Cultivation of the brown alga Hizikia fusiformis (Harvey) Okamura: enhanced seedling production in tumbled culture

The reuse of holdfasts for regeneration of young seedlings or using wild juvenile plants as the seedling source has played the major role in commercial cultivation of the brown alga Hizikia fusiformis in East Asia over the past 20 years. The possibility of employing zygote-derived germlings for producing seedlings has been discussed in the literature, but has not yet become a reality. Three main obstacles have limited the use of zygotes as a main source of seedlings, (1) the dioecious nature of the algal life cycle which may lead to asynchronous male and female receptacle development and thus different timing of egg and spermatozoa expulsion, (2) the low attachment rate when using zygote-derived germlings with developed rhizoids from wild parental plants for seeding production, and (3) the problem of culturing young germlings in regions where water temperature is high in summer. In this investigation, shifting the timing of receptacle formation earlier than in nature was performed by tumbling the algae in a long-day tank (16-h light per day). Synchronization of egg and spermatozoa expulsion and thereafter fertilization were conducted in indoor tanks. Receptacle formation in constant long days could be shifted by 20 days earlier than in plants cultured on long lines in the open sea, or I month earlier than in plants growing on intertidal rocks. Synchronized expulsion of eggs and spermatozoon led to a high rate of fertilization. This was achieved by tumbling the male and female receptacle-bearing branchlets in the same tank at low density in high irradiance. In two independent trials, a total of 1,400,000 zygote-derived germlings were obtained from 620 g (fresh weight) female sporophytes. The germlings shed from the receptacles were at an identical developmental stage indicating high synchronization of expulsion of eggs and spermatozoon followed by fertilization. Approximately 63% ( +/-9.6%) of the germlings were shed from the receptacle between 16 and 24 It after fertilization and 20% ( +/-11.9%) remained on the receptacle for 3 days after fertilization. Germlings were seeded on string collectors before rhizoids started to elongate and the attachment efficiency was enhanced. Young seedlings reached 800 ( +/-50) mum in length in 25 days at 25 degreesC before they were transferred to open sea cultivation. These results provide the basis of a practical way of seedling production by use of zygote-derived germlings in the commercial cultivation of Hizikia fusiformis. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

藻类有机物在富含粘土海洋沉积物中的氧化还原降解研究

研究海洋沉积有机物的早期成岩过程是海洋地球化学的重要内容，也是研究全球碳循环不可缺少的核心课题。本文通过模拟有机物在沉积物－海水界面的降解实验，研究了海洋藻类有机物在富含粘土沉积物中不同氧化还原条件下的降解过程及有机物稳定碳同位素比值的变化。通过为期245天的培养实验，我们分析测定了总有机碳（TOC）、脂肪酸、长链烷烃的含量随时间的变化以及总有机碳和单一脂肪酸化合物同位素组成的变化。结果表明粘土、沉积物氧化还原环境、微生物活动，化合物分子结构、有机物来源等是影响有机物降解的重要因素。藻类有机物在富含粘土沉积物中的降解是一个快速过程，其降解速率可以用简单的早期成岩公式（-dGt / dt = ∑kiGi）很好的描述。应用该模型计算了脂肪酸和长链烷烃的降解速率常数。其中脂肪酸的降解速率常数为0.011-0.119 d-1，低于已报道的用未添加粘土的海洋沉积物培养实验得到的速率常数值。该研究实验显示，粘土对沉积有机物有一定的吸附作用，从而对有机物的降解过程起到不同程度的保护作用。长链烷烃的降解速率常数比脂肪酸稍高，为0.013-0.158 d-1，该值与已报道的经水体降解后沉降到海洋沉积物中残余长链烷烃的降解速率常数相当。TOC，脂肪酸和长链烷烃的降解在氧化环境下比在还原环境下快。脂肪酸和长链烷烃的降解不仅受到环境因素的影响，其自身分子结构特征也是很重要的控制因素。脂肪酸化合物双键数目越多，降解的越快；长链烷烃的碳链越短，降解越快。沉积有机物的早期成岩过程对总有机碳及不同化合物的稳定碳同位素比值具有不同的影响。在245天的培养实验过程中，总有机碳稳定同位素比值（δ13C）有所降低，但变化范围不大且受环境影响较小。而几种主要脂肪酸的δ13C值有不同程度的变化趋势。14：0和16：1的δ13C值降低，18：1的δ13C值升高，而16：0和20：5的δ13C值基本保持不变。因此，在利用沉积物中的生物标志化合物碳稳定同位素研究有机物来源及古海洋生物地球化学过程时，应考虑到早期成岩作用对其同位素比值的影响。

