Titanium surface topography after brushing with fluoride and fluoride-free toothpaste simulating 10 years of use

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos de um programa de atividade física nas funções cognitivas, equilíbrio e risco de quedas em idosos com demência de Alzheimer

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Detection of Altered Risk Factors in Hospitalized Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

OBJECTIVE: To assess biochemical, anthropometric, and dietary variables considered risk factors for coronary artery disease. METHODS: Using anthropometrics, dietary allowance, and blood biochemistry, we assessed 84 patients [54 males (mean age of 55± 8 years) and 30 females (mean age of 57±7 years)], who had severe ( > or =70% coronary artery obstruction) and nonsevere forms of coronary artery disease determined by cardiac catheterization. The severe form of the disease prevailed in 70% of the males and 64% of the females, and a high frequency of familial antecedents (92% ' 88%) and history of acute myocardial infarction (80% ' 70%) were observed. Smoking predominated among males (65%) and diabetes mellitus among females (43%). RESULTS: Males and females had body mass index and body fat above the normal values. Females with nonsevere lesions had HDL > 35 mg/dL, and this constituted a discriminating intergroup indicator. Regardless of the severity of the disease, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia were found among females, and cholesterolemia > 200 mg/dL in both sexes, but only males had LDL fraction > 160 mg/dL and homocysteine > 11.7 mmol/L. The male dietary allowance was inadequate in nutrients for homocysteine metabolism and in nutrients with an antioxidant action, such as the vitamins B6, C, and folate. Individuals of both sexes had a higher lipid and cholesterol intake and an inadequate consumption of fiber. The diet was classified as high-protein, high-fat, and low-carbohydrate. CONCLUSION: The alterations found had no association with the severity of lesions, indicating the need for more effective nutritional intervention.

Estudo da recidiva da sobremordida relacionada com a curva de Spee, em pacientes Classe II, divisão 1, na fase pós-contenção

INTRODUÇÃO: a estabilidade dos resultados do tratamento ortodôntico é um assunto muito estudado na literatura, sem respostas conclusivas. A sobremordida, ou trespasse vertical, define-se como a relação vertical entre as bordas incisais dos incisivos superiores e inferiores, apresentando-se como um aspecto importante na avaliação dos resultados do tratamento e sua estabilidade. OBJETIVO: este estudo se propôs a avaliar a recidiva da sobremordida e sua relação com a curva de Spee. METODOLOGIA: a amostra (grupo experimental) constituiu-se de 29 pacientes, de ambos os gêneros, apresentando má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1, e sobremordida mínima de 3,5mm, tratados com extração dos 4 primeiros pré-molares. Este grupo foi comparado a um grupo controle, com oclusão normal. A amostra faz parte do Arquivo da Disciplina de Ortodontia da FOB-USP. Avaliaram-se as telerradiografias em norma lateral e os modelos de estudo do início, final e 5 anos pós-tratamento e, para o grupo controle, as telerradiografias de dois tempos de avaliação, compatível com o tempo de tratamento do grupo experimental. Para comparação intergrupos, utilizou-se o teste t independente e, para comparação intragrupo, os testes ANOVA e Tukey. Para verificar a relação da recidiva da sobremordida com a curva de Spee, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. RESULTADOS: pela análise dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que a sobremordida apresentou uma correção significante durante o tratamento, comparando-se ao grupo controle. Porém, apresentou recidiva significante na fase pós-contenção. CONCLUSÃO: a recidiva da sobremordida apresentou uma correlação significante com a curva de Spee na fase pós-contenção.

