Estudio de las respuestas socioeducativas ofrecidas a los inmigrantes de la Región de Murcia y propuesta formativa para trabajadores sociales.

Constatar la validez de la siguiente hipótesis: que la atención a las personas inmigrantes de la Región de Murcia se da en clave asistencial, ignorando las posibilidades de trabajo educativo.. Se emplean métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Los primeros han permitido trabajar los datos recogidos en el cuestionario de elaboración propia. Los cualitativos se han trabajado a partir de una entrevista semiestructurada que matiza los datos del cuestionario dirigido a los profesionales que ejercen su labor con personas inmigrantes y a los propios inmigrantes. Los profesionales entrevistados son fundamentalmente trabajadores sociales y educadores sociales. A partir de estas informaciones se elabora una propuesta para la formación de los mismos. . Los profesionales son realmente poco expertos en el trabajo con personas inmigrantes, cuestión bastante lógica porque la explosión demográfica de la inmigración es también relativamente reciente en la Región de Murcia. El 70 por ciento de los profesionales tiene menos de tres años de experiencia y solo un porcentaje cercano al 2 por ciento tiene una experiencia laboral de más de cinco años. la gran mayoría de los profesionales que trabajan con inmigrantes tiene relación contractual con la administración a través de empresas de servicios y son jóvenes de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 30 años. Hay más mujeres que hombres (56-44 por ciento). La hipótesis de partida es confirmada por los propios trabajadores sociales, educadores sociales, pedagogos y demás profesionales quienes afirman que la atención es, la mayor parte de las veces, paliativa. Respecto a la propuesta formativa se ha acudido a los profesionales de la práctica para que se expresaran en el sentido de mejorar su formación en función de los retos que les plantea la situación de pluriculturalidad. De ahí que las reflexiones de la propuesta formativa se basen en los resultados de las encuestas y de las entrevistas..

Implicaciones psicopedag??gicas en el an??lisis de textos escolares : editorial Luis Vives, primera etapa EGB

Estudiar el grado de est??mulo y de desarrollo con que los textos escolares promueven de facto las actividades psicol??gicas que se estiman necesarias para la realizaci??n plena de la personalidad de los estudiantes en la editorial 'Luis Vives'. Cabe concluir que los textos de la editorial 'Luis Vives', en la primera etapa de EGB, satisfacen las condiciones m??nimas para el est??mulo y desarrollo de las categor??as psicologicas escogidas, es m??s, bajo ciertos aspectos, sobre todo los relativos a la imaginaci??n, inteligencia y creatividad, los textos pueden ser calificados bien, por cuanto incentivan la promoci??n alta de estas categorias. A??n, cuando en cuanto a la creatividad estos libros no parecen favorecerla decisivamente. Es de hacer notar, con todo, que las categor??as concernientes a la motricidad, atenci??n y lenguaje, mantienen en todos los libros un nivel alto y constante los textos analizados parecen ser aptos para el desarrollo de la personalidad de los estudiantes desde la perspectiva de la psicolog??a evolutiva.

El ejercicio político de la maternidad en la cárcel de mujeres de Quito: testimonios y perspectivas

El presente trabajo de tesis se basa en la experiencia vivida durante un trabajo de alrededor de tres años (2004-2007), en el Centro de Rehabilitación Femenino de Quito y las relaciones de amistad y estima que se fueron construyendo y se mantienen con varias mujeres encarceladas. Es una aproximación a la maternidad entendida y pensada desde las mujeres que se encuentran en este lugar. Vincula el sentido de la maternidad con el ejercicio político de la misma. La madre que reclama pugna por una dimensión política de su vida. Es una visión que no indaga criminales ni culpables, sino que mira la maternidad como forma de relación. Bebe de lo cotidiano para evidenciar el antagonismo entre la cárcel pensada desde el Estado y la cárcel vivida por mujeres madres. Esta reflexión se fundamenta en las experiencias de algunas mujeres encarceladas, la autora y los acontecimientos que hacen de la cárcel un lugar a ser pensado desde la dimensión afectiva y la dimensión política del ser mujeres-madres. El trabajo aborda la vida en primera persona y desde ahí plantea que lo que está directamente en juego, en el poder, es la producción y la reproducción de la vida misma, porque mientras exista vida las formas de relación se producen y re-producen incesantemente. El mundo, y por tanto las relaciones, son dinámicas y no estáticas. Las principales líneas de análisis son: la voz de las mujeres encarceladas, mediante la cual, nos cuentan cómo viven su maternidad; la maternidad colectiva, maternidad compartida -significación del rol genérico desde la experiencia de algunas madres - que se construye en un espacio como la cárcel y, la cárcel vivida a partir de las prácticas, tácticas y estrategias que utilizan las mujeres para vivir el encierro desde la especificidad de género.

