359 resultados para Materiality


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Il lavoro che presento propone un’analisi di una chiesa africana indipendente in Italia, la Celestial Church Of Christ Worldwide (CCCW), cercando di mettere in luce il nesso tra religione, migrazione e il processo di ‘plunting churches’ (Kooning 2009) nel contesto italiano. Attraverso una ricerca sul campo, sono stati indagati i percorsi personali, familiari e comunitari dei membri di una ‘Celestial Parish’ presente nel comune di Brescia, ‘Ileri Oluwa Parish’, al fine di comprendere la natura dei processi identitari coinvolti nell’organizzazione della CCC in Italia. ‘Ileri Oluwa Parish’, in quanto luogo che denota una ‘chiesa individuale collegata ad una Diocesi’ (CCC Constitution (CCC Constitution, 107 (d) si rivela, nella materialità delle sue forme e dei ‘Devotional Services’ che in essa si svolgono, a ‘field of action’ (Lefebvre, 1991). La storia della chiesa, i fondamenti della sua dottrina e i significati comunicati attraverso le forme rituali e religiose che la stessa promuove, sono stati contestualizzati alla luce delle tensioni e delle strategie di potere che strutturano il campo. Le storie dei membri della parrocchia, percorsi di migrazione e mobilità in itinere, rappresentano la lente attraverso cui si è guardato alle relazioni vissute nel nome dello ‘Spirito’, e alla percezione stessa di ciò che gli stessi Celestians definiscono sacro, santo, puro e impuro. Lo sguardo fisso alla vita ordinaria di una Celestial parish in Italia, esteso nell’ultima parte dell’elaborato alla Celestial parish londinese, è stato fondamentale per capire l’intreccio di relazioni spirituali, reti familiari e mobilità degli individui sul territorio italiano ed europeo, processo che ribalta la condizione diasporica della CCC, trasformando una condizione di dispersione in un valore aggiunto, nella possibilità di nuove traiettorie territoriali e spazi di presenza religiosa e socioeconomica.

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This thesis investigates the boundaries between body and object in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, seven children’s literature novels published between 1997 and 2007. Lord Voldemort, Rowling’s villain, creates Horcruxes—objects that contain fragments of his soul—in order to ensure his immortality. As vessels for human soul, these objects rupture the boundaries between body and object and become “things.” Using contemporary thing theorists including John Plotz and materialists Jean Baudrillard and Walter Benjamin, I look at Voldemort’s Horcruxes as transgressive, liminal, unclassifiable entities in the first chapter. If objects can occupy the juncture between body and object, then bodies can as well. Dementors and Inferi, dark creatures that Rowling introduces throughout the series, live devoid of soul. Voldemort, too, becomes a thing as he splits his soul and creates Horcruxes. These soulless bodies are uncanny entities, provoking fear, revulsion, nausea, and the loss of language. In the second chapter, I use Sigmund Freud’s theorization of the uncanny as well as literary critic Kelly Hurley to investigate how Dementors, Inferi, and Voldemort exist as body-turned-object things at the juncture between life and death. As Voldemort increasingly invests his immaterial soul into material objects, he physically and spiritually degenerates, transforming from the young, handsome Tom Marvolo Riddle into the snake-like villain that murdered Harry’s parents and countless others. During his quest to find and destroy Voldemort’s Horcruxes, Harry encounters a different type of object, the Deathly Hallows. Although similarly accessing boundaries between body/object, life/death, and materiality/immateriality, the three Deathly Hallows do not transgress these boundaries. Through the Deathly Hallows, Rowling provides an alternative to thingification: objects that enable boundaries to fluctuate, but not breakdown. In the third chapter, I return to thing theorists, Baudrillard, and Benjamin to study how the Deathly Hallows resist thingification by not transgressing the boundaries between body and object.

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The discussion on the New Philology triggered by French and North American scholars in the last decade of the 20th century emphasized the material character of textual transmission inside and outside the written evidences of medieval manuscripts by downgrading the active role of the historical author. However, the reception of the ideas propagated by the New Philology adherents was rather divided. Some researchers considered it to be the result of an academic “crisis” (R.T. Pickens) or questioned its innovative status (K. Stackmann: “Neue Philologie?”); others appreciated the “new attitudes to the page” it had brought to mind (J. Bumke after R.H. and M.A, Rouse) or even saw a new era of the “powers of philology” evoked (H.-U. Gumbrecht). Besides the debates on the New Philology another concept of textual materiality strengthened in the last decade, maintaining that textual alterations somewhat relate to biogenetic mutations. In a matter of fact, phenomena such as genetic and textual variation, gene recombination and ‘contamination’ (the mixing of different exemplars in one manuscript text) share common features. The paper discusses to what extent the biogenetic concepts can be used for evaluating manifestations of textual production (as the approach of ‘critique génétique’ does) and of textual transmission (as the phylogenetic analysis of manuscript variation does). In this context yet the genealogical concept of stemmatology – the treelike representation of textual development abhorred by the New Philology adepts – might prove to be useful for describing the history of texts. The textual material to be analyzed will be drawn from the Parzival Project, which is currently preparing a new electronic edition of Wolfram von Eschenbach’s Parzival novel written shortly after 1200 and transmitted in numerous manuscripts up to the age of printing. Researches of the project have actually resulted in suggesting that the advanced knowledge of the manuscript transmission yields a more precise idea on the author’s own writing process.

