Comparison of existing formulae for estimating the overtopping rate in harbour breakwaters

The research that is summarized in this article, resultant of diverse studies realized in the CEDEX, has for object a comparative analysis of methods of overtopping rates developed by different authors. For that, the summary was realized first and the analysis of the existing formulations to estimate the rate of overtopping on rubble mound and vertical breakwaters. Later, there was carried out the contrast of the above mentioned formulations by the results obtained in a serie of hydraulic model tests of the Hydraulic Research Laboratory (the Center of Studies of Ports and Coasts of the CEDEX, Madrid, Spain).

Checking existing formulas for estimating overtopping rates in harbour breakwaters

The purpose of the research work resulting from various studies undertaken in the CEDEX, as summarized in this article, is to make a comparative analysis of methods for calculating overtopping rates developed by different authors. To this effect, in the first place, existing formulas for estimating the overtopping rate on rubble mound and vertical breakwaters were summarised and analysed. Later, the above mentioned formulas were compared using the results obtained in a series of hydraulic model tests at the CEDEX. The results obtained in the Ferrol outer harbour breakwater and Melilla harbour breakwater tests are presented here. A calculation method based on the neural network theory, developed in the European CLASH Project, was applied to a series of sloping breakwater tests in order to complete this research and the results obtained in the Ferrol outer harbour breakwater test are presented in this article. A series of additional tests was also carried out in a physical model on the standard cross section of the Bilbao harbour sloping breakwater’s cross section, the results of which are under study using the empirical formulas applicable to the cross section, as well as the NN-OVERTOPPING neural network

Comparison of Existing Formulae for Estimating the Overtopping Rate in Harbour Breakwaters

The purpose of the research work resulting from various studies undertaken in the CEDEX, as summarized in this article, is to make a comparative analysis of methods for calculating overtopping rates developed by different authors. To this effect, in the first place, existing formulae for estimating the overtopping rate on rubble mound and vertical breakwaters were summarised and analysed. Later, the above mentioned formulae were compared using the results obtained in a series of hydraulic model tests at the CEDEX (the Center of Studies of Ports and Coasts of the CEDEX, Madrid, Spain). A calculation method based on the neural network theory, developed in the European CLASH Project, was applied to a series of sloping breakwater tests in order to complete this research. The results obtained in the Ferrol, Ciervana and Alicante breakwaters tests are presented here.

Overtopping of harbour breakwaters: a comparison of semi-empirical equations, neural networks, and physical model tests

This paper reports extensive tests of empirical equations developed by different authors for harbour breakwater overtopping. First, the existing equations are compiled and evaluated as tools for estimating the overtopping rates on sloping and vertical breakwaters. These equations are then tested using the data obtained in a number of laboratory studies performed in the Centre for Harbours and Coastal Studies of the CEDEX, Spain. It was found that the recommended application ranges of the empirical equations typically deviate from those revealed in the experimental tests. In addition, a neural network model developed within the European CLASH Project is tested. The wind effects on overtopping are also assessed using a reduced scale physical model

Echolocation detections and digital video surveys provide reliable estimates of the relative density of harbour porpoises

Acknowledgements We would like to thank Erik Rexstad and Rob Williams for useful reviews of this manuscript. The collection of visual and acoustic data was funded by the UK Department of Energy & Climate Change, the Scottish Government, Collaborative Offshore Wind Research into the Environment (COWRIE) and Oil & Gas UK. Digital aerial surveys were funded by Moray Offshore Renewables Ltd and additional funding for analysis of the combined datasets was provided by Marine Scotland. Collaboration between the University of Aberdeen and Marine Scotland was supported by MarCRF. We thank colleagues at the University of Aberdeen, Moray First Marine, NERI, Hi-Def Aerial Surveying Ltd and Ravenair for essential support in the field, particularly Tim Barton, Bill Ruck, Rasmus Nielson and Dave Rutter. Thanks also to Andy Webb, David Borchers, Len Thomas, Kelly McLeod, David L. Miller, Dinara Sadykova and Thomas Cornulier for advice on survey design and statistical approache. Data Accessibility Data are available from the Dryad Digital Repository: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cf04g

Charles Town, South Carolina: with a chart of the bars & harbour

by R. Cowley.

Safe Harbour or into the storm? EU-US data transfers after the Schrems judgment. Liberty and security in Europe No. 85/November 2015

In its recent Schrems judgment the Luxembourg Court annulled Commission Decision 2000/520 according to which US data protection rules are sufficient to satisfy EU privacy rules regarding EU-US transfers of personal data, otherwise known as the ‘Safe Harbour’ framework. What does this judgment mean and what are its main implications for EU-US data transfers? In this paper the authors find that this landmark judgment sends a strong message to EU and US policy-makers about the need to ensure clear rules governing data transfers, so that people whose personal data is transferred to third countries have sufficient legal guarantees. Without such rules there is legal uncertainty and mistrust. Any future arrangement for the transatlantic transfer of data will therefore need to be firmly anchored in a framework of protection commensurate to the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and the EU data protection architecture.

(Table 1, page 605) Chemistry of concretions from Grand Lake (GL) and Ship Harbour Lake (SH), Nova Scotia and Mosque Lake (ML), Ontario

Studies by optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and electron probe techniques of ferromanganese concretions from three Canadian lakes reveal chemical banding of amorphous hydrated iron and manganese oxides. The average ratio of iron to manganese in concretions from these lakes varies from 0.43 to 2.56. The concentrations of cobalt, nickel, copper, and lead are one to two orders of magnitude below those reported for oceanic ferromanganese concretions.

Tabular statements of the accounts of the Belfast harbour, for the year 1786 to [1849].

Disbound Original Held in Oak Street Library Facility.

Observations on the reports laid before the Right Hon. and Hon. the Directors General of Inland Navigation in Ireland, for the improvement of Dublin Harbor... : Assisted by ten engravings with the general outlines of a plan for the improvement of the harbour of Dublin, and that at Irelands̕ eye.

Mode of access: Internet.

The oriental races and tribes, residents and visitors of Bombay : a series of photographs with letter-press descriptions /

Includes 51 mounted albumen prints depicting members of tribes and social classes in Bombay, India.

The Bombay calendar and almanac.

Mode of access: Internet.

Transactions of the Literary Society of Bombay.

Mode of access: Internet.