Stricter regulation boosts exports: the case of Maximum Residue Levels in pesticides

Constructing an original panel on Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) in pesticides for 50 countries over 2006-2012, this paper studies the effect of heterogeneity in MRL regulation on bilateral trade. We find evidence of regulatory heterogeneity diminishing trade at the extensive margin when the exporter faces more stringent regulation abroad, suggesting compliance costs in entering the destination market. Significantly, however, we also find strong evidence of regulatory heterogeneity increasing trade at the intensive margin for exports coming from countries that set the strictest standards, alluding to the positive informative effect of such regulation.

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the Barents and White Seas

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants which can be derived from anthropogenic sources, such as combustion and discharges from extraction and transport, and natural processes, including leakage and erosion of fossil carbon. Natural PAH sources contribute, along with biological activities and terrestrial run-off, to the organic carbon content in sediments.The Barents Sea region is far from many anthropogenic sources of PAH, but production and trans-shipment of hydrocarbons is increasing. We present data for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in bottom sediments from 510 stations in the Barents and White Seas, and along the northern coast of Norway.

Biological effects and interactions of pesticides in a soil-plant-water microcosm /

Mode of access: Internet.

General information on applying for registration of pesticides in the United States.

"June, 1989."

New innovative pesticides : an evaluation of incentives and disincentives for commercial development by industry /

Mode of access: Internet.

Degradation of pesticides by algae /

Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Research Laboratory, Athens, Ga., under grant no. R800371.

Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in the Atchafalaya Basin, Louisiana /

"September 1979."

Determination of incinerator operating conditions necessary for safe disposal of pesticides /

Mode of access: Internet.

Polyurethane foam as trapping agent for airborne pesticides : analytical method development /

"Interagency agreement no. 78-D-XO449."

Regulating pesticides.

Mode of access: Internet.

Contamination of ground water by pesticides [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, August 11, 1988.

"100-78."

Evaluation of hose-end sprayers used for applying liquid pesticides /

Mode of access: Internet.