consistent in this review, only the diastolic blood pressure demonstrated decrease in three of the four studies, in circuit protocol as much as in the conventional protocol. Otherwise one study proved an increase in the VO2max, wich is an important data, because it is an anaerobic exercise and, an improve was not expected. An other article analised the harm issues of the Valsalva manouvre, where it was presented the maximum blood pressure values (345/245 mmHg) and evidences of lower blood pressure rises in the intra-arterial, intrathoracic and intra-abdominal pressures when the exercise was performed without the manouvre, enhancing the necessity to avoid the use of this manouvre in hypertensive individuals.