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The discussion on the New Philology triggered by French and North American scholars in the last decade of the 20th century emphasized the material character of textual transmission inside and outside the written evidences of medieval manuscripts by downgrading the active role of the historical author. However, the reception of the ideas propagated by the New Philology adherents was rather divided. Some researchers questioned its innovative status (K. Stackmann: “Neue Philologie?”), others saw a new era of the “powers of philology” evoked (H.-U. Gumbrecht). Besides the debates on the New Philology another concept of textual materiality strengthened in the last decade, maintaining that textual alterations somewhat relate to biogenetic mutations. In a matter of fact, phenomena such as genetic and textual variation, gene recombination and ‘contamination’ (the mixing of different exemplars in one manuscript text) share common features. The paper discusses to what extent the biogenetic concepts can be used for evaluating manifestations of textual production (as the approach of ‘critique génétique’ does) and of textual transmission (as the phylogenetic analysis of manuscript variation does). In this context yet the genealogical concept of stemmatology – the treelike representation of textual development abhorred by the New Philology adepts – might prove to be useful for describing the history of texts. The textual material to be analyzed will be drawn from the Parzival Project, which is currently preparing a new electronic edition of Wolfram von Eschenbach’s Parzival novel written shortly after 1200 and transmitted in numerous manuscripts up to the age of printing (www.parzival.unibe.ch). Researches of the project have actually resulted in suggesting that the advanced knowledge of the manuscript transmission yields a more precise idea on the author’s own writing process.

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Based on fieldwork conducted between 2008 and 2011, this article explores the role of roads in enabling and limiting the movement of people and goods in Tajikistan’s Eastern Pamirs. The article focuses on the Pamir Highway and a newly established trade route linking Tajikistan with China. Besides materially facilitating mobility, both roads serve as trajectories for opportunities, but often also signify the lack of such to those who live along them. This article thus seeks to analyse the shifting roles of roads against the backdrop of past and present state dispensations, shifting ideologies and newly emerging economic practices. By emphasising roads as both enabling and limiting spatial entities shaped by materiality, politics and economics, this article argues, on the one hand, that roads are important factors in directing and accelerating the mobility of people and goods and, on the other, that roads are also symbols of immobility inasmuch as they set limitations on the movement of people.

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This paper investigates the role of artefacts for the replication or routines in organizations. Drawing on data of a large franchise organization in the UK, we show that actors' engagement with a portfolio of different primary (e.g. software, tools) and secondary (e.g. manuals) artefacts that are part of the business format, gives rise to five artefact enabled practices of replication (activity scoping, time patterning, practical enquiry, use in practice and contextual enquiry). Importantly, these practices of replication enable three different types of franchisee agency (iterational, practical evaluative and projective agency) that support but partly also challenge replication in terms of the similarity of organizational routines across units. Our findings have several theoretical contributions for the growing literature on replication as well as materiality and artefacts in organizations.

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La noción de flujos y su relación con la cuestión del poder se introduce como aspecto central de la teoría social de Manuel Castells, y en particular de su teoría de la comunicación, a partir de 1986. En el presente artículo emprendemos, en primer lugar, el estudio de las definiciones centrales del concepto de flujos del sociólogo español, atendiendo a la cuestión de la materialidad de éstos, a los flujos como expresión dominante o de lo dominante, a su lógica relacional, al vínculo entre flujo e información, y finalmente a las fuentes teóricas del concepto. En segundo lugar, analizamos brevemente la referencia a la oposición o bien a la transición de los lugares a los flujos, que es la forma general que adquiere el concepto de flujos al interior de su teoría del espacio dual. Tal recorrido nos permitirá descubrir las operaciones teóricas principales que nuestro autor pone en juego, así como la efectivización de un doble reduccionismo, económico y espacial, sobre la noción de flujos.