扇贝丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因CfKZSPI及Aikunitz的克隆与重组表达

扇贝养殖是我国重要的海水养殖产业，然而自1997 年以来，养殖扇贝陆续爆发的大规模死亡，不但造成了巨大的经济损失，而且严重影响了该产业的健康发展。丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制因子及丝氨酸蛋白酶在无脊椎动物的免疫应答中起着核心作用，它们的协同作用直接导致外界病源入侵的信号转导和级联放大，并进一步激活一系列防御体系，如黑化反应、血液凝结和抗菌肽的合成等。因此，克隆扇贝参与免疫防御的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因并对其功能进行研究，将有助于进一步研究扇贝的免疫防御机制，丰富和发展无脊椎动物免疫学的内容。 运用大规模EST技术和RACE技术从栉孔扇贝中克隆出一个Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因，定名为CfKZSPI。该基因cDNA序列全长1788bp，其中5' 非编码区（Untranslated Region, UTR）为97 bp，3' UTR161 bp，有一个典型的多聚腺苷酸信号序列（AATAAA）和一个ploy A 尾巴，开放阅读框（Open Reading Frame, ORF）含有1530 bp，编码509 个氨基酸残基。对其推测氨基酸序列进行分析，发现其中包括22个氨基酸残基组成的信号肽序列和12个Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂结构域。采用QRT-PCR（quantitative real time PCR）对鳗弧菌浸泡刺激后栉孔扇贝血淋巴中CfKZSPI 的 mRNA表达量进行了检测，发现其mRNA 的表达量在鳗弧菌刺激后3h明显上升，达到空白组的43.6倍；然后在6h时有所下降，为空白组的15.0倍；随着菌刺激时间的增长，CfKZSPI基因的 mRNA 表达量急剧增加，在刺激后8h，12h，24h分别达到空白组的174.1，207.8，675.4倍。统计分析发现3h（P=0.019<0.05）和12h（P=0.020<0.05）时，CfKZSPI基因mRNA表达量与空白组差异均显著。为了研究栉孔扇贝CfKZSPI的蛋白活性，将其第十二个结构域克隆到pET-32a（+）载体中，转化大肠杆菌Rosetta-gami（DE3）表达菌株，获得可溶性表达的蛋白rCfKZSPI-12，对其进行抑制蛋白酶活性的分析，发现其对胰蛋白酶有很强的抑制活性，而对凝血酶没有抑制活性。当rCfKZSPI-12与胰蛋白酶分子比率为1：1时，约90%的蛋白酶活性被抑制。运用狄更斯作图法研究rCfKZSPI-12对胰蛋白酶的抑制能力，结果发现其对胰蛋白酶的抑制常数为173 nmol L-1。 采用同样方法从海湾扇贝cDNA文库中克隆出一个Kunitz型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因，定名为Aikunitz。该基因全长632 bp，其中5' UTR 为105 bp，3' UTR 为 245 bp，有一个典型的多聚腺苷酸信号序列（AATAAA）和一个ploy A 尾巴，ORF 含有282 bp，编码93 个氨基酸残基。推测的氨基酸序列N末端有一个20个氨基酸残基组成的信号肽序列，成熟蛋白包括一个Kunitz型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂结构域。采用QRT-PCR对鳗弧菌和藤黄微球菌感染后海湾扇贝血淋巴中Aikunitz 的mRNA的表达量进行了检测，结果发现其在鳗弧菌刺激后3h到9h持续上升，9h时表达量为PBS对照组的4.49倍（P=0.008<0.05），然后开始下降，在72h时表达量为对照组的0.24倍（P=0.021<0.05）；而在藤黄微球菌刺激后3h到12h其表达量上升，其中6h时为空白组的5.95倍（P=0.0004<0.01）；12h以后迅速下降，其中24h的表达量为对照组的0.38倍（P=0.028<0.05）。将Aikunitz基因编码的成熟蛋白按照重组CfKZSPI-12的方法进行重组表达，并对重组蛋白进行抑制蛋白酶和抑菌活性分析。结果发现其对胰蛋白酶和弹性蛋白酶两种丝氨酸蛋白酶都没有抑制作用。抑菌实验同样发现，重组Aikunitz 对供试的革兰氏阳性菌藤黄微球菌和革兰氏阴性菌鳗弧菌和大肠杆菌都不显示明显抑菌活性。

