970 resultados para 1939-1940
Resumo:
The question of the relationship between the Party and the State is crucial for understanding Soviet political system. Jonathan Harris goes to the heart of the matter by examining two principal views about the Communist Party’s role in Soviet society during the late 1930s and 1940s. Drawing on a meticulous analysis of the main party publications during this period, the author reconstructs the main battle lines between Georgii Malenkov and Andrei Zhdanov, the two antagonists of the book.
The book provides a very detailed and extensive analysis of the debates about Party's role in Soviet system as it appeared in the official press. However, without a much needed discussion of the 1948 reform of the Party apparatus and use of archival sources, there are few arguments which were not already present in the original article by Jonathan Harris published in 1976.
Resumo:
PURPOSE: To investigate whether myopia is becoming more common across Europe and explore whether increasing education levels, an important environmental risk factor for myopia, might explain any temporal trend.
DESIGN: Meta-analysis of population-based, cross-sectional studies from the European Eye Epidemiology (E(3)) Consortium.
PARTICIPANTS: The E(3) Consortium is a collaborative network of epidemiological studies of common eye diseases in adults across Europe. Refractive data were available for 61 946 participants from 15 population-based studies performed between 1990 and 2013; participants had a range of median ages from 44 to 78 years.
METHODS: Noncycloplegic refraction, year of birth, and highest educational level achieved were obtained for all participants. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent ≤-0.75 diopters. A random-effects meta-analysis of age-specific myopia prevalence was performed, with sequential analyses stratified by year of birth and highest level of educational attainment.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Variation in age-specific myopia prevalence for differing years of birth and educational level.
RESULTS: There was a significant cohort effect for increasing myopia prevalence across more recent birth decades; age-standardized myopia prevalence increased from 17.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.6-18.1) to 23.5% (95% CI, 23.2-23.7) in those born between 1910 and 1939 compared with 1940 and 1979 (P = 0.03). Education was significantly associated with myopia; for those completing primary, secondary, and higher education, the age-standardized prevalences were 25.4% (CI, 25.0-25.8), 29.1% (CI, 28.8-29.5), and 36.6% (CI, 36.1-37.2), respectively. Although more recent birth cohorts were more educated, this did not fully explain the cohort effect. Compared with the reference risk of participants born in the 1920s with only primary education, higher education or being born in the 1960s doubled the myopia prevalence ratio-2.43 (CI, 1.26-4.17) and 2.62 (CI, 1.31-5.00), respectively-whereas individuals born in the 1960s and completing higher education had approximately 4 times the reference risk: a prevalence ratio of 3.76 (CI, 2.21-6.57).
CONCLUSIONS: Myopia is becoming more common in Europe; although education levels have increased and are associated with myopia, higher education seems to be an additive rather than explanatory factor. Increasing levels of myopia carry significant clinical and economic implications, with more people at risk of the sight-threatening complications associated with high myopia.
Resumo:
The large-scale persecution of Jews during World War II generated massive refugee movements. Using data from 20,441 predominantly Jewish passengers from 19 countries traveling from Lisbon to New York between 1940 and 1942, we analyze the last wave of refugees escaping the Holocaust and verify the validity of height as a proxy for human and health capital. We further show this episode of European migration displays well-known features of migrant self-selection: early migrants were taller than late migrants; a large migrant stock reduces migrant selectivity; and economic barriers to migration
apply. Our findings show that Europe experienced substantial losses in human and health capital while the US benefitted from the immigration of European refugees.
Resumo:
Le Bulletin des agriculteurs existe depuis 1918 et a eu une incidence considérable sur la population rurale du Québec.Le présent mémoire porte sur la subversion dans douze récits fantastiques publiés dans la revue entre 1940 et 1959. Ce mémoire est divisé en trois chapitres distincts.Le premier relate la petite histoire de la revue. À ses débuts, en 1918,Le Bulletin des agriculteurs est une revue purement agricole qui n'a d'autre but que celui d'informer ses abonnés. Mais dès 1936, la revue adopte le style revue et apporte à ses nombreux lecteurs, en plus de l'information générale, des chroniques féminines, des articles humoristiques et des récits de fiction. Ce sont ces derniers qui sont à l'origine de ce mémoire.Le deuxième chapitre insistera sur l'aspect théorique de l'étude. Dans un premier temps, nous avons fait la typologie de tous les récits de fiction parus dans la revue entre 1934 et 1984 les classant par genre et par sous-genre. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié le fantastique et son potentiel subversif. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, nous avons identifié l'idéologie qui prévalait au Québec rural dans les années quarante et cinquante.Le troisième chapitre est consacré exclusivement à la recherche de subversion dans les douze contes fantastiques sélectionnés afin d'en faire une lecture sociocritique.
Resumo:
Tese de doutoramento, Estudos de Literatura e de Cultura (Estudos Portugueses), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2015
Resumo:
Concert program for Summer Quarter Music, July 11, 1940
Resumo:
Concert program for High School Music Institute, July 19, 1940
