Characteristics of Arabian Sea mini warm pool and Indian summer monsoon

Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool (ASMWP) is a part of the Indian Ocean Warm Pool and formed in the eastern Arabian Sea prior to the onset of the summer monsoon season. This warm pool attained its maximum intensity during the pre-monsoon season and dissipated with the commencement of summer monsoon. The main focus of the present work was on the triggering of the dissipation of this warm pool and its relation to the onset of summer monsoon over Kerala. This phenomenon was studied utilizing NCEP/NCAR (National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric and Research) re-analysis data, TRMM Micro wave Imager (TMI) and observational data. To define the ASMWP, sea surface temperature exceeding 30.25 C was taken as the criteria. The warm pool attained its maximum dimension and intensity nearly 2 weeks prior to the onset of summer monsoon over Kerala. Interestingly, the warm pool started its dissipation immediately after attaining its maximum core temperature. This information can be included in the present numerical models to enhance the prediction capability. It was also found that the extent and intensity of the ASMWP varied depending on the type of monsoon i.e., excess, normal, and deficient monsoon. Maximum core temperature and wide coverage of the warm pool observed during the excess monsoon years compared to normal and deficient monsoon years. The study also revealed a strong relationship between the salinity in the eastern Arabian Sea and the nature of the monsoon

Spatio-temporal variation of microphytoplankton in the upwelling system of the south-eastern Arabian Sea during the summer monsoon of 2009

The phytoplankton standing crop was assessed in detail along the South Eastern Arabian Sea (SEAS) during the different phases of coastal upwelling in 2009.During phase 1 intense upwelling was observed along the southern transects (8◦N and 8.5◦N). The maximum chlorophyll a concentration (22.7 mg m −3) was observed in the coastal waters off Thiruvananthapuram (8.5◦N). Further north there was no signature of upwelling, with extensive Trichodesmium erythraeum blooms. Diatoms dominated in these upwelling regions with the centric diatom Chaetoceros curvisetus being the dominant species along the 8◦N transect. Along the 8.5◦N transect pennate diatoms like Nitzschia seriata and Pseudo-nitzschia sp. dominated. During phase 2, upwelling of varying intensity was observed throughout the study area with maximum chlorophyll a concentrations along the 9◦N transect (25 mg m−3) with Chaetoceros curvisetus as the dominant phytoplankton. Along the 8.5◦N transect pennate diatoms during phase 1 were replaced by centric diatoms like Chaetoceros sp. The presence of solitary pennate diatoms Amphora sp. and Navicula sp. were significant in the waters off Kochi. Upwelling was waning during phase 3 and was confined to the coastal waters of the southern transects with the highest chlorophyll a concentration of 11.2 mg m−3. Along with diatoms, dinoflagellate cell densities increased in phases 2 and 3. In the northern transects (9◦N and 10◦N) the proportion of dinoflagellates was comparatively higher and was represented mainly by Protoperidinium spp., Ceratium spp. and Dinophysis spp.

Knowledge integration within an applied mobile robot summer course

This paper presents the use of a mobile robot platform as an innovative educational tool in order to promote and integrate different curriculum knowledge. Hence, it is presented the acquired experience within a summer course named ldquoapplied mobile roboticsrdquo. The main aim of the course is to integrate different subjects as electronics, programming, architecture, perception systems, communications, control and trajectory planning by using the educational open mobile robot platform PRIM. The summer course is addressed to a wide range of student profiles. However, it is of special interests to the students of electrical and computer engineering around their final academic year. The summer course consists of the theoretical and laboratory sessions, related to the following topics: design & programming of electronic devices, modelling and control systems, trajectory planning and control, and computer vision systems. Therefore, the clues for achieving a renewed path of progress in robotics are the integration of several knowledgeable fields, such as computing, communications, and control sciences, in order to perform a higher level reasoning and use decision tools with strong theoretical base

Jugamos en la oscuridad, A summer night (noche de verano) : experiencia en una clase de inglés con alumnos de educación infantil y primer ciclo de primaria.

Se describe una experiencia en una clase de inglés, en la que se parte del temor que muchos niños experimentan ante ciertas situaciones. En este sentido, se desarrollan actividades que les permita vencer el miedo, a través de canciones en inglés, disfraces, recreación de diversas situaciones para que comprueben que no hay que sentir miedo. Concluye que el niño debe hacer cosas que le interesen para desarrollar su iniciativa y confianza en sí mismo.

International summer camp : propuesta intercultural para la integración de inmigrantes.

Obtuvo el quinto premio de la modalidad B en el XII Certamen de Materiales Curriculares de 2004, organizado por la Consejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Madrid

Summer.

Forma parte de una serie, que introduce a los lectores de primaria en los cambios de las estaciones. Explica cuándo y cómo se produce el verano en el Reino Unido, y sus efectos sobre el comportamiento de las personas, otros seres vivos y las celebraciones que se llevan a cabo durante esa temporada. Para que los niños se familiaricen y aprendan en la lectura de textos con temas de la vida real. Incluye un glosario.

Summer.

En los primeros días de verano, el rocío humedece los pastos que brillan al sol y las pequeñas flores silvestres salpican los bordes de la carretera. Bandadas de aves cruzan los cielos azules y altos, los insectos cantan en interminables coros. Las mariposas vuelan, las abejas zumban y en los jardines silban las mangueras que dejan caer suavemente su agua sobre la tierra sedienta. Los campos de gramíneas están descoloridos y las colinas pardas al sol de la tarde. Nubes oscuras en el cielo surgen de la nada y la lluvia cae feroz y rápidamente refrescando flores y levantado vapores del suelo. Buscamos la sombra agradable de los árboles para descansar y leer.

Determining the efficacy of summer school on maintaining hearing-impaired children’s language levels

This paper discusses the process of determining the efficacy of summer school on maintaining hearing-impaired children’s language levels.