高位虾池水色及其它环境因子变化对凡纳滨对虾生长的影响

本文研究了16口虾塘的饲料投喂量、水位、盐度、透明度、水温、pH、溶解氧浓度、NH3-N浓度、水色、对虾体长及浮游植物的种类和数量等水体理化因子和生物因子的变化。经过统计分析结果如下： 在养殖前4个月饲料的日平均投喂量基本上呈一个倒“U”型。即随着养殖时间的推移，饲料日平均投喂量逐渐增大，到养殖60 d左右，饲料日平均投喂量达到了最大值，然后进入一个平台期，平台期大约维持30 d左右，随后饲料日平均投喂量逐渐减少。在120 d~130 d饲料日平均投喂量降到最低点后又逐渐回升。 水位平均值变化趋势基本相同，均为前浅后深，即随着养殖时间的推移养殖水位平均值逐渐加深 。 盐度变化趋势基本相同，均为前低后高，即随着养殖时间的推移养殖水体盐度逐渐升高。 透明度的总体变化趋势为：早上透明度比下午大，前期透明度比后期大。 水温基本上是随着养殖时间的推移而逐渐下降。6:30的水温比17:30的水温低。且6:30水温与17:30水温基本上呈平行趋势。 pH变化的总体趋势为：前期较高，随着养殖时间的推移pH逐渐下降，到中期（90d左右）pH降到最低点，尔后又逐渐上升，略呈“V”字形。早上的pH比下午的低。且早上的pH与下午的pH基本上呈平行趋势，间或有较大波动。 6:30时溶解氧浓度的平均值随着养殖时间的推移而逐渐增高。17:30时溶解氧浓度的平均值在整个养殖过程中比较平稳。同时，17:30时溶解氧浓度的平均值高于6:30，养殖前期（前90d）这种趋势更明显。 NH3-N浓度的平均值随着养殖时间的推移而逐渐增高。在养殖后期NH3-N浓度的波动较大。同时，养殖过程中17:30时NH3-N浓度的平均值高于6:30。 6:30时出现9~21号水色，它们出现的比例分别为：9号占0.1%，10号占0.3%，11号占1.1%， 12号0.6%，13号1.5%，14号占3.7%，15号占7.1%，16号占17.5%，17号占22.0%，18号占15.9%，19号占13.7%，20号10.9%，21号占5.8%；17:30时出现11~21号水色，它们出现的比例分别为11号占0.1%， 12号占0.3%，13号占1.2%，14号占4.0%，15号占6.0%，16号占17.8%，17号占24.7%，18号占18.1%，19号占11.8%，20号占9.7%，21号5.7%。 在11种典型水色中共检出浮游植物67种。其中11号水色检出16种，优势种为诺马斜纹藻（占总数47.1%）和菱形海线藻（占总数29.8%）。12号水色共检出16种，优势种为原甲藻（占总数40.85%）和圆筛藻（占总数20.73%）。13号水色共检出16种，优势种为颤藻（占总数45.58%）。14号水色共检出18种，优势种为拟货币直链藻（占总数56.73%）和膝沟藻（占总数12.87%）。15号水色共检出18种，优势种为诺马斜纹藻（占总数64.76%）。16号水色共检出16种，优势种为拟货币直链藻（占总数69.93%）。17号水色共检出14种，优势种为诺马斜纹藻（占总数62.56%）和膝沟藻（占总数15.76%）。18号水色共检出21种，优势种为拟货币直链藻（占总数71.19%）。19号水色共检出18种，优势种为圆筛藻（占总数94.99%）。20号水色共检出18种，优势种为圆筛藻（占总数87.14%）。21号水色共检出15种，优势种为拟货币直链藻（占总数59.80%）和萎软几内亚藻（占总数17.57%）。 相关分析结果表明高位池理化因子中对水色的主要影响因素：17:30PH值、养殖生物量、17:30NH3-N、17:30 透明度、水交换量。 对体长的主要影响因素为 6:30溶解氧、水交换量、17：30水色、饲料投喂量、盐度、17:30透明度、17:30水温、6:30NH3-N。 对对虾本身生物学形状对体重的影响研究表明体长、头胸甲长、胸宽、额剑下缘刺数目对体重的通径系数达到显著水平，它们是直接影响体重的重要指标，其中体长对体重的直接影响（0.428**）最大，是影响体重的最主要因素，其次为头胸甲长（0.290**）和胸宽（0.245**），额剑下缘刺数对体重的直接影响（0.070*）较小；胸高与体重的相关程度很大（0.7923），但它与额剑上缘刺数对体重的直接影响都非常小，主要通过其他性状间接影响活体重，是影响体重的次要因素。

