Tratamento da sindrome da apnéia e hipopnéia obstrutiva do sono (sahos) com aparelhos intrabucais

The apnea and hypopnea sleep obstructive syndrome is a disorder that affects part of adult population. Some characteristics can come with this syndrome that cause social problems such as snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness, associated many times with pulmonary hypertension and cardiac insufficiency. The dentist who is inserted into a multidisciplinary team is a professional highly regarded for diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. Among treatments recommended, therapy with intraoral appliance shows an excellent non invasive alternative, achieving satisfactory results.

Institucionalização da velhice e regressão: um olhar psicanalítico sobre os asilos dos velhos

Even with several technologies, politics, laws and to knowledge that looks to secure the worthiest conditions of aging, the asylum of olds still marks presence in the contemporaneousness, like a sign of the aging badly succeeded. The present work is the result of practices carried out in institutions of long permanence and, among the effects of the institutionalization of the old age, the most attention was given here to the mechanism of the regression, analyzed through the light of the psychoanalysis.

Etiologia e incidência de traumas faciais relacionados à violência doméstica à mulher

O problema da violência doméstica, infelizmente, se naturalizou em nossa sociedade, o que significa que culturalmente sofrer violência em casa é de certa forma, considerado comum. Todavia, a violência doméstica não deve ser encarada desta maneira, já que constitui uma violação das Normas Internacionais e da Legislação Brasileira que a protege. Esta idéia torna-se premissa básica para que sejam desenvolvidas estratégias de planejamentos de ações e serviços, pois a violência contra