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La importancia del marxismo en el pensamiento latinoamericano ha sido señalada en reiteradas oportunidades. Su capacidad para generar diversos proyectos políticos y culturales fue una característica central de dicha tradición, desplegada a través de distintos agentes e instituciones desde la llegada de los escritos de Marx y Engels a América Latina a fines del siglo XIX. Sin embargo, buena parte de esa historia todavía es parcial, anclada en perspectivas nacionales y poco atenta al estudio de sus formas materiales, esto es, a aquellos aspectos a través de los cuales el discurso marxista logró conformar una materialidad específica, tanto para la elaboración teórica como la acción de militantes, obreros, estudiantes e intelectuales. El trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer una exploración del marxismo latinoamericano desde la perspectiva de la reconstrucción de su mundo impreso, a partir de delinear una serie de problemas, temas y reflexiones solventados en el estudio de la editorial Coyoacán de Jorge Abelardo Ramos a principios de los años sesentas en la Argentina

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La vitivinicultura en la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina, se desarrolló a escala industrial y moderna a partir de fines del siglo XIX e inició su declinación en la década de 1970, lo que desencadenó la segunda modernización vitivinícola desde la de 1980. Las necesidades funcionales de esta época requirieron de construcciones con fines tanto habitacionales como productivos, lo que dio origen a conjuntos o complejos edilicios denominados establecimientos vitivinícolas. Las bodegas integrantes de estos conjuntos son los edificios destinados a elaborar vino; es decir, los cuerpos productivos donde se desarrolla la actividad vitivinícola. El resto de las edificaciones sirven de soporte para dicha actividad. Las unidades funcionales requeridas en los establecimientos han variado en el tiempo: se fueron adaptando de acuerdo con las diversas exigencias productivas de cada momento. En la actualidad, los establecimientos vitivinícolas que fueron construidos desde 1870 a 1970 se pueden encontrar adaptados a las nuevas exigencias productivas y en funcionamiento, o en un completo abandono. Los conjuntos de construcciones, junto a diversos implementos que los integran, son testimonios, huellas de otras realidades y conocimientos que acontecieron en ellos. Por ello, en el presente trabajo nos proponemos un análisis histórico-arquitectónico sobre la evolución de la materialidad de los establecimientos vitivinícolas desde 1870 hasta 1970; focalizamos nuestro estudio en comprender su crecimiento edilicio y el motivo de la distribución y ubicación de las diversas edificaciones que los integraron, en estrecha relación con la función y el marco contextual al que pertenecen

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El escrito reflexiona sobre la adecuación teórica y metodológica del recurso a las categorías institución total, dispositivo y disciplina, para investigar problemáticas recientes en el campo de la salud-enfermedad-atención, particularmente las denominadas adicciones a las drogas. De la mano de numerosas investigaciones empíricas, ciertos conceptos se anudan en los análisis, asociándose disciplina-encierro, e institución total-espacio cerrado. El escrito propone el desacople de estas nociones y la recuperación de su productividad analítica, desde la investigación en un dispositivo terapéutico ambulatorio para la adicción a drogas del Area Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Se aborda esta problemática desde una perspectiva etnográfica, con análisis documental, observación participante y entrevistas realizadas a profesionales de la salud de la institución, personal de apoyo y usuarios. Se concluye que las formulaciones de Goffman y Foucault ayudan a comprender la existencia de modalidades de tratamiento para las adicciones a las drogas que, sin fundarse en el encierro como técnica primordial de control de los cuerpos, sostienen un proceso de clausura y despojo significativos; y que la renuncia a homologar la clausura, y el espacio cerrado a una materialidad, permitió dar realce a una vivencia de despojo subjetivo de parte de quienes se encuentran en tratamiento en la institución

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La importancia del marxismo en el pensamiento latinoamericano ha sido señalada en reiteradas oportunidades. Su capacidad para generar diversos proyectos políticos y culturales fue una característica central de dicha tradición, desplegada a través de distintos agentes e instituciones desde la llegada de los escritos de Marx y Engels a América Latina a fines del siglo XIX. Sin embargo, buena parte de esa historia todavía es parcial, anclada en perspectivas nacionales y poco atenta al estudio de sus formas materiales, esto es, a aquellos aspectos a través de los cuales el discurso marxista logró conformar una materialidad específica, tanto para la elaboración teórica como la acción de militantes, obreros, estudiantes e intelectuales. El trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer una exploración del marxismo latinoamericano desde la perspectiva de la reconstrucción de su mundo impreso, a partir de delinear una serie de problemas, temas y reflexiones solventados en el estudio de la editorial Coyoacán de Jorge Abelardo Ramos a principios de los años sesentas en la Argentina