997 resultados para Reflexo H
Resumo:
Research about teacher education, carried out in the area of Applied Linguistics (AL), reveals the importance of reflective practices in the professional development of teachers. With the aim of contributing to this area, we present this case study conducted at a technical school in Natal, RN. The corpus of the study is formed mainly from the teacher‟s discourse, generated during a stimulated recall session and the instruments used to collect the data: an initial questionnaire, a video recording of a class and the text transcript of the stimulated recall session. The central objective is to understand the way in which the reflection-on-action (SCHÖN, 1983, 1987) can contribute to raise the awareness of an English as a Foreign Language teacher (EFL) about her actions in the classroom. With this proposal, we begin our discussion presenting the origins, the presuppositions and characteristics of the concept of reflection according to Schön (1983, 1987), and supported by other authors (PERRENOUD, 2002; GÓMEZ, 1995; IMBERNÓN, 2009, among others); of critical reflection (LISTON e ZEICHNER, 1993; PIMENTA, 2002; DUTRA e MELLO, 2004, among others); and of the process of critical reflection (SMYTH, 1992). To evidence the reflections that emerge in the teacher‟s discourse, we found support in the theories and methods of Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), which was initially proposed by Halliday (1985, 1994), Halliday and Hasan (1989), Halliday and Matthiessen (2004) and followers, such as, Eggins (1994), Thompson (1996), among others. We focus mainly on the subsystem of Attitude, an integral component of the system of discourse resources, Appraisal, presented by Martin (2000), Martin and Rose (2003, 2007), Martin and White (2005). The results reveal that the actions of the teacher in the classroom reflect not only her professional experiences, but also her values and concepts about teaching/learning languages. The results also show the teacher‟s awareness of the need for changes in her practices. Faced with these findings, we believe that this study reveals important concepts that can direct teacher educators to rethink new ways of approaching teacher training courses. In addition, it also reveals the importance of discourse analysis based on a systemic functional approach.
Resumo:
This paper presents results concerning studies conducted during the master's research in the area of Applied Linguistics of the Graduate Program in Language Studies - PPgEL, linked to the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. We approached this study the question of authorship, which has gained ground increasingly important in academic research, because the act of authoring, in view of the amount of circulating discourses socially, becomes increasingly questionable. We understand authorship as related to a positioning of the subject than to take responsibility, in the Bakhtinian sense, by its text, it makes their views, ideologies, beliefs and values, from ownership and restructuring of the speech of others. This research is methodologically inserted in a qualitative, interpretive in nature and has a corpus analysis of the ten productions written memoir genre of readings produced by students in 9th grade in elementary school. Research aimed to analyze the students' written productions held in the school environment, to identify these texts marks or evidence of authorship and investigate how the restructuring of ownership and voices of others in the process of authoring. We adopt a concept of language from bakhitinianas concepts and understand the text in a vision Geraldiana. The analyzes in this study showed that in most texts there is the strong presence of voices of others, either implicitly and/or explicit. That is, students, to build their sayings, if embraced the voices of others in various formats, in particular styles, namely, by what Bakhtin names as linear style and pictorial style. Some proved his statement highlighting their positions through direct quotes from authors of books, family, teachers, showing us that their voices are filled with voices of others with whom they approve, deny, analyze, think and reflect. We therefore conclude that students were constituted as subjects of their texts, authors, since they leave marked the voices of others so presentified and restructured voices of others who do not actually sounded like voices of others, but as present voices from a discursive restructuring producer
Resumo:
O presente artigo focaliza episódios históricos relacionados à pesquisa médica acerca da febre amarela (1881-1903), buscando discutir (a) a influência que os fatores econômicos, sociais e políticos exercem sobre a pesquisa científica; (b) o caráter coletivo, controvertido e não-linear do processo de produção de conhecimentos na ciência; (c) a natureza arbitrária dos conhecimentos científicos, no sentido de que representam formas de ver, e não são perenes ou elaborados apenas sobre bases racionais; (d) o papel pouco cabal desempenhado pelas demonstrações experimentais, que não se mostram irrefutáveis; e (e) o papel desempenhado pelos paradigmas, que conduzem não apenas a caminhos frutíferos, mas também a becos sem saída. O intuito é proporcionar subsídios que sejam úteis tanto aos pesquisadores como aos professores que atuam na área do Ensino de Ciências.