Study on growth factors of intermetallic layer within hot-dipped 25% Al-Zn alloy coating on steel

25%Al-Zn alloy coating performs better than hot dip galvanized coating and 55%Al-Zn-Si coating with regard to general seawater corrosion protection. This study deals with the interfacial intermetallic layer's growth, which affects considerably the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of 25%Al-Zn alloy coatings, by means of three-factor quadratic regressive orthogonal experiments, The regression equation shows that the intermetallic layer thickness decreases rapidly with increasing content of Si added to the Zn-Al alloy bath, increases with rise in bath temperature and prolonging dip time. The most effective factor that determined the thickness of intermetallic layer was the amount of Si added to Zn-Al alloy bath, while the effect of bath temperature and dip time on the thickness of intermetallic layer were not very obvious.

Effect of nano-TiO(2)on MP-25 resin

MP-25 resin is a chlorine-containing polymer widely used in coatings. The effects of two types of nano-TiO2 (P-25 and RM301 LP) on MP-25 were studied with saline immersion, UV irradiation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. UV irradiation was evaluated in terms of gloss change and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that, compared to pigment R-930 TiO2, P-25 reduced the immersion resistance and accelerated UV aging of the MP-25 coating, whereas RM301 LP showed the opposite effects. XPS analysis showed that MP-25 resin degraded under UV irradiation via dechlorination and C-C bond breakage, similarly to poly(vinyl chloride), but RM301 LP could inhibit the aging of MP-25 to a certain extent. A skin effect of oxygen and chlorine was identified in MP-25 resin by XPS. RM301 LP could improve the impedance of the MP-25 coating because of its excellent fill capacity. Hence, rutile nano-TiO2 RM301 LP represents an excellent additive for MP-25 resin. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

