Radiokanavan tilinpäätös : YleQ:n elämä ja kuolema henkilöstöhaastattelujen valossa

Opinnäytetyöni käsittelee Yleisradion edesmenneen radiokanavan uuden YleQ:n taivalta sen perustamisesta huhtikuussa 2004 kanavan päättymiseen syyskuussa 2006. Ensisijaisina pohdinnan kohteinani ovat kanavan työntekijöiden ajatukset YleQ:n merkityksestä sekä sen päättymisen syistä. YleQ poikkesi muista Yleisradion kanavista sisältönsä puolesta, ollen populaarikulttuuria painottanut, nuorelle aikuisyleisölle suunnattu radiokanava. Erityisesti YleQ:n musiikkitarjonta täydensi laajuutensa ja monipuolisuutensa ansiosta Yleisradion kokonaistarjontaa. Opinnäytetyöni on toteutettu henkilöstöhaastattelujen avulla. Haastattelin 21 entistä YleQ:n työntekijää muutamaa kuukautta kanavan päättymisen jälkeen. Työn edetessä tuli tarpeelliseksi myös selvittää kuuden muun haastattelun avulla mm. kysymyksiä Yleisradion uudesta strategiasta sekä populaarikulttuurin asemasta Yleisradiossa. Oman työni taustalla on autenttinen kaksivuotinen osallistuminen tutkittavaan työyhteisöön. Lähtökohtana haastatteluille ovat ne käsitykset, joita minulle oli syntynyt työskennellessäni YleQ:ssa. Tutkimuksellisesti vahvat ennakkokäsitykseni voivat olla ongelmallisia, mutta toisaalta hiljainen tieto osoittautui tarpeelliseksi haastatteluita analysoidessani. YleQ:n entiset työntekijät kokivat tulleensa pompotelluiksi ja hyväksikäytetyiksi kokeiluun, johon Yleisradiossa ei kunnolla edes panostettu. Moni haastatelluistani koki, että YleQ:n hyvä idea epäonnistui huonon toteutuksensa vuoksi. Yleisesti kuitenkin ymmärrettiin kanavan lakkauttamisen johtuneen priorisoinnista yhtiön uusiin palveluihin. Tästä huolimatta moni haastatelluistani on huolissaan populaarikulttuurin tarjonnasta Yleisradiossa YleQ:n päättymisen jälkeen.

Supplément grec 606

Θεοτοκάριον, seu collectio hymnorum in honorem beatæ Mariæ

Cardiac Function Assessed by Transesophageal Echocardiography During Pectus Excavatum Repair

Background. We assessed end-diastolic right ventricular (RV) dimensions and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction by use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography before and after surgical correction of pectus excavatum in adults. Methods. A prospective study was conducted including 17 patients undergoing surgical correction of pectus excavatum according to the technique of Ravitch-Shamberger between 1999 and 2004. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was performed under general anesthesia before and after surgery to assess end-diastolic RV dimensions and LV ejection fraction. The end-diastolic RV diameter and area were measured in four-chamber and RV inflow-outflow view, and the RV volume was calculated from these data. The LV was assessed by transgastric short-axis view, and its ejection fraction was calculated by use of the Teichholz formula. Results. The end-diastolic RV diameter, area, and volume all significantly increased after surgery (mean values +/- SD, respectively: 2.4 +/- 0.8 cm versus 3.0 +/- 0.9 cm, p < 0.001; 12.5 +/- 5.2 cm(2) versus 18.4 +/- 7.5 cm(2), p < 0.001; and 21.7 +/- 11.7 mL versus 40.8 +/- 23 mL, p < 0.001). The LV ejection fraction also significantly increased after surgery (58.4% +/- 15% versus 66.2% +/- 6%, p < 0.001). Conclusions. Surgical correction of pectus excavatum according to Ravitch-Shamberger technique results in a significant increase in end-diastolic RV dimensions and a significantly increased LV ejection fraction. (Ann Thorac Surg 2010; 89: 240-4) (C) 2010 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Postpacing abnormal repolarization in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with a mutation in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene.

BACKGROUND Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an arrhythmogenic disease for which electrophysiological studies (EPS) have shown to be of limited value.OBJECTIVE This study presents a CPVT family in which marked postpacing repolarization abnormalities during EPS were the only consistent phenotypic manifestation of ryanodine receptor (RyR2) mutation carriers.METHODS The study was prompted by the observation of transient marked QT prolongation preceding initiation of ventricular fibrillation during atrial fibrillation in a boy with a family history of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Family members underwent exercise and pharmacologic electrocardiographic testing with epinephrine, adenosine, and flecainide. Noninvasive clinical test results were normal in 10 patients evaluated, except for both epinephrine- and exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in 1. EPS included bursts of ventricular pacing and programmed ventricular extrastimulation reproducing short-long sequences. Genetic screening involved direct sequencing of genes involved in long QT syndrome as well as RyR2.RESULTS Six patients demonstrated a marked increase in QT interval only in the first beat after cessation of ventricular pacing and/or extrastimulation. All 6 patients were found to have a heterozygous missense mutation (M4109R) in RyR2. Two of them, presenting with aborted SCD, also had a second missense mutation (I406T- RyR2). Four family members without RyR2 mutations did not display prominent postpacing QT changes.CONCLUSION M4109R- RyR2 is associated with a high incidence of SCD. The contribution of I406T to the clinical phenotype is unclear. In contrast to exercise testing, marked postpacing repolarization changes in a single beat accurately predicted carriers of M4109R- RyR2 in this family.

