New species of fishes from Panama, by Seth Eugene Meek and Samuel F. Hildebrand.

v.10:no.8(1913)

The marine fishes of Panama. by Seth E. Meek and Samuel F. Hildebrand; Wilfred H. Osgood, editor

v.15:pt.2(1925)

(Table 2) Age determination of sediment cores from the Panama Basin

Application of the 230Th normalization method to estimate sediment burial fluxes in six cores from the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) reveals that bulk sediment and organic carbon fluxes display a coherent regional pattern during the Holocene that is consistent with modern oceanographic conditions, in contrast with estimates of bulk mass accumulation rates (MARs) derived from core chronologies. Two nearby sites (less than 10 km apart), which have different MARs, show nearly identical 230Th-normalized bulk fluxes. Focusing factors derived from the 230Th data at the foot of the Carnegie Ridge in the Panama Basin are >2 in the Holocene, implying that lateral sediment addition is significant in this part of the basin. New geochemical data and existing literature provide evidence for a hydrothermal source of sediment in the southern part of the Panama Basin and for downslope transport from the top of the Carnegie Ridge. The compilation of core records suggests that sediment focusing is spatially and temporally variable in the EEP. During oxygen isotope stage 2 (OIS 2, from 13-27 ka BP), focusing appears even higher compared to the Holocene at most sites, similar to earlier findings in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific. The magnitude of the glacial increase in focusing factors, however, is strongly dependent on the accuracy of age models. We offer two possible explanations for the increase in glacial focusing compared to the Holocene. The first one is that the apparent increase in lateral sediment redistribution is partly or even largely an artifact of insufficient age control in the EEP, while the second explanation, which assumes that the observed increase is real, involves enhanced deep sea tidal current flow during periods of low sea level stand.

La población de Panamá, estimaciones y proyecciones, 1961-2001 /

Includes bibliographical references.

U.S. policy toward Panama, 1903-present : questions of recognition and diplomatic relations and instances of U.S. intervention.

"Reprint from the Department of State Bulletin, April 22, 1974. Research Project no. 1066c (Revised)."

Long-term effects of beach nourishment on the benthic fauna of Panama City Beach, Florida /

The long-term effects of beach nourishment on the benthic infauna and surface sediments of Panama City beaches were investigated. Forty-seven stations located on nine transects between West Pass and Philips Inlet, and two nourishment borrow sites were sampled in November-December 1979 and May 1980. The data collected were compared to prenourishment base-line information collected by Saloman (1976). Abiotic parameters, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and salinity were measured. Sediments were analyzed for particle-size distribution, percent organic carbon and percent carbonate. Benthic macroinvertebrates were represented by 162 taxa of 14 major animal phyla. Species composition and faunal densities varied seasonally. Polychaetes and amphipods were the most abundant animal groups; a small number of species were dominant at nearly all stations. Species diversity was lowest in the swash zone and sandbar stations and highest offshore. Sediment composition was similar to that of Saloman's (1976) study within limits of sampling and processing errors. Faunal composition was found to be different from 1976 but was attributed to normal seasonal and spatial variations. Based on benthic community analyses and sediment parameters, no significant differences were found between nourishment borrow sites and surrounding areas and in the nearshore areas where beach nourishment was conducted. No long-term adverse effects of beach nourishment were detected. (Author).

Benthic community response to dredging borrow pits, Panama City Beach, Florida /

This report gives biological and physical oceanographic data from baseline work, and studies of dredged and undredged sediments before and after dredging (9-meter contour) for beach nourishment at Panama City Beach, Florida. These studies were designed to show major short-term environmental effects of offshore dredging and included analyses of hydrology, sediments, and benthos. (Author).

Agricultural development of Panama; analysis of current problems and recommendations for a program.

Cover title.

The Panama gateway,

Mode of access: Internet.

Annual report of the Board of Directors of the Panama Rail Road Company to the stockholders.

Mode of access: Internet.

The pirates of Panama; or, The buccaneers of America : a true account of the famous adventures and daring deeds of Sir Henry Morgan and other notorious freebooters of the Spanish Main /

"Originally written in Dutch ... and first published in Amsterdam in 1678 under the title of De Americaeneche [!] zee rovers ... The first English edition was printed in 1684 ... In arranging this edition, the original English text only has been used, and but few changes made ..." Introd.

The benthic fauna and sediments of the nearshore zone off Panama City Beach, Florida /

"August 1976."

Just Cause : Marine operations in Panama, 1988-1990 /

Includes index.

The Panama Democracy and Economic Recovery Act [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittees on International Economic Policy and Trade and on Western Hemisphere Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, on H.R. 4703, October 6, 1988.

CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 89 H381-34