压力和铁含量对铁方镁石(Mg1-xFex)O(x<=0.25)弹性常数影响的第一性原理研究

By first principle methods based on density functional theory (DFT),the equation of state(EOS) and elastic constants of both periclase and ferropericlase are calculated. The pressure and iron doping effects on the elastic constants of ferropericlase are investigated systematically. Firstly, we calculate the elastic constants of periclase and compare the obtained results with experimental data and other theoretical calculations, which shows a encouraging consistence and demonstrates the practicability of first-principle methods. Secondly, by adding iron into periclase crystal model, we build up ferropericlase with iron contents ranging from 0% to 25% mole percent. The corresponding elastic constants are calculated in a large pressure range(0~120GPa). Emphatically, the strong correlation of 3d electrons in transitional elements, such as iron, is difficult to treat in first-principle methods for a long time. The current solution is to make additional correction. During the initial stage of this study, the strong correlation of 3d electrons in iron is not considered, and we observed that addition of iron decreases the volume of ferropericlase, which is totally contradictory to the experimental data. By applying LDA+U approximation in order to solve the strongly correlated 3d electron of iron, we observed the expansion of volume by iron as expected. On the basis of the LDA+U approximation, the elastic constants of ferropericlase are calculated. After a detailed analysis of data obtained from theoretical calculations, we have reached the following conclusions:(1)pressure imposes positive effects on all elastic constants, and the degree of effects is C11>C12>C44. (2) Iron has no distinctive effects on C11 and C12, although some fluctuations are observed around 60GPa. However, iron has obvious softening effects on C44 The softening effects on C44 are intensified as pressure increases. Above the 100GPa, the effects increase greatly, even surpasses the pressure's positive effects in ferropericlase crystal models with iron mole percent of having 12.5%, 18.75% and 25% iron content. (3)As to the modulus deprived from elastic constants, iron has no effect on the adiabatic bulk module BS, only a little fluctuation around 60GPa. We find iron's softening effects on shear modulus G. (4)We find out that, compared with low iron content, elastic constants with iron content approaching 25mole% is consistently fluctuated，which may be caused by the limitations of the LDA+U approximation method itself. (5)We investigate the pressure and Fe doping effects on elastic anisotropy factor（A=(2C44+C12-C11)/C11） of ferropericlase and find out that iron contents will lower the critical isotropic pressure. At the same pressure, when the pressure is below the isotropic pressure, iron softens the anisotropy factor ; when pressure surpasses the isotropic pressure, iron increases the anisotropy factor.

山西堡子湾金矿角砾岩带控矿规律、成矿时代及隐伏矿体定位预测

The Puziwan gold deposit is located at the northern boundary of the North China platform where there are very favorable ore-forming conditions. The deposit is a medium-sized gold deposit associated with silver and copper polymetallic minerallization which were closely related to cryptoexplosive processes and fluidization and underwent multi-epoch superposition of mineralization. The mineralization consists of cryptoexplosive breccia-type, fluidizing-type, porphyry-type, quartz vein-type, etc. The ore-controlling law of ore-bearing brecciated zone is systematically studied in the paper. The shape, scale and attitude of ore bodies are dominat in the upper, the ore bodies of fluidizing breccia-type are dominant in the upper and the middle part, the porphyry-type ore bodies are dominant in the bottom. The quartz vein-type ore bodies are impenetrated in all the brecciated zone. The metallogenic epoch of Puziwan gold deposit is collated and stipulated. The Rb-Sr isochron age of quartz porphyry (wall rock) is 233 Ma, refering to the Ar-Ar age of gold-bearing quartz, excluded the former conclusion that the so-called metallogenic epoch (245.9Ma) is in Indosinian epoch. The nonage metallogenic age of Buziwan gold deposit shoule be in the Yanshanian epoch (142.5Ma). By applying the sub-specimen sampling technique, the Rb-Sr isochron age of gold-bearing pyrites in late mineralization epoch is dated to be 64 Ma. In conclusion, the metallogenetic epoch of Puziwan gold deposit is in late Yanshanian-early Himalayan epoch. On the above basis, the metallogenic model of the "train type" and new texture model of ore deposit are established. by applying the methods of geology, shallow seismic exploration, remote sensing, partial geochemical extraction and the study of inclusions in the late granite porphyry, the author has made the metallogenic progosis in the depth and the prephery of Puziwan gold deposit and eight prospecting targets are proposed.

