Administração de anti-infecciosos orais por sonda de nutrição entérica

Com o crescente recurso à nutrição entérica surgem novos desafios, designadamente pela utilização crescente do mesmo dispositivo de acesso na administração da terapêutica farmacológica (Magnuson, Clifford, Hoskins & Bernard, 2005). Desta situação resulta uma necessidade por parte dos profissionais de saúde de conhecer o potencial de complicações e limitações associadas e este método (Williams, 2008), agravada por estudos que têm vindo a revelar técnicas inapropriadas na administração de formulações orais por sonda de nutrição (Belknap, Seiferd & Petermann, 1997) (Hanssens, Woods, Alsulaiti, Adheir, Al-Meer & Obaidan, 2006) (Seifert & Jonhston, 2005). Entre essas complicações encontramos as interacções fármaco-nutriente, que podem conduzir ao compromisso do estado nutricional do doente ou dos objectivos terapêuticos (August, et al., 2002), podendo resultar em obstrução da sonda, alteração da libertação ou biodisponibilidade do fármaco ou nutriente ou alteração da função gastrointestinal (Robin, Boulatta, Brantley, Corkins, Guenter, & et al, 2009). Considerando os riscos associados ao inadequado cumprimento da terapêutica com anti-infecciosos, o presente trabalho pretende conhecer a viabilidade de administração por sonda dos anti-infecciosos disponíveis para prescrição no Centro Hospitalar de São João, EPE (CHSJ,EPE).

Compounds identified on hexane and dichloromethane extracts of Salicornia ramosissima

3rd Portuguese Meeting on Medicinal Chemistry and 1st Portuguese-Spanish-Brazilian Meeting on Medicinal Chemistry, Aveiro, 28-30 Novembro 2012.

Some aromatic compounds from dichloromethane extract of Salicornia ramosissima.

6th Spanish-Portuguese-Japanese Organic Chemistry Symposium, Lisboa, de 18 a 20 de Julho de 2012 (Poster Communication).

Behavioural ecology of the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus in the North Atlantic Ocean

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar, especialidade em Ecologia Marinha.

Revestimento de pisos em madeira para interiores

Dissertação para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Goldra: premier gisement karstique en Algarve, faune et industries

A bone breccia from Goldra, near Loulé, is studied. It corresponds to the infilling of a karst depression, consisting of: rather worn and probably transported dolomite pebbles at the bottom; accumulations of frequently burnt bone scraps, much broken and with acute edges (no transport), certainly debris of human food, suggesting habitat level (s); in association with the former, stone (flint, quartz, quartzite, graywacke) rather uncharacteristic artifacts that seem compatible with middle and upper Paleolithic, or with Epipaleolithic; and small mammal teeth and bones. Fauna includes an extinct species, Microtus brecciensis recognized for the first time in Portugal. It is not older than Riss-Wiirm interglacial, and may be of this age or later, maybe that of one of wurm's first interstades. Fauna points out to a varied landscape with open country and woods; and to a rather warm and dry temperate, or dry subtropical mediterranean climate. Climate differences should not be significant in comparison with the extant situation. The presence of the mammal species found so far is consistent with modern distribution.

Aliphatic bio-oils from corks: a Py-Gc/MS study

Cork samples from Betula pendula, Quercus suber and Quercus cerris were submitted to Py-GC-MS/FID at temperatures between 550 degrees C and 900 degrees C and the pyrolysis-derived compounds (py-products) were identified and quantified. Corks were compared with wood samples. Py-products include suberin, lignin and carbohydrates derivatives. Suberin py-products are dominated by unsaturated aliphatics. Corks pyrolysis yield and composition were dramatically influenced by temperature in contrast to wood that showed stable results across temperatures. At 850-900 degrees C the peaks area of cork pyrograms were approximately two times higher than at 550 degrees C, for which yield was about half of the woods, and cork py-products were dominated by suberin-derived short chain aliphatics, namely 1-alkenes, while at 550 degrees C composition was dominated by lignin derivatives. Lignin and carbohydrate derived products decreased dramatically over 750 degrees C while the opposite was observed for unsaturated aliphatics. Cork materials show a high potential as feedstock for production of aliphatic-rich pyrolytic biofuels or as a source of olefins. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Therapeutic itineraries and explanations for tuberculosis: an indigenous perspective

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze explanations for tuberculosis and therapeutic itineraries of Brazilian indigenous people. METHODS Case study with a qualitative-descriptive approach. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 Munduruku indigenous, including direct observation of treatment for tuberculosis in the municipality of Jacareacanga, south-western region of the state of Para, Brazil. To identify explanations for tuberculosis and therapeutic itineraries, we performed thematic content analysis. RESULTS Traditional medicine was the first therapeutic option chosen by the indigenous. However, biomedicine was also employed, which indicates a circulation between different therapeutic contexts and health concepts among the Munduruku. The explanations provided ranged from recognition of the signs and symptoms specific to tuberculosis to the attribution of the disease to a spirit that leaves the body and wanders in the woods, returning ill into the body. Unlike the biomedical model, which links tuberculosis transmission strictly to interpersonal contact, in closed spaces without natural lighting and ventilation (preferably domestic environments), the Munduruku associate the disease to an indirect contact between people socially distant (enemies or adversaries) in public and open places. CONCLUSIONS The explanations made by the indigenous are unique and deserve the attention of those who are responsible for developing health public policies, as well as of the teams who work on the villages. To guarantee an efficient control of tuberculosis in these regions, it is necessary that the developed actions integrate biomedicine knowledge and the traditional medicine of the indigenous people, in addition to respecting and welcoming local culture manifestations.