Promesas en su laberinto: cambios y continuidades en los gobiernos progresistas de América Latina

Los textos de este libro se proponen contribuir al debate sobre los procesos de cambio que se están dando en Bolivia, Ecuador y Venezuela. Se abordan críticamente las experiencias de los tres países, con un particular énfasis en las tensiones/contradicciones entre los objetivos de los procesos de cambio, tal como fueron formulados en sus procesos constituyentes fundantes y programas de gobierno, y lo logrado hasta el momento1. Se parte entonces de los propósitos formulados públicamente por los gobiernos, y para evaluar sus avances se toma como referencia cifras oficiales que éstos presentan en diversas fuentes.

Numerical simulation of baroclinic waves with a parameterized boundary layer

A dry three-dimensional baroclinic life cycle model is used to investigate the role of turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum within the boundary layer on mid-latitude cyclones. Simulations are performed of life cycles for two basic states, both with and without turbulent fluxes. The different basic states produce cyclones with contrasting frontal and mesoscale-flow structures. The analysis focuses on the generation of potential-vorticity (PV) in the boundary layer and its subsequent transport into the free troposphere. The dynamic mechanism through which friction mitigates a barotropic vortex is that of Ekman pumping. This has often been assumed to be also the dominant mechanism for baroclinic developments. The PV framework highlights an additional, baroclinic mechanism. Positive PV is generated baroclinically due to friction to the north-east of a surface low and is transported out of the boundary layer by a cyclonic conveyor belt flow. The result is an anomaly of increased static stability in the lower troposphere which restricts the growth of the baroclinic wave. The reduced coupling between lower and upper levels can be sufficient to change the character of the upper-level evolution of the mature wave. The basic features of the baroclinic damping mechanism are robust for different frontal structures, with and without turbulent heat fluxes, and for the range of surface roughness found over the oceans.

The two-dimensional anharmonic oscillator III: the CCC bending mode of C3O2

Newly observed data on the rotational constants of carbon suboxide in excited vibrational states of the low-wavenumber bending vibration ν7 have been successfully interpreted in terms of the two-dimensional anharmonic oscillator wavefunctions associated with this vibration. By combining these results with published infrared and Raman spectra the vibrational assignment has been extended and a refined bending potential for ν7 has been derived: this has a minimum at a bending angle of about 24° at the central C atom, with an energy maximum at the linear configuration some 23 cm−1 above the minimum. From similar data on the combination and hot bands of ν7 with ν4 (1587 cm−1) and ν2 (786 cm−1) the effective ν7 bending potential has also been determined in the one-quantum excited states of ν4 and ν2. The effective ν7 potential shows significant changes from the ground vibrational state; the central hump in the ν7 potential surface is increased to about 50 cm−1 in the v4 = 1 state, and decreased to about 1 cm−1 in the v2 = 1 state. In the light of these results vibrational assignments are suggested for most of the observed bands in the infrared and Raman spectra of C3O2.

Calibration and use of a cesium-iodide prism in the infrared

With a cesium-iodide prism the long wavelength range of an infrared spectrometer may be extended to 55µ The use of such a prism, the choice of optical system, and the problems of stray radiation are all discussed. Accurate data are assembled for calibration in this region, and sample calibration traces are shown. A simple gas absorption cell is described for use at long wavelengths.