Investigations on the new free radical scavenger polynitroxyl-albumin to prevent ischemia and reperfusion injury after orthotopic heart transplantation in the pig model

Objective: Nitroxides have strong antioxidant capacity but their effectiveness is limited by their rapid intracellular inactivation. Poly nitroxyl-Albumin (PNA) is capable of regenerating inactivated nitroxide. We tested the effect of PNA against reperfusion injury in heart transplantation. Methods: Pig hearts were transplanted orthotopically. In the control group (n = 9) reperfusion was performed without reperfusion modifications. In the experimental group (n = 10) 1 ml/kg PNA was given before cross-clamp release. Results: Hemodynamic performance was impaired after transplantation in both groups without significant intergroup differences. Plasma malonedialdehyde levels were significantly diminished in the PNA group as compared to the controls. CK-MB levels in both groups were increased within the first 2 h of reperfusion without significant intergroup differences. In contrast, there were found significant higher values of myocardial specific lactate dehydrogenase (LD1) in the controls versus PNA group. Conclusions: PNA was able to reduce lipid peroxidation and attenuate free radical activity. Contractile dysfunction could no be improved, indicating that (a) the radical scavenging effect was to weak or (b) other mechanisms than free oxygen radicals are responsible for myocardial damage in this experimental model. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of Supragingival plaque control in smokers and never-smokers: 6-month evaluation of patients with periodontitis

Background: the effect of supragingival plaque control on clinical signs of periodontitis is controversial, particularly when smoking habits are considered. This study evaluated the clinical effects of supragingival plaque control on clinical signs of periodontitis in smokers and never-smokers.Methods: the following data were collected for 25 never-smokers and 25 smokers at baseline and 30, 90, and 180 days: visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). After baseline examinations, supragingival scaling was performed. Oral hygiene practices were reinforced and reevaluated weekly during the experimental period. Linear models adjusted for clustering of observations within individuals were used for statistical analysis.Results: Reductions in VPI were significant for both groups, with no intergroup differences. GBI at baseline was similar between groups, and at 30, 90, and 180 days, smokers had a lower GBI than never-smokers. Significant reductions were observed in PD for shallow (1 to 3 mm), moderate (4 to 5 mm), and deep sites (>= 6 mm) in both groups. CAL was significantly greater in smokers throughout the study, but gains in attachment were similar for both groups (0.71 to 1.00 mm). BOP reductions were similar in both groups.Conclusions: Supragingival plaque control resulted in significant changes in clinical parameters associated with gingivitis and periodontitis. Smoking did not affect results, regardless of initial PD.

Scent-marking behaviour in free-ranging golden-faced saki monkeys, Pithecia pithecia chrysocephala: Sex differences and context

Scent-marking behaviour of golden-faced saki monkey, Pithecia pithecia chrysocephala, was observed intermittently between 1987 and 1990 for a family group in a Central Amazonian forest fragment. of 95 scent-marking events (during 275.5 hours of observation), throat-and-chest rubbing accounted for all except one anogenital rubbing. Nine of the throat-and-chest markings also involved touching groin with hands and eight markings (including the anogenital), urinating on the marked branch. Marking behaviour is strongly sex related, with the adult male making 88.4% of the markings. Scent-marking frequency by the adult male increased during breeding periods. Scent-marking behaviour seems related to courtship, and possibly stimulates sexual behaviour. All regularly marked spots consisted of horizontal branches on commonly travelled routes. Eleven occurred in feeding trees and lianas, but none in sleeping trees. Scent-marking behaviour in the monkeys studied here was not related to intergroup encounters and probably did not have a territorial function, although it may do so where different groups interact.

Periosteum-Derived Cells as an Alternative to Bone Marrow Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering Around Dental Implants. A Histomorphometric Study in Beagle Dogs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Toxicogenetic monitoring in urban cities exposed to different airborne contaminants

Microparticles found in the air may be associated with organic matter that contains several compounds, such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs, and may pose a significant risk to human health, possibly leading to DNA mutations and cancers. This study associated genotoxicity assays for evaluating human exposure with the atmospheric air of two urban areas in southern Brazil, that received different atmospheric contributions. Site 1 was under urban-industrial influence and the other was a non-industrial reference, Site 2. Organic extracts from the airborne particulate matter were tested for mutagenicity via the Salmonella/microsome assay and analyzed for PAH composition. Cells samples of people residing in these two cities were evaluated using the comet and micronucleus assay (MN).Concentrations of the individual PAHs ranged from 0.01ng/m3 (benzo[a]anthracene) to 5.08ng/m3 (benzo[ghi]perylene). As to mutagenicity analysis of airborne, Site 1 presented all the mutagenic responses, which varied from 3.2±1.22rev/m3 (TA98 no S9) to 32.6±2.05rev/m3 (TA98, S9), while Site 2 ranged from negative to minimal responses. Site 1 presented a high quantity of nitro and amino derivatives of PAHs, and peaked at 56.0±3.68rev/μg (YG1024 strain). The two groups presented very low DNA damage levels without intergroup difference. Although Site 1 presented high mutagenic responses in the air samples, high PAH levels, healthy people exposed to this environment did not show significative damage in their genetic material. However, the evaluation of different environmental and genetic damage in such population is necessary to monitor possible damages. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Performance of Down syndrome subjects during a coincident timing task

