O limiar de esforço percebido (LEP) corresponde à potência crítica e a um indicador de máximo estado estável de consumo de oxigěnio

The perceived exertion has been a target of several investigations, many times with association with objective physiological indicators in exercise. Recently, the identification of the perceived exertion threshold (PET) was proposed in the water running, which presented no difference in relation to the critical velocity. Theoretically, both parameters would be indicators of the maximum steady state of variables such as V̇O2 and blood lactate. The objective of this work was to verify the coincidence between PET, critical power (PCrit) and an indicator of maximum V̇O2 steady state (PCrit') in cycle ergometer. Eight male participants were submitted to progressive effort test in order to determine V̇O2peak (46.7 ± 8.5 ml/kg/min) and to four rectangular tests until exhaustion for the estimation of the critical power model parameters, PET and PCrit'. The hyperbolic relation between mechanical power and time spent for the V̇O2peak to be reached in each test was used for the PCrit' estimation, considered as the asymptote in the power axis, and the portion of the anaerobic work capacity (CTAnaer) depleted up to the establishment of the V̇O2peak (CTAnaer'). In order to identify PET, the straight lines angular coefficients of the perceived exertion in time (ordinate) and the powers used (abscissa) were adjusted to a linear function that provided a point in the power axis in which the perceived exertion would be kept indefinitely stable. The parameters PCrit and CTAnaer were estimated by means of the power-time non-linear equation. In order to compare the estimations of PET, PCrit and PCrit', the analysis of variance ANOVA for repeated measurements was employed, and the associations were established through the Pearson correlation. CTAnaer and CTAnaer' were compared through the t test. PET (180 W ± 61 W), PCrit (174 W ± 43 W) and PCrit' (176 W ± 48 W) were not significantly different and the correlations were of 0.92-0.98. CTAnaer' (14,080 ± 5,219 J) was lower than CTAnaer (22,093 ± 9,042 J). One concludes that the PET predicts the intensity of PCrit and PCrit' with accuracy.

Inequality in Central America in the 1990s

Includes bibliography

Análise da Casa do Caminho

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Conservação de energia em sistemas de iluminação pública e os seus efeitos na rede elétrica de distribuição

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Estudo sobre alterações vocais em professores da rede estadual de ensino da cidade de Bauru-SP

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

A mulher trabalhadora rural do Assentamento de Reforma Agrária João Batista II, em Castanhal – PA

Nesta dissertação discutiu-se a mulher no meio rural a partir da experiência das trabalhadoras do assentamento de reforma agrária João Batista II. O referido assentamento está localizado no município de Castanhal, no nordeste do Pará. Analisaram-se vários aspectos da vida das mulheres assentadas, como: renda, faixa etária, ocupação, escolaridade, estado civil, entre outros. A questão central deste estudo, contudo, relacionava-se com as condições em que se processava o trabalho da mulher no assentamento. A partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, objetivou-se desvendar as formas e ideologias que sustentam a dominação do masculino sobre o feminino no meio rural. Verificou-se que a mulher assentada trabalha tanto ou mais que o homem, porém, na maioria das vezes, esse trabalho não é reconhecido. Neste sentido ocorre uma relativa invisibilidade da contribuição feminina nas áreas de reforma agrária. Nas ocasiões em que as assentadas são remuneradas, o valor pago a elas é inferior ao do homem pelo mesmo trabalho realizado.

O Programa Escola de Tempo Integral na região de Assis: implicações para a qualidade do ensino

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Gestão de riscos baseada no conhecimento: modelo conceitual para empresas de desenvolvimento de software

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Tempo de trabalho e sindicalismo: uma análise da ação sindical na questão do tempo de trabalho (1980-200)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sistema de proteção superficial de estruturas de concreto de usinas hidrelétricas para controle da reação álcali-agregado

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Maintenance of Manioc Diversity by Traditional Farmers in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil: A 20-Year Comparison

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A presença das mulheres nas ciências exatas

Most well-known and studied names in schoolbooks are men's. It gives one the idea that the world of numbers does not belong to female individuals. In order to verify that this thought is a misconception, a research is carried out about women who, despite all prejudice, have faced many adversities, leaving us many contributions on exact sciences and being relevant until the present date. Nowadays, there is not as much sexual discrimination. Women’s under-representation in exact sciences is due to other motives, such as issues of choice and the option of part-time jobs for professional/familiar balance. Maybe because of this, women have little acknowledgment, as it can be seen in Nobel Prize, where of its 851 awards, only 44 were for women. They are present at different degrees of education, such as licentiate graduation, bachelor’s or master’s, but still outnumbered. The number of female graduates was higher than male’s, according to collected data from Mathematics licentiate graduation Department from 2000 until 2012 in UNESP, Guaratinguetá campus