Quantitative response of the longevity of seed of twelve crops to temperature and moisture in hermetic storage

Seeds of 39 seed lots of a total of twelve different crops were stored hermetically in a wide range of air-dry environments (2-25% moisture content at 0-50 degrees C), viability assessed periodically, and the seed viability equation constants estimated. Within a species, estimates of the constants which quantify absolute longevity (K-E) and the relative effects on longevity of moisture content (C-W) and temperature (C-H and C-Q) did not differ (P >0.05 to P >0.25) among lots. Comparison among the 12 crops provided variant estimates of K-E and C-W (P< 0.01), but common values of C-H and C-Q (0.0322 and 0.000454, respectively, P >0.25). Maize (Zea mays) provided the greatest estimate of K-E (9.993, s.e.= 0.456), followed by sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) (9.381, s.e. 0.428), pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) (9.336, s.e.= 0.408), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) (8.988, s.e.= 0.387), African rice (Oryza glaberrima) (8.786, s.e.= 0.484), wheat (Triticum aestivum) (8.498, s.e.= 0.431), foxtail millet (Setaria italica) (8.478, s.e.= 0.396), sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) (8.454, s.e.= 0.545), finger millet (Eleusine coracana) (8.288, s.e.= 0.392), kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) (8.138, s.e.= 0.418), rice (Oryza sativa) (8.096, s.e.= 0.416) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) (8.037, s.e.= 0.397). Similarly, estimates of C-W were ranked maize (5.993, s.e.= 0.392), pearl millet (5.540, s.e.= 0.348), sorghum (5.379, s.e.=0.365), potato (5.152, s.e.= 0.347), sugar beet (4.969, s.e.= 0.328), sugar cane (4.964, s.e.= 0.518), foxtail millet (4.829, s.e.= 0.339), wheat (4.836, s.e.= 0.366), African rice (4.727, s.e.= 0.416), kodo millet (4.435, s.e.= 0.360), finger millet (4.345, s.e.= 0.336) and rice (4.246, s.e.= 0.355). The application of these constants to long-term seed storage is discussed.

Effects of contrasting forage diets on phosphorus utilisation in lactating dairy cows

The effects of different forage mixtures on duodenal flow and faecal output of phosphorus (P) were measured in lactating dairy cows in two experiments. The forages comprised grass silage (GS) alone or mixtures of GS and urea-treated whole crop wheat (WCW). Replacement of GS by high levels of WCW resulted in a significant decrease in total P (TP), water-soluble P (WSP) and acid-soluble P (ASP) intakes, but increased phytate P (PP) and acid-insoluble P (AIP) intakes. Duodenal flows of all P fractions were unaffected by dietary treatments. However, the amounts of all fractions flowing to the intestine were much higher than the amounts consumed-with the exception of AIP, which was unchanged, and PP, which was considerably reduced. Diets did not significantly affect faecal outputs of TP, ASP, PP and AIP; however, faecal outputs of WSP were significantly higher on WCW than GS diets. Inclusion of WCW significantly decreased TP and WSP availabilities in the total tract but did not affect PP and AIP availabilities. A new fraction of P, which was not present in the feeds, was found in significant amounts in the intestines and proved to be soluble in dilute acid but insoluble in water. Estimated annual excretions for a herd of 100 cows ranged from 1550 to 1721 kg for total P of which 337-786 kg was WSP. The results suggest that GS based diets deposit more P in the environment. However, the potential to cause P pollution depends not only on the quantity but also on the nature of faecal P and on soil parameters. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Functional coupling of the human dopamine D-2 receptor with G alpha(i1), G alpha(i2), G alpha(i3) and G alpha(o) G proteins: evidence for agonist regulation of G protein selectivity

1 The human dopamine D-2long (D-2L) receptor was expressed with four different G proteins in Sf9 cells using the baculovirus expression system. When co-expressed with G(i)/G(o) G proteins (G(i1)alpha, G(i2)alpha, G(i3)alpha, or G(o)alpha, plus Gbeta(1) and Ggamma(2)) the receptor displayed a high-affinity binding site for the agonists (dopamine and NPA), which was sensitive to GTP (100 mum), demonstrating interaction between the receptor and the different G proteins. 2 The receptor to G protein ratio (R: G ratio) was evaluated using [H-3]-spiperone saturation binding (R) and [S-35]-GTPgammaS saturation binding (G). R: G ratios of 1: 12, 1: 3, 1: 14 and 1: 5 were found for G(i1), G(i2), G(i3), and Go preparations, respectively. However, when R:G ratios of 1:2 and 1: 12 were compared for G(i2) and G(o), no difference was found for the stimulation of [S-35]-GTPgammaS binding. 3 Several agonists were tested for their ability to stimulate [S-35]-GTPgammaS binding to membranes co-expressing the receptor and various G proteins. All the compounds tested showed agonist activity in preparations expressing G(i3) and G(o). However, for G(i2) and G(i1) preparations, compounds such as S-(-)-3-PPP and p-tyramine were unable to stimulate [S-35]-GTPyS binding. 4 Most of the compounds showed higher relative efficacies (compared to dopamine) and higher potencies in the preparation expressing G(o). Comparison of the effects of different agonists in the different preparations showed that each agonist differentially activates the four G proteins. 5 We conclude that the degree of selectivity of G protein activation by the D-2L receptor can depend on the conformation of the receptor stabilised by an agonist.