滇西北中旬普朗斑岩铜矿流体包裹体初步研究

普朗斑岩铜矿位于三江地区义敦岛弧南端的中甸弧，是在晚三叠世甘孜．理塘洋盆向西俯冲过程中形成的一个大型．超大型矿床。通过显微测温学和激光拉曼谱学研究，发现普朗斑岩铜矿含矿石英脉中广泛发育富液相包裹体、含CO2三相／两相包裹体、含子晶多相包裹体。子晶种类复杂，盐类矿物主要有石盐、钾盐、方解石、石膏，金属矿物主要为黄铜矿和赤铁矿。流体包裹体中发现有4种流体，即高盐度岩浆流体、含CO2低盐度流体、中等盐度流体以及少量低盐度水溶液。高盐度岩浆流体的均-温度范围457，245℃，均一压力范围（259．33～25．43）×10^5 Pa，盐度为34％-54％NaCl，密度为1．12—1．07g／cm^3，富含Na、K、Ca、Cu、Fe、CO2、C1、S等成分。原始岩浆流体可能是由中酸性岩浆上升至中间岩浆房后直接出溶而成，并汇聚在岩浆房的顶部。在甘孜一理塘洋盆的俯冲过程中，岩浆流体在流体内压和洋盆俯冲所产生的主压应力场的共同作用下，可以间歇性地从岩浆房上涌，为早期岩浆活动（226±3）～（2284-3）Ma所形成的岩浆一热液系统提供了持续的矿质和热源。含CO2低盐度流体与高盐度岩浆流体的相分离作用是导致普朗斑岩铜矿主成矿期网脉状-浸染状矿化的主要原因。