Pontes pedonais em madeira lamelada colada:caracterização, dimensionamento, patologia e conservação

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Edificações

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Anajatuba, Maranhão, Brazil

The authors report a confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the rural area of the municipality of Anajatuba, state of Maranhão. Two other suspected cases from the same region are also described. The confirmed case involved a previously healthy young woman who died with signs and symptoms of acute respiratory insufficiency 5 days after presenting fever, myalgia and a dry cough. The patient was a student who was helping her parents with work in the fields; it was a habit of the family to store rice inside the house. The suspected cases involved two first-degree relatives working as field hands who died of acute respiratory insufficiency 24 and 48 hours, respectively, after presenting fever, myalgia and a dry cough. Both stored rice and corn inside their home. People living in the region reported massive infestations with rats in the woods and fields.

Ten years experience with Jorge Lobo's disease in the state of Acre, Amazon region, Brazil

Jorge Lobo's disease is a cutaneous and subcutaneous mycosis that affects patients in the Amazon region. The number of patients is relatively small, but the real situation of the disease as public health problem is not known, because Jorge Lobo's disease is not a notifiable disease. This study aims to report the clinical evolution in patients affected and to determine the prevalence and areas of occurrence of the disease. A retrospective study was carried out based on the analysis of the clinical records, which included a collection of photographs of patients in the Department of Sanitary Dermatology, in Rio Branco, and patients seen in the interior of the state. In a decade, in Rio Branco, 249 cases of the disease were reported, 30 were females and 219 males. Of these patients, 153 had localized lesions, 94 of them were on one ear, 55 had multifocal lesions and 41 had disseminated lesions. The average time between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 19 years. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 53 years, and ages ranged from 14 to 96 years.

Natural infection of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by trypanosomatids in two different environments in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, State of Rondônia, Brazil

INTRODUCTION: This study analyzed the occurrence and the contamination of triatomines by trypanosomatids in Orbignya speciosa (babassu) specimens in the State of Rondônia, Brazil, in two different environments (pasture and woods). METHODS: Capture of triatomines on babassus and microscopic search for trypanosomatids in their digestive tube were carried out. RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-four (494) specimens were captured (Rhodnius prolixus and R.robustus), of which 35.6% of the triatomines were positive for trypanosomatids. CONCLUSIONS: The high index of natural infection along with the abundance of triatomines points out to the necessity to create an epidemiological surveillance system to monitor vector-borne transmission and deepen the studies on the ecology of such vectors in the Amazon.

Wood specific gravity of trees and forest types in the southern Peruvian Amazon

Estimates of terrestrial biomass depend critically on reliable information about the specific gravity of the wood of forest trees. The study reported on here was carried out in the southern Peruvian Amazon and involved collection of wood samples from trees (70 spp.) in intact forest stands. Results demonstrate the high degree of variability in specific gravity (ovendry weight/green volume) in trees at single locations. Three forest types (swamp, high terrace forest with alluvial soil, and sandy-soil forest) had values close to the average reported for tropical forest woods (.69). Two early successional forest types, which make up as much as 12% of the total vegetated area in this part of the Amazon, had values significantly lower (.40). An increase in specific gravity with increasing age of the tree, which has been reported in some spe cies of tropical-forest woods, is seen in a positive relationship between specific gravity and di ameter for a species prevalent in one plot. Increases in specific gravity with tree and forest age may be significant in estimating changes in carbon stores over time.

Satisfacción laboral y percepción de riesgos del trabajo en profesionales de enfermería. Laboural satisfaction and job risk awareness of nursing professionals.

Los profesionales de enfermería sufren en este momento histórico el impacto de la crisis económica y los cambios en el contexto político y social en lo que se refiere a las políticas de empleo y ajustes salariales. El ambiente de trabajo en las unidades de hospitalización suele ser agobiante y las actividades que realizan los exponen a riesgos específicos tales como: los propios del ambiente, condiciones y tipo de trabajo y las relaciones interpersonales. Definimos la satisfacción laboral como el resultado de la apreciación que cada individuo tiene de su trabajo y la importancia para satisfacer sus necesidades básicas.Objetivo General: Conocer y describir el nivel de satisfacción laboral y la percepción de riesgos en el trabajo que manifiestan los profesionales de Enfermería.Objetivos Específicos: - Describir la percepción de riesgos del ambiente de trabajo - Mostrar el nivel de satisfacción laboral según el tipo y número de pacientes que atienden, antigüedad en la profesión, estabilidad laboral, sexo, edad, situación de pareja, número de hijos,- Describir la satisfacción laboral en cuanto a los recursos con los que cuenta para el cuidado y la seguridad laboral de la institución, al salario que recibe y la cantidad de empleos que tiene, - Determinar la satisfacción laboral con respecto al estímulo que reciben de los superiores, al reconocimiento de los pares, equipo de salud y usuarios.El encuadre metodológico es el siguiente:El tipo de estudio elegido es el considerado correlacional simple ya que busca posibles vínculos entre dos o más variables.El universo lo componen los profesionales de enfermería que se desempeñan en instituciones públicas de salud de la ciudad de Río Cuarto y Córdoba Capital.La técnica de recolección de datos es la encuesta en su modalidad de cuestionario autoadministrado.