The kinetics of the 2π+2π photodimerisation reactions of single-crystalline derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid: a study by infrared microspectroscopy

The kinetics of the photodimerisation reactions of the 2- and 4-β-halogeno-derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid (where the halogen is fluorine, chlorine or bromine) have been investigated by infrared microspectroscopy. It is found that none of the reactions proceed to 100% yield. This is in line with a reaction mechanism developed by Wernick and his co-workers that postulates the formation of isolated monomers within the solid, which cannot react. β-4-Bromo and β-4-chloro-trans-cinnamic acids show approximately first order kinetics, although in both cases the reaction accelerates somewhat as it proceeds. First order kinetics is explained in terms of a reaction between one excited- and one ground-state monomer molecule, while the acceleration of the reaction implies that it is promoted as defects are formed within the crystal. By contrast β-2-chloro-trans-cinnamic acid shows a strongly accelerating reaction which models closely to the contracting cube equation. β-2-Fluoro- and β-4-fluoro-trans-cinnamic acids show a close match to first order kinetics. The 4-fluoro-derivative, however, shows a reaction that proceeds via a structural intermediate. The difference in behaviour between the 2-fluoro- and 4-fluoro-derivative may be due to different C–HF hydrogen bonds observed within these single-crystalline starting materials.

Light-assisted synthesis of a Ru(VI) nitrido complex by the reaction of azide with a Ru(III) complex

Reaction of Ru(III)(L)(dmf)Cl-3 (1) (L = 4,4,4',4'-tetramethyl-2,2'- bisoxazoline, dmf = N,N-dimethylformamide) with an excess of sodium azide in a methanol-water mixture leads to the isolation of the sodium salt of a Ru( VI) nitrido complex of the tetraanion of N,N'-bis-(2,2-dimethyl-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamide ( L'H-4; H a dissociable proton) of the formulation Na[Ru(L')(N)(H2O)].1.4H(2)O (2). Complex 2 is not generated in the absence of light. A tentative mechanism for the reaction is proposed and a Ru(IV) intermediate, Na[Ru(L')(N-3)(H2O)] . 2CH(3)OH.2H(2)O (3), isolated.

Toughness & oblique metalcutting

The implications of whether new surfaces in cutting are formed just by plastic flow past the tool or by some fracturelike separation process involving significant surface work, are discussed. Oblique metalcutting is investigated using the ideas contained in a new algebraic model for the orthogonal machining of metals (Atkins, A. G., 2003, "Modeling Metalcutting Using Modern Ductile Fracture Mechanics: Quantitative Explanations for Some Longstanding Problems," Int. J. Mech. Sci., 45, pp. 373–396) in which significant surface work (ductile fracture toughnesses) is incorporated. The model is able to predict explicit material-dependent primary shear plane angles and provides explanations for a variety of well-known effects in cutting, such as the reduction of at small uncut chip thicknesses; the quasilinear plots of cutting force versus depth of cut; the existence of a positive force intercept in such plots; why, in the size-effect regime of machining, anomalously high values of yield stress are determined; and why finite element method simulations of cutting have to employ a "separation criterion" at the tool tip. Predictions from the new analysis for oblique cutting (including an investigation of Stabler's rule for the relation between the chip flow velocity angle C and the angle of blade inclination i) compare consistently and favorably with experimental results.

Orthogonal forward selection for constructing the radial basis function network with tunable nodes

An orthogonal forward selection (OFS) algorithm based on the leave-one-out (LOO) criterion is proposed for the construction of radial basis function (RBF) networks with tunable nodes. This OFS-LOO algorithm is computationally efficient and is capable of identifying parsimonious RBF networks that generalise well. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is fully automatic and the user does not need to specify a termination criterion for the construction process.