Background: The time synchronization is a very important ability for the acquisition and performance of motor skills that generate the need to adapt the actions of body segments to external events of the environment that are changing their position in space. Down Syndrome (DS) individuals may present some deficits to perform tasks with synchronization demand. We aimed to investigate the performance of individuals with DS in a simple Coincident Timing task. Method. 32 individuals were divided into 2 groups: the Down syndrome group (DSG) comprised of 16 individuals with average age of 20 (+/- 5 years old), and a control group (CG) comprised of 16 individuals of the same age. All individuals performed the Simple Timing (ST) task and their performance was measured in milliseconds. The study was conducted in a single phase with the execution of 20 consecutive trials for each participant. Results: There was a significant difference in the intergroup analysis for the accuracy adjustment - Absolute Error (Z = 3.656, p = 0.001); and for the performance consistence - Variable Error (Z = 2.939, p = 0.003). Conclusion: DS individuals have more difficulty in integrating the motor action to an external stimulus and they also present more inconsistence in performance. Both groups presented the same tendency to delay their motor responses. © 2013 Torriani-Pasin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Assessing the impact of menopause on salivary flow and xerostomia

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the symptoms of dry mouth and salivary flow in menarche and menopausal women. Methods: Objective and subjective assessment of salivary function were analysed by Xerostomia Inventory and Visual Analogue Scale questionnaire in menopausal and menarche women (control group). Salivary flow was evaluated by a chemical absorption stimulation test. Each subject provided three saliva samples: S1, non-stimulated saliva; S2, saliva initially stimulated with two drops of citric acid 2.5%; and S3, saliva super-stimulated with two drops of citric acid 2.5% every 30 seconds for two minutes. Results: No intergroup association was observed between Xerostomia Inventory and Visual Analogue Scale questionnaire. In both groups, the salivary flow was greatest at S3, followed by S2 and finally S1. Salivary flow was lower in the menopausal group compared to the control group only in S2 and S3. Conclusions: In the menopausal group, the salivary flow showed reduction but without clinical symptoms of dry mouth. It is important to normalize salivary flow to prevent oral abnormalities and maintain oral health. © 2013 Australian Dental Association.

Análise da expressão dos genes pertencentes aos sistemas secretórios Tipo III e Tipo IV e genes pthAs em Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri sob condições infectante e não infectante

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos estudantes do 6º ano de medicina no estágio de UTI: um enfoque para melhoria do ensino médico

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Caretaking behavior among siblings in children's shelters

Este estudo analisou 742 eventos envolvendo comportamento de cuidado entre crianças abrigadas com e sem irmão na mesma instituição. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos para avaliação intergrupal na comparação entre os sujeitos focais. As crianças com irmão manifestaram a maior proporção desses comportamentos e foram dirigidos principalmente a parceiros não-Irmãos (companheiros de dormitório) ou adultos (cuidadores). O estudo revelou ainda que o comportamento Brincar de cuidar foi mais freqüente no grupo de crianças Com Irmão na instituição enquanto que entre os participantes Sem Irmão predominou Estabelecer contato afetuoso e comportamentos direcionados mais a adultos do que aos pares. Conclui-se que o comportamento de cuidado está presente entre irmãos, mas assume formas particulares em razão da complexa dinâmica social que caracteriza o ambiente pesquisado.

Influência dos distúrbios hiperglicêmicos na função do assoalho pélvico na gestação

Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB