999 resultados para Peixe - Nomenclatura


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Methomyl (Lannate®) is an insecticide from the carbamate group, frequently used in pest control in various types of crops. This compound works inhibiting the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The use of physicochemical and ecotoxicological analysis is the most efficient strategy for the correct characterization and control of residues of metomil. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the acute toxicity of methomyl in 96 hours of exposure and, through a sublethal assay of 5 hours, to assess its effect on the activity of acetylcholinesterase present in brain and squeletic dorsal muscle of the Danio rerio fish. The results showed that the LC50-96 found to D. rerio was 3.4 mg/L and it was found through the average of four definitive tests. In vitro assays were used to test the inhibitory action of methomyl directly over soluble AChE, extracted from the squeletic dorsal muscle, with maximum inhibition of 68.57% to the insecticide concentrations of 0.2 mg/L. In sublethal tests with D. rerio, inhibitory effect of methomyl was found over the soluble form of AChE in the squeletic dorsal muscle, both in one and five hours of fish exposure to the insecticide. In both period, the average values of inhibition were around 61%. In the same condition, no significant inhibitory effect of methomyl soluble and membrane AChE of the D. rerio was observed in the 0.42, 0.85, 1.70 and 2.50 mg/L concentrations and in both times of fish exposure

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The Caatinga biome is rich in endemic fish species fauna. The present study the results of fish faunal surveys conducted in the hydrographic basin of Piranhas-Assu of the Brazilian Caatinga biome. The fish samples collected were distributed in four orders (Characiformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes and Synbranchiformes), 11 families (Characidae, Curimatidae, Auchenipteridae, Anostomidae, Prochilodontidae, Erythrinidae, Cichlidae, Sciaenidae, Heptapteridae, Loricariidae, Synbranchidae) and 22 species, of which 17 are endemic and five have been introduced from other basins. The order Characiformes was the most representative in number of species (46,35% ) followed by Perciformes (35,38%), Siluriformes (17,44%) and Synbranchiformes (0,5%). The Nile tilapia, Oreochomis niloticus, the only exotic species, was most expressive in number of individuals (24.92%) followed by the native species piau preto, Leporinus piau (18,77 %). Considering the relative frequency of occurrence of the 22 species, 13 were constant, five were accessory and four were occasional. This study investigated the reproductive ecology of an endemic fish black piau, Leporinus piau from the Marechal Dutra reservoir, Acari, Rio Grande do Norte. Samplings were done on a monthly basis from January to December 2009, and a total of 211 specimens were captured. The environmental parameters such as rainfall, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen of water were recorded. The sampled population showed a slight predominance of males (55%), however females were larger and heavier. Both sexes of L. piau showed positive allometric growth, indicating a higher increase of weight than length. The first sexual maturation of males occurred at smaller size, with 16.5 cm in total length than females (20.5 cm). During the reproductive period, the condition factor and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of L. piau were negatively correlated. This species has large oocytes with a high mean fecundity of 54.966 with synchronous oocyte development and total spawning

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The reproductive ecology of fish plays a key role both for rational exploitation methods and for protective measures of natural stocks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the reproductive aspects of the damsel-fish, Stegastes fuscus, during October 2004 to September 2005, in the coastal rocky reefs of Búzios Beach, Nísia Floresta, RN. Fish were captured using hooks and hand nets, during low tide. Reproduction was determined using sexual ratio, mean length of first maturation (L50), absolute fecundity and macroscopic characteristics of gonads. The following parameters were related to gonadosomatic index (GSI): condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), rain fall and temperature. In relation to sex distribution, it was observed that 78% were females and 22% were males. The L50 was 6.2 cm for females and 7.0 for males. Average fecundity was 6832 oocytes. Results showed that S. fuscus had better body condition in the months prior to spawning, particularly during initial and intermediate stages of maturation. Five stages of gonadal maturation were identified through macroscopic analysis: immature, in maturation, mature, spent and resting. The HSI was inversely related to the GSI. This was possibly due to the reproductive cycle of this species which was associated to the dry period of this region. During this period, low rain fall and high temperatures provide an propitious reproductive condition for the study species

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, 2016.

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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica

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A hipertensão arterial e o Diabetes Mellitus constituem doenças crônicas não transmissíveis multifatoriais com uma alta incidência e prevalência em todo o mundo. Sua aparição e evolução estão associadas muitas vezes a outras doenças tendo complicações que repercutem na qualidade de vida daqueles pacientes que a padecem, além de ocasionar uma elevada morbimortalidade na população, por suas complicações nos diferentes órgãos e a repercussão para a saúde individual e familiar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar um projeto de intervenção para diminuir a incidência e prevalência destas doenças e suas complicações em Sem Peixe, MG, constituindo um problema prioritário de saúde, utilizando o método do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional com o propósito de desenvolver ações de promoção e prevenção para elevar o conhecimento dos pacientes e famílias sobre a doença, sua evolução e controle de fatores de riscos associados, estimulando a modificação de estilos de vida, o uso adequado de medicamentos e elevando a atenção de qualidade nos pacientes nos serviços de saúde. Nosso estudo permite identificar aqueles fatores de riscos associados a hipertensão arterial e Diabetes Mellitus que repercutem em sua saúde integral.