Attracting and Retaining Workers in Rural Communities

Many rural communities focus their development efforts on job creation. In the non-metropolitan portions of the Northern Great Plains, job creation efforts in the first half of this decade were quite successful. According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA, 2005), 167 of the 223 non-metropolitan counties in Nebraska, North Dakota and South Dakota saw an actual aggregate increase in total jobs (full and part-time) of 28,734, between the years 2001 and 2005.

Design of alternative energy storage systems for hybrid vehicles based on statistical processing of driving cycles information

Hybrid vehicles represent the future for automakers, since they allow to improve the fuel economy and to reduce the pollutant emissions. A key component of the hybrid powertrain is the Energy Storage System, that determines the ability of the vehicle to store and reuse energy. Though electrified Energy Storage Systems (ESS), based on batteries and ultracapacitors, are a proven technology, Alternative Energy Storage Systems (AESS), based on mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic devices, are gaining interest because they give the possibility of realizing low-cost mild-hybrid vehicles. Currently, most literature of design methodologies focuses on electric ESS, which are not suitable for AESS design. In this contest, The Ohio State University has developed an Alternative Energy Storage System design methodology. This work focuses on the development of driving cycle analysis methodology that is a key component of Alternative Energy Storage System design procedure. The proposed methodology is based on a statistical approach to analyzing driving schedules that represent the vehicle typical use. Driving data are broken up into power events sequence, namely traction and braking events, and for each of them, energy-related and dynamic metrics are calculated. By means of a clustering process and statistical synthesis methods, statistically-relevant metrics are determined. These metrics define cycle representative braking events. By using these events as inputs for the Alternative Energy Storage System design methodology, different system designs are obtained. Each of them is characterized by attributes, namely system volume and weight. In the last part the work, the designs are evaluated in simulation by introducing and calculating a metric related to the energy conversion efficiency. Finally, the designs are compared accounting for attributes and efficiency values. In order to automate the driving data extraction and synthesis process, a specific script Matlab based has been developed. Results show that the driving cycle analysis methodology, based on the statistical approach, allows to extract and synthesize cycle representative data. The designs based on cycle statistically-relevant metrics are properly sized and have satisfying efficiency values with respect to the expectations. An exception is the design based on the cycle worst-case scenario, corresponding to same approach adopted by the conventional electric ESS design methodologies. In this case, a heavy system with poor efficiency is produced. The proposed new methodology seems to be a valid and consistent support for Alternative Energy Storage System design.

Toward a Magnitude Scale for Low Frequency Seismicity The LP energy for Campi Flegrei caldera

The energy released during a seismic crisis in volcanic areas is strictly related to the physical processes in the volcanic structure. In particular Long Period seismicity, that seems to be related to the oscillation of a fluid-filled crack (Chouet , 1996, Chouet, 2003, McNutt, 2005), can precedes or accompanies an eruption. The present doctoral thesis is focused on the study of the LP seismicity recorded in the Campi Flegrei volcano (Campania, Italy) during the October 2006 crisis. Campi Flegrei Caldera is an active caldera; the combination of an active magmatic system and a dense populated area make the Campi Flegrei a critical volcano. The source dynamic of LP seismicity is thought to be very different from the other kind of seismicity ( Tectonic or Volcano Tectonic): it’s characterized by a time sustained source and a low content in frequency. This features implies that the duration–magnitude, that is commonly used for VT events and sometimes for LPs as well, is unadapted for LP magnitude evaluation. The main goal of this doctoral work was to develop a method for the determination of the magnitude for the LP seismicity; it’s based on the comparison of the energy of VT event and LP event, linking the energy to the VT moment magnitude. So the magnitude of the LP event would be the moment magnitude of a VT event with the same energy of the LP. We applied this method to the LP data-set recorded at Campi Flegrei caldera in 2006, to an LP data-set of Colima volcano recorded in 2005 – 2006 and for an event recorded at Etna volcano. Experimenting this method to lots of waveforms recorded at different volcanoes we tested its easy applicability and consequently its usefulness in the routinely and in the quasi-real time work of a volcanological observatory.