Avaliação de Riscos : Estimação Qualitativa da Probabilidade e da Gravidade em Contexto de Risco Elevado

O processo de gestão de risco consiste, no estudo estruturado de todos os aspetos inerentes ao trabalho e é composto pela análise de risco, avaliação de risco e controlo de risco. Na análise de risco, é efetuada a identificação de todos os perigos presentes e a estimação da probabilidade e da gravidade, de acordo com o método de avaliação de risco escolhido. Este estudo centra-se na primeira etapa do processo de avaliação de risco, mais especificamente na análise de risco e nos marcadores de informação necessários para se efetuar a estimação de risco na industria extrativa a céu aberto (atividade de risco elevado). Considerando que o nível de risco obtido, depende fundamentalmente da estimação da probabilidade e da gravidade, ajustada a cada situação de risco, procurou-se identificar os marcadores e compreender a sua influência nos resultados da avaliação de risco (magnitude). O plano de trabalhos de investigação foi sustentado por uma metodologia qualitativa de recolha, registo e análise dos dados. Neste estudo, a recolha de informação foi feita com recurso às seguintes técnicas de investigação: - Observação estruturada e planeada do desmonte da rocha com recurso a explosivos; - Entrevista individual de formadores e gestores de risco (amostragem de casos típicos); Na análise e discussão qualitativa dos dados das entrevistas recorreu-se às seguintes técnicas: - Triangulação de analistas e tratamento de dados cognitiva (técnicas complementares); - Aposição dos marcadores de informação, versus, três métodos de avaliação de risco validados. Os resultados obtidos apontam no sentido das hipóteses de investigação formuladas, ou seja, o tipo de risco influi da seleção da informação e, existem diferenças significativas no nível de risco obtido, quando na estimação da probabilidade e da gravidade são utilizados marcadores de informação distintos.

Value management and post-occupancy evaluation: closing the loop

This paper considers the relationship between value management and facilities management. The findings are particularly relevant to large client organisations which procure new buildings on a regular basis. It is argued that the maximum effectiveness of value management can only be achieved if it is used in conjunction with an ongoing commitment to post-occupancy evaluation. SMART value management is seen to provide the means of ensuring that an individual building design is in alignment with the client’s strategic property needs. However, it is also necessary to recognise that an organisation’s strategic property needs will continually be in a state of change. Consequentially, economic and functional under-performance can only be avoided by a regular performance audit of existing property stock in accordance with changing requirements. Such a policy will ensure ongoing competitiveness through organisational learning. While post-occupancy evaluation represents an obvious additional service to be provided by value management consultants, it is vital that the necessary additional skills are acquired. Process management skills and social science research techniques are clearly important. However, there is also a need to improve mechanisms for data manipulation. Success can only be achieved if equal attention is given to issues of process, structure and content.

Risk management in software projects through Knowledge Management techniques: Cases in Brazilian Incubated Technology-Based Firms

In businesses such as the software industry, which uses knowledge as a resource, activities are knowledge intensive, requiring constant adoption of new technologies and practices. Another feature of this environment is that the industry is particularly susceptible to failure; with this in mind, the objective of this research is to analyze the integration of Knowledge Management techniques into the activity of risk management as it applies to software development projects of micro and small Brazilian incubated technology-based firms. Research methods chosen were the Multiple Case Study. The main risk factor for managers and developers is that scope or goals are often unclear or misinterpreted. For risk management, firms have found that Knowledge Management techniques of conversion combination would be the most applicable for use; however, those most commonly used refer to the conversion mode as internalization.. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. APM and IPMA.

Análise de riscos envolvendo reações exotérmicas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Mapeamento do processo de originação de etanol em uma empresa do setor de distribuição de combustíveis

The market segment of fuel distribution composes an important role in the development of Brazil’s industry and economy. However, it is a sector with intense competitiveness, especially in relation to ethanol. The search for competitive advantage and greater strength to the business are, therefore, of high relevance in this context, in which the concepts of Business Process Management has become more visible. Process Mapping, one of these concepts, has proven “TO BE”a strategic tool for companies which believe in flattening the structure and in the potential benefits that the improvement of its processes can provide. Thus, this work aims to map the process of Ethanol Origination of a company engaged in the distribution of this and other fuel products, and other niche markets. It was understood and designed the macro-process aforementioned and identified failures in subprocess related to it. After applying the method to select priority problems, using risk assessment criteria, five subprocess were identified to receive special action, which consisted in seeking improvements with those involved in the process, in representing its current and ideal models and in defining each department’s responsibilities for the activities in the subprocess proposed form. Thus, it is expected to mitigate mainly two negative effects found in the business: employee’s work overload and company's financial exposure