广西贺县龙水金矿床的同位素地球化学研究及成因探讨

广西贺县龙水金矿位于湘桂稳定区，桂粤交界山脉的北段，博白-茶陵深断裂的西侧，区内广泛发育加里东期到燕山期的花岗岩，出露的基底地层主要为震旦系到寒武系。本文主要研究龙水金矿II号矿化带。该带位于寒武系水口群清溪亚群和大宁花岗闪长岩体的接触带附近，围岩为寒武系的碳质板岩，矿脉为硫化物石英脉，主要有黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿和石英等矿物。金矿化与硫化物密切相关。主要的金矿物为银金矿，少许自然金。确定金矿床的成矿年龄一直是个比较刺手的问题。本文选择矿脉中信为是成矿期的石英作为Rb-Sr等时年龄测定的对象，是基于其纯净和其中的原生气液包体基本可代表成矿热液的特征。结果表明其Rb-Sr等时年龄为120.5Ma，并认为此年龄代表了成矿年龄。有石英Rb-Sr等时线的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比为0.732089, 与矿脉中碳酸相加矿物的Sr同位素比值（约为0.7337-0.7402）一起，表明Sr应是来自地壳的富Rb盐矿物的Sr源区。另外，为了与围岩的蚀变年龄对比，测定了近矿围岩的Rb、Sr同位素组成，结果形成两条等时线，年龄分别为245.9 Ma和173.6 Ma，表明成矿以前至少发生了两次地质事件，导致了Sr同位素的均一化。这两次地质事件分别与华南的东吴运动及燕山运动第一幕相对应。矿石Pb同位素的~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、 ~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb 和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb 分别在18.4-18.9、15.6-16.1和38.4-39.6的范围内，并在~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb vs ~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb坐标图上呈现出斜率为1左右的线性排布。只有个别数据点要以得出依据Doe模式的模式年龄，约为200 Ma。在Zart,am Pb构造模式中，矿石Pb同位素数据大部分位于上地壳Pb线以上，呈现出富放射性成因Pb的特征。为了解释异常Pb的成因，本文进行了定量计算。结果表明矿石Pb为古老的存留地壳Pb与少地幔源Pb的混合，即矿石Pb同位素经历了这样的演化过程：在39-29.8亿年间由地幔分异出的地壳 Pb，未参与壳幔循环作用，一直到燕山期，与少量幔源Pb混合，并加入成矿。混合μ值为9.85-10.22。矿石的地质情况及矿石Pb同位素的Δα-Δβ-Δγ示踪结果均支持这一结论。本文初次研究了脉石英中的U、Pb同位素组成。脉石英中Ｕ含量很低。Pb同位素组成基本可以划分为两组，一组为与方铅矿数据近似的普通Pb组成，另一组则较富放射性成因Pb，并向围岩的Pb同位素组成漂移，可能是随着热液的演化和大气降水的加入，受围岩Pb的影响所致。矿脉中硫化物样品的S同位素比值（加权平均为0.16‰）和碳酸盐矿物样品的C同位素比值（在-0.1～-4.1‰的范围内），表明其应为内生来源。根据脉石英的气液包体均一温度（180-250 ），计算与脉石英存在0同位素平衡的热液的同位素的同位素组成，结果为1.2～-4.8‰，表明有大气降水的参与。石英气液包体水溶液为弱碱性，其成分分析表明其中K_2O/Na_2和CaO/MgO（分别根据K~+/Na~+和Ca~(2+)/Mg~(2+)的换算）与围岩相差很大。另外，矿石中微量元素主要为Au、A2g、Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ni、Mo、Bi、Ga、As、Sb、和Hg，而围岩中微量元素则主要为Cu、Ni、Mn、V、Zr、Ti、Cr和Ba。因此，热液中成矿元素主要不是来自围岩。黄铁矿的Co/Ni、S/Se/的比值可以指示热液化的来源。龙水金矿矿脉中黄铁矿的Co/Ni > 1，S/Se < 15000，均在与岩浆作用有关的热液范围内。因此，热液活动应主要与岩浆岩有关。矿石、围岩和花岗闪长岩的稀土配分模式相似，均呈现向右倾斜的V字型，并且类似于太古代后沉积岩。结合Pb、Sr同位素的研究，推测花岗闪长岩的源岩主要为古老的地壳物质。概括起来，龙水金矿床为约120.5 Ma形成的中低温热液矿床；热液中成矿物质主要来自花岗闪长岩。由于围岩与矿床紧密的空间联系及围岩中的高Au含量，围岩可能提供了一部分Au及其他成矿物质。

PRINCIPAIS INDICADORES: AGRÍCOLAS, v. 3, n. 25, 2010.

2010

PRINCIPAIS INDICADORES: LEITE E DERIVADOS, v. 3, n. 25, 2010.

2010

PRINCIPAIS INDICADORES: MACROECONÔMICOS, v. 3, n. 25, 2010.

2010

Levantamento pedológico semidetalhado (1:25.000) da microbacia da Água Três Unidos, município de Vera Cruz (SP).

2002

Embrapa Acre: 25 anos.

Ao longo desses 25 anos, a Embrapa Acre, estrategicamente, efetuou mudanças nos rumos da pesquisa e desenvolvimento no Estado, procurando adequar-se às realidades das políticas vigentes e às tendências econômicas, sociais e ambientais locais e nacionais. Hoje, a imagem da Embrapa Acre é reconhecida pela qualidade técnica do seu trabalho e do seu comprometimento com o desenvolvimento sustentável da Amazônia. A dedicação de funcionários e a valiosa contribuição de parceiros das esferas públicas e privadas resultaram em informações e soluções tecnológicas para aumento da produtividade, melhoria da qualidade de vida e satisfação de clientes, usuá rios e beneficiários de nossos produtos, serviços e tecnologias. Nesta publicação, procuramos sintetizar todo o esforço desta caminhada, cujos resultados permitem contemplar a missão deste Centro de Pesquisa que é "viabilizar soluções tecnológicas para o desenvolvimento sustentável do agronegócio da Amazônia, com foco no Estado do Acre, por meio da geração, adaptação e transferência de conhecimentos e tecnologias, em benefício da sociedade."