Resumo:
Criticism done to the undergraduate training process of the psychologist in Brazil raised debates known as "dilemmas of training". In recent years the classic training model, based on the Minimum Curriculum has undergone a series of changes after the National Curriculum Guidelines (DCN), modifying the context of courses. Thus, this paper aimed to investigate, in a post- DCN context how undergraduate courses in Psychology in Brazil have been dealing with the dilemmas of training. So, we decided to analyze the Course Pedagogical Projects (CPPs) of Psychology in the country. Forty CPPs, selected by region, academic organization and legal status were collected. The data was grouped into three blocks of discussions: theoretical, philosophical and pedagogical foundations; curriculum emphases and disciplines; and professional practices. The results were grouped into four sets of dilemmas: a) ethical and political; b) theoreticalepistemological; c) professional practice of the psychologist and d) academic-scientific. Courses claim a socially committed, generalist, pluralistic training, focusing on research, non-dissociation of teaching-research-extension, interdisciplinary training and defending a vision of man and of critical and reflective and non-individualistic psychology. The curriculum keeps the almost exclusive teaching of the classical areas of traditional fields of applied Psychology. Training is content based. The clinic is hegemonic, both in theory and in application fields. The historical debate is scarce and themes linked to the Brazilian reality are missing, despite having social policies present in the curricula. Currently, DCNs have a much greater impact on courses due to the influence of the control agencies, fruit of current educational policy, and the result is felt in the homogenization of curriculum discourses
Resumo:
The knowledge of the phytoplankton community, as an integral and dynamic processes of eutrophication, provides information essential for proper management and handling. A growing problem of cyanobacteria in reservoirs around the world as a result of artificial eutrophication processes, generating a particular concern, because some species produce cyanotoxins, which can cause adverse effects on human health. The present work aims to characterize the spatial and temporal dynamics of phytoplankton, assessing their potential as ecological indicator of water quality in reservoirs semiarid region. The samples of water were collected monthly between 2009 and 2011, at three points along the dam Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves / RN. In each sample were measured physico - chemical analysis of water and biological components. We conducted a scientific dissemination activity, with distribution and reading primer on eutrophication, informative talk about water quality, questionnaires and performing a play in a public school in the city of Itajá / RN. The reservoir was considered eutrophic in three points, taking into account the values of chlorophyll -a and phosphorus, adopted to characterize eutrophic environments of semi-arid areas. High density of cyanobacteria, with a maximum value of 2.227.862 cél.ml- 1 and minimum of 43.456 cél.ml- 1 was recorded in lentic and semilêntico points throughout the study, exceeding the levels of drinking water (20.000 cél.ml- 1) established in 2.914/2011 Ordinance of the Ministry of Health of Brazil. All samples contained microcystin, and 44 % had values superiores1μg L- 1. The thermal pattern of the water column showed micro stratifications with differences of less than 1 ° C from five feet deep. The distribution pattern was the type profile clinogrado with oxygen deficit in the bottom of the reservoir. Oxiclina from 10 meters depth was observed during the rainy season (May-June) in the two years of study. The phytoplankton community was represented by 10 functional groups: S1, M, H1, Lo, P, F, Sn, P, W2 and R. The assessment of the ecological status of the system by the index Q showed poor water quality. The results of the study show that the vertical variations were less pronounced than the seasonal variations of cyanobacteria and phytoplankton community in general in the reservoir. The presence of cyanotoxins confirms the need for the monitoring of water quality and measures to reduce eutrophication in water supply reservoirs semiarid RN and demonstrates the challenge for water managers and health authorities to ensure water quality and consequently minimize risks to human health. Compared to the lecture, the primer was considered more efficient in sensitizing the participants, featuring a dynamic practice, differentiated learning, create opportunities for students to rethink attitudes of respect and care for the environment, and shall have the opportunity to learn the subject content from your reality and living environment. The knowledge generated from the activity of scientific were seen as essential for raising awareness of some of the region`s environmental problems , such as eutrophication
Resumo:
Purpose: To describe the implantation of the red reflex test in 30 cities in the area of Botucatu Medical School Clinical Hospital, (480,337 inhabitants) and the creation of a reference Center for children with red reflex changes, the Red reflex screening and another Center for treatment of childhood cataract.Methods: The red reflex exam was released in 30 cities of the surrounding Botucatu area, lectures were done in the cities invited to participate by the Regional Department of Health. 109 pen torch ophthalmoscopes were distributed to the hospital maternities and primary care units. The Red reflex screening attended cases of altered or doubtful red reflex and established the diagnosis. The Center for treatment of childhood cataract performed the preoperative examination, surgical treatment and follow-up of children with cataracts.Results: After one year the Red reflex screening attended 29 children, 17 males and 12 females, mean age and pattern deviation (PD) of 10.09 +/- 20.35 months (7 days - 98 months old). 16 patients were referred with altered red reflex, with a mean age and pattern deviation of 13.17 +/- 24.14 months (7 days - 98 months old). The alteration was confirmed in all of these cases. 13 children had cataract. In 13 children with doubtful exam, with a mean age and PD of 6.29 +/- 14.46 months (7 days - 54 months old), the alteration was not confirmed in any of these patients. The incidence of negative red reflex found among newborns was 9.2/10,000 and the incidence cataracts in this same group was 7.9/10,000.Conclusion: We described the implantation of the red reflex exam in the Botucatu area, and the creation of a reference Center for eye examination of children with changes in the red reflex, and the creation of a reference Center for treatment of childhood cataract and difficulties.
Resumo:
O propósito deste artigo é demonstrar a importância e a operacionalidade dos conceitos de circuito espacial produtivo e círculos de cooperação no espaço, num momento histórico em que as esferas da produção e da troca tornam-se geograficamente mais dispersas, fazendo da circulação uma prioridade e um campo de atuação estratégica de Estados e empresas. Procura-se alcançar esse objetivo em três passos: 1) elaboração de uma discussão teórica com base nos autores que propuseram e procuraram desenvolver os conceitos; 2) proposição de uma distinção entre circuito espacial produtivo e cadeia produtiva; 3) uma breve análise da produção agrícola moderna em áreas de fronteira agrícola no território brasileiro à luz dessa teoria.
Resumo:
Este artigo relata os resultados de um estudo realizado com alunas de graduação em Letras, Português - Língua Estrangeira (Inglês, Espanhol, Italiano, Japonês, Francês e Alemão). Objetivou verificar as metáforas, regras da prática e princípios que as alunas identificaram durante um processo de reflexão sobre suas formações profissionais. Foi possível identificar o impacto desses elementos em seus processos individuais de desenvolvimento de identidades como professoras. O resultado foi um conjunto de histórias biográficas escritas (fontes de experiências) nas quais as participantes se baseavam para constituir suas identidades profissionais como professoras de línguas estrangeiras. Nesses processos, elas puderam construir ligações significativas entre os aspectos teóricos evidenciados nas leituras que realizaram durante o período da pesquisa e os vários eventos marcantes de suas narrativas orais acerca da carreira profissional. A associação dos vários aspectos de suas histórias pessoais às questões teóricas que foram discutidas durante a pesquisa revela processos de construções de identidades profissionais como professoras de línguas estrangeiras.
Resumo:
Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão a respeito de algumas concepções teóricas de autoridade e hierarquia, e de como essas concepções se constituem em elementos da cultura escolar que é construída na interação cotidiana, definindo formas diferenciadas de participação nas escolas. Parte do pressuposto de que a escola, como organização burocrática, tem em sua estrutura um corpo de princípios e valores dados pelo sistema educacional, por meio de leis, decretos e papéis formalmente estabelecidos, e um outro corpo de princípios e valores construídos e reelaborados no seu interior, pelos participantes do processo educacional, formando a cultura escolar. Assim, o grau de participação nas escolas se definiria em razão das concepções que seriam compartilhadas e construídas nesse processo de constituição da cultura escolar.
Resumo:
O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi propor uma reflexão sobre o processo a ser utilizado para a elaboração de um léxico bilíngüe na subárea de cardiologia. Para tanto, tomamos como base os conceitos dos estudos da tradução baseados em corpus, da lingüística de corpus e da terminologia. Como material para compor os corpora utilizamos artigos de cardiologia escritos em português e traduzidos para o inglês, assim como artigos originalmente escritos em português e em inglês. Com base no léxico proposto, pudemos notar algumas diferenças e algumas correspondências de uso entre os termos que aparecem no subcorpus de estudo de textos originais e traduzidos e nos corpora comparáveis em português e em inglês. Essa diferença apontaria que os termos não seriam unívocos dentro dessa linguagem de especialidade devido às diferenças de uso pelos especialistas de cardiologia para designar um mesmo referente.
Resumo:
Um dos postulados da linguística do início do século XX é o de que o objeto da linguística deveria identificar-se com a parte homogênea dos fenômenos observáveis. Na segunda metade desse século, a sociolinguística representou uma ruptura significativa com o formalismo teórico mediante a introdução do conceito de variável linguística, mas, ao mesmo tempo, dele se aproximou ao adotar o conceito de regra variável. Este trabalho pretende discutir criticamente essa posição encarecendo a necessidade de repropor mais plenamente o falante enquanto agente condutor de seu próprio discurso e, consequentemente, a noção de variável linguística como o espaço privilegiado da construção do significado social da linguagem.
Resumo:
O autor faz um estudo sobre os aspectos mais importantes da história da educação escolar no Brasil, desde o período colonial até o final do regime militar, buscando estabelecer uma ligação entre cada período histórico e a legislação educacional em vigor.
Resumo:
Este texto é uma reflexão sobre as crenças do professor que condicionam sua ação cotidiana e influenciam/determinam seus saberes/ações, tanto para o sucesso como para o insucesso escolar. Conhecêlas e interpretá-las pode ser um caminho ou um movimento para a transformação do trabalho docente. A partir dos conceitos de crenças, cotidiano, não-cotidiano e alienação, analisamos um trabalho realizado em uma escola da rede de ensino público paulista. O trabalho se constituiu de uma assessoria a um grupo de professores. Foi possível uma reflexão sobre as crenças e a postura dos professores, reflexão essa que indica perspectivas de mudanças.