Stepwise multiple testing as formalized data snooping

It is common in econometric applications that several hypothesis tests arecarried out at the same time. The problem then becomes how to decide whichhypotheses to reject, accounting for the multitude of tests. In this paper,we suggest a stepwise multiple testing procedure which asymptoticallycontrols the familywise error rate at a desired level. Compared to relatedsingle-step methods, our procedure is more powerful in the sense that itoften will reject more false hypotheses. In addition, we advocate the useof studentization when it is feasible. Unlike some stepwise methods, ourmethod implicitly captures the joint dependence structure of the teststatistics, which results in increased ability to detect alternativehypotheses. We prove our method asymptotically controls the familywise errorrate under minimal assumptions. We present our methodology in the context ofcomparing several strategies to a common benchmark and deciding whichstrategies actually beat the benchmark. However, our ideas can easily beextended and/or modied to other contexts, such as making inference for theindividual regression coecients in a multiple regression framework. Somesimulation studies show the improvements of our methods over previous proposals. We also provide an application to a set of real data.

Respuesta selectiva de la red de fondo granton 400/127 en el estudio de recursos demersales. Invierno 1966

Se estudia la respuesta selectiva de la red de la arrastre de fondo Granton 400/127, durante el crucero de evaluación de recursos demersales a bordo del BIC SNP-1 9607-08, empleando el método de copo cubierto, con un tamaño de malla de 90 mm (Poliamida PA-nylon). Se obtuvieron las ojivas de selección mediante los métodos de ojiva natural y curva logística, para la zona de pesca de Paita (03°30 ' S- 06°00 'S), presentando un L50% =35,9 y 35,71 cm respectivamente. Se encontró un factor de selección (FS) = 3,95, factor de perímetro (FP) = 0,46 y un máximo factor de selección igual a 4,34. Los resultados fueron mayores que en el experimento modelo de selectividad con red de arrastre de fondo, realizado en verano de 1996.

Experimento modelo de selectividad con red de arrastre de fondo

Presentan los resultados obtenidos del estudio de selectividad en merluza peruana (Merluccius gayi peruanus) con una red de arrastre de fondo, en el área pesquera de Paita (03° a 05° S), basado en el método de copo cubierto (POPE et al. 1975) con diferentes tamaños de malla (poliamida PA-nylon), 90, 105, 110 y 120 mm. Se observó que la diferencia entre el factor de selección calculado por los distintos análisis para la mallas 105 (106) mm y 110 (114) mm no fue significativa, razón por la cual fueron seleccionadas para aplicar los modelos matemáticos adicionales de GULLAND 1970 y BARANOV 1960, determinándose el tamaño óptimo de malla de 110 mm. El factor de selección (FS) para la malla de 90(90,8)mm fue igual a 3,41; para la malla de 105 (106) mm, igual a 3,03; para la malla de 110 (114) mm fue igual a 2,99; para la malla de 120 (122) mm, fue igual a 2,84.

Transferência de nitrogênio entre plantas interconectadas por fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAS)

Este trabalho, desenvolvido em casa de vegetação da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), em Campos (RJ), no primeiro semestre de 1996, objetivou avaliar a importância dos fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAS) no processo de transferência de N do feijão para o milho, utilizando o isótopo 15N. Foram construídos três tipos de vasos especiais, divididos em três seções, A, B e C, com 2 dm³ de capacidade: sem barreira, com tela de nylon de 40 ∝m (permitiu a passagem de hifas fúngicas, mas não a de raízes) e com tela de nylon de 1 ∝m (não permitiu a passagem de hifas e raízes) entre as seções B e C. Adicionaram-se 25 mg kg-1 de N somente na seção A de cada vaso, utilizando-se, como fonte (15NH4)2SO4. Duas plantas de feijão pré-germinadas e inoculadas com Rhizobium tropici foram plantadas com suas raízes divididas entre as seções A e B. Após 10 dias, efetuou-se o plantio do milho, diretamente, na seção C dos vasos, e a inoculação micorrízica nos tratamentos com o FMA foi feita pela adição de propágulos de Glomus etunicatum somente na seção C. O experimento foi coletado 35 dias após o transplantio do feijão, e os resultados demonstraram que a colonização micorrízica se mostrou satisfatória, tanto no milho quanto no feijão. A presença da micorriza aumentou a produção de matéria seca, conteúdo de 15N e P da parte aérea das plantas de milho. A transferência direta de 15N do feijão para o milho através do micélio fúngico foi de 16,6%; a transferência indireta envolvendo o FMA - ou seja, a absorção do 15N excretado pelas raízes do feijão na solução do solo que foi absorvido e transferido através do micélio do FMA para o milho - foi de 34,1%; e a transferência indireta não envolvendo o FMA - ou seja, a absorção de 15N pelas raízes de milho da solução do solo sem envolvimento do FMA - foi de 49,3%.

Stodius-suvusta

Antti Kolehmainen