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No mundo atual, o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico tem contribuído para o aumento da prevalência das doenças crônico-degenerativas, dentre essas a Hipertensão Arterial, em decorrência do aumento da expectativa de vida da população. Este trabalho tem por objetivo elaborar um plano de ação com vistas à redução da incidência da Hipertensão Arterial da população, ao identificar os seus principais fatores determinantes. Os profissionais da Estratégia de Saúde da Família devem atuar na promoção da saúde e prevenção da Hipertensão Arterial intervindo sobre os fatores de risco cardiovasculares associados à alimentação inadequada, estresse, falta de atividade física, alcoolismo e tabagismo, e envolvendo os familiares em ações educativas para que se tornem motivadores da adesão dos pacientes aos métodos terapêuticos propostos. Estratégias lúdicas, grupos, palestras educativas, apoio físico, psicológico e a atuação de uma equipe multiprofissional são de grande importância para se alcançar resultados significativos junto aos pacientes, sua família e a população em geral. Para elaborar essa proposta de intervenção foi realizado um diagnóstico por meio do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional utilizando a metodologia de estimativa rápida. A partir deste planejamento foram elaboradas as operações sobre os nós críticos (processo de trabalho da equipe de saúde, estrutura dos serviços de saúde, hábitos e estilos de vida, nível de informação) do problema da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, da população sob responsabilidade da Equipe de Saúde da Família de Rio de Peixe, Cambuí, Minas Gerais. A elaboração deste Plano de Intervenção abordando a assistência prestada aos pacientes portadores de Hipertensão Arterial e o grupo risco para a doença nesta área de abrangência foi de extrema importância para criação das ações a serem executadas pela equipe multiprofissional, contando com o apoio de parcerias locais. Com a implantação deste plano de intervenção almeja-se atender o objetivo de proporcionar melhorias na qualidade de vida e saúde dos pacientes

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Remotely sensed imagery has been widely used for land use/cover classification thanks to the periodic data acquisition and the widespread use of digital image processing systems offering a wide range of classification algorithms. The aim of this work was to evaluate some of the most commonly used supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms under different landscape patterns found in Rondônia, including (1) areas of mid-size farms, (2) fish-bone settlements and (3) a gradient of forest and Cerrado (Brazilian savannah). Comparison with a reference map based on the kappa statistics resulted in good to superior indicators (best results - K-means: k=0.68; k=0.77; k=0.64 and MaxVer: k=0.71; k=0.89; k=0.70 respectively for three areas mentioned). Results show that choosing a specific algorithm requires to take into account both its capacity to discriminate among various spectral signatures under different landscape patterns as well as a cost/benefit analysis considering the different steps performed by the operator performing a land cover/use map. it is suggested that a more systematic assessment of several options of implementation of a specific project is needed prior to beginning a land use/cover mapping job.

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A revision of the Brazilian species of Lonchocarpus s. str. is presented. This study is based on field observation and an analysis of approximately 1,200 herbarium collections. Nine species are recognized, L. cultratus, L. hedyosmus, L. latifolius, L. macrocarpus, L. nitidus, L. pluvialis, L. sericeus, L. spiciflorus, and L. violaceus, which grow in forests and are usually associated with river banks. Lonchocarpus sericeus and L. cultratus have a wide distribution throughout Brazil, whereas L. hedyosmus, L. macrocarpus, L. spiciflorus, and L. latifolius are restricted to the Amazonian domain. Lonchocarpus pluvialis occurs in the Central-West (Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás) and Southeast (São Paulo) regions. Lonchocarpus violaceus is found in the states of Bahia and Espírito Santo, and is reported for the first time for Brazil. Identification keys, descriptions, and illustrations, in addition to information about habitat, geographic distribution and taxonomic and nomenclatural comments, are provided for the species. Four new synonyms and five lectotypifications are proposed.

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A new species of dactylogyrid monogenean, Apedunculata discoidea gen. n., sp. n. is described and illustrated from the gills of the freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) in pisciculture ponds from Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. Diagnostic characters of the new genus and species are: 1) vagina dextrolateral slightly sclerotised, opening anteriorly at level of copulatory complex; 2) copulatory organ coiled with two counterclockwise rings; 3) Accessory piece distal and not articulated; 4) body disk-shaped, lacking a peduncle.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física