Evaluation of maturity levels in the management of product development: case studies in the capital goods industry

In recent approaches to the management of product development process (PDP), maturity levels have attracted the attention of practitioners and researchers. The CMMI model contributes to evaluate the maturity levels and improvement of the product development process management. This paper, based on CMMI model, analyzes the practices adopted in two companies of the capital goods industry, which develop and manufacture equipment upon request. It was observed that on account of market conditioning factors and different practices adapted to PDP management, these companies are at different maturity levels. One company is at the initial level of maturity while the other at the most advanced one. It was also noted that the application of CMMI model can provide improvement to PDP management, as well as present guidelines to achieve higher maturity levels, adequate to companies' needs.

The HOSHIN KANRI TREE. Cross-Plant Lean Shopfloor Management

Shopfloor Management (SM) empowerment methodologies have traditionally focused on two aspects: goal achievement following rigid structures, such as SQDCME, or evolutional aspects of empowerment factors away from strategic goal achievement. Furthermore, SM Methodologies have been organized almost solely around the hierarchical structure of the organization, failing systematically to cope with the challenges that Industry 4.0 is facing. The latter include the growing complexity of value-stream networks, sustainable empowerment of the workforce (Learning Factory), an autonomous and intelligent process management (Smart Factory), the need to cope with the increasing complexity of value-stream networks (VSN) and the leadership paradigm shift to strategic alignment. This paper presents a novel Lean SM Method (LSM) called ?HOSHIN KANRI Tree? (HKT), which is based on standardization of the communication patterns among process owners (POs) by PDCA. The standardization of communication patterns by HKT technology should bring enormous benefits in value stream (VS) performance, speed of standardization and learning rates to the Industry 4.0 generation of organizations. These potential advantages of HKT are being tested at present in worldwide research.

A aplicação do Gerenciamento de Riscos nas PMEs na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo

Este estudo analisa a utilização do gerenciamento de riscos em algumas Empresas de Pequeno e Médio Porte (PMEs) na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo. A análise do risco empresarial possui uma crescente importância e ela pode contribuir fortemente para a continuidade dos negócios. A capacidade para gerenciar os riscos do negócio em relação ás inevitáveis incertezas e com uma valorização futura dos resultados é um fator substancial de vantagem competitiva. Este processo de geração de valor providencia a disciplina e ferramentas de administração dos riscos empresariais permitindo a criação de valor para sua organização. As Metodologias de Análise de Risco, em sua maioria, são aplicadas para grandes corporações. Uma das motivações desse trabalho é verificar o grau de utilidade dessas metodologias para as empresas PMEs escolhidas para a pesquisa em São Bernardo do Campo. O estudo é desenvolvido por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e pesquisa exploratória nas empresas escolhidas. Após as pesquisas, foi feita uma análise qualitativa utilizando o método de estudo de casos. Finalmente, conclui-se que as empresas pesquisadas de São Bernardo do Campo, podem obter vantagens significativas ao implantar metodologias de gerenciamento de risco. Todas as empresas pesquisadas possuem mais de dez anos e consideram importante controlar a continuidade de seus negócios.

A aplicação do Gerenciamento de Riscos nas PMEs na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo

Este estudo analisa a utilização do gerenciamento de riscos em algumas Empresas de Pequeno e Médio Porte (PMEs) na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo. A análise do risco empresarial possui uma crescente importância e ela pode contribuir fortemente para a continuidade dos negócios. A capacidade para gerenciar os riscos do negócio em relação ás inevitáveis incertezas e com uma valorização futura dos resultados é um fator substancial de vantagem competitiva. Este processo de geração de valor providencia a disciplina e ferramentas de administração dos riscos empresariais permitindo a criação de valor para sua organização. As Metodologias de Análise de Risco, em sua maioria, são aplicadas para grandes corporações. Uma das motivações desse trabalho é verificar o grau de utilidade dessas metodologias para as empresas PMEs escolhidas para a pesquisa em São Bernardo do Campo. O estudo é desenvolvido por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e pesquisa exploratória nas empresas escolhidas. Após as pesquisas, foi feita uma análise qualitativa utilizando o método de estudo de casos. Finalmente, conclui-se que as empresas pesquisadas de São Bernardo do Campo, podem obter vantagens significativas ao implantar metodologias de gerenciamento de risco. Todas as empresas pesquisadas possuem mais de dez anos e consideram importante controlar a continuidade de seus negócios.

A Construction Management Framework for Mass Customisation in Traditional Construction

A Mass Customisation model is discussed as a competitive positioning strategy in the marketplace adding value to the customer’s end-use. It includes the user as part of the construction process responding to the customer’s demands and wishes. To the present day, almost all proposals for Mass Customisation have been focused on the design phase and single family houses. The reality is that the processes carried out in the work execution are so inefficient that the costs of the Mass Customisation models are assumed by the customer and they do not offer solutions that support the change management. Furthermore, this inefficiency often makes Mass Customisation unfeasible in terms of deadlines and site management. Therefore, the present proposal focuses on achieving the paradigm of Mass Customisation in the traditional residential construction complementary to the existing proposals in the design phase. All this through the proposal of a framework for the integral management in the work execution, which will address change management introduced by the users offering an efficient and productive model that reduces costs in the process. This model will focus on the synergy between different strategies, techniques and technologies currently used in the construction management (such as Lean Construction or Six Sigma), together with, other strategies and technologies that have proven to be valid solutions in other fields (such as Business Process Management, Service Oriented Architecture, etc.).

Action research to explore perceptions of risk in project management

Uses research in a major UK company on the introduction of an electronic document management system to explore perceptions of, and attitudes to, risk. Phenomenological methods were used; with subsequent dialogue transcripts evaluated with Winmax dialogue software, using an adapted theoretical framework based upon an analysis of the literature. The paper identifies a number of factors, and builds a framework, that should support a greater understanding of risk assessment and project management by the academic community and practitioners.

A aplicação do Gerenciamento de Riscos nas PMEs na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo

Este estudo analisa a utilização do gerenciamento de riscos em algumas Empresas de Pequeno e Médio Porte (PMEs) na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo. A análise do risco empresarial possui uma crescente importância e ela pode contribuir fortemente para a continuidade dos negócios. A capacidade para gerenciar os riscos do negócio em relação ás inevitáveis incertezas e com uma valorização futura dos resultados é um fator substancial de vantagem competitiva. Este processo de geração de valor providencia a disciplina e ferramentas de administração dos riscos empresariais permitindo a criação de valor para sua organização. As Metodologias de Análise de Risco, em sua maioria, são aplicadas para grandes corporações. Uma das motivações desse trabalho é verificar o grau de utilidade dessas metodologias para as empresas PMEs escolhidas para a pesquisa em São Bernardo do Campo. O estudo é desenvolvido por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e pesquisa exploratória nas empresas escolhidas. Após as pesquisas, foi feita uma análise qualitativa utilizando o método de estudo de casos. Finalmente, conclui-se que as empresas pesquisadas de São Bernardo do Campo, podem obter vantagens significativas ao implantar metodologias de gerenciamento de risco. Todas as empresas pesquisadas possuem mais de dez anos e consideram importante controlar a continuidade de seus negócios.

Re-engineering construction communication in distance management framework

In an exploding and fluctuating construction market, managers are facing a challenge, which is how to manage business on a wider scale and to utilize modern developments in information technology to promote productivity. The extraordinary development of telecommunications and computer technology makes it possible for people to plan, lead, control, organize and manage projects from a distance without the need to be on site on a daily basis. A modern management known as distance management (DM) or remote management is emerging. Physical distance no longer determines the boundary of management since managers can now operate projects through virtual teams that organize manpower, material and production without face-to-face communication. What organization prototype could overcome psychological and physical barriers to reengineer a successful project through information technology? What criteria distinguishes the adapted way of communication of individual activities in a teamwork and assist the integration of an efficient and effective communication between face-to-face and a physical distance? The entire methodology has been explained through a case application on refuse incineration plant projects in Taiwan.

Re-engineering materials management: a case study on an Indian refinery

Materials management function is always a major concern to the management of any industrial organisation as high inventory and an inefficient procurement process affect the profitability to a great extent. Problems multiply due to a very current business environment in India. Hence, existing materials planning and procurement processes and inventory management systems require a re-look with respect to a changing business environment. This study shows a radical improvement in materials management function of an Indian petroleum refinery through business process re-engineering (BPR) by analysing current processes, identifying key issues, deriving paradigm shifts and developing re-engineered processes through customer value analysis. BPR has been carried out on existing processes of “materials planning and procurement” and “warehousing and surplus disposal”. The re-engineered processes for materials management function trigger a few improvement projects that were identified by the group of executives who took part in the re-engineering exercise. Those projects were implemented in an integrated framework with the application of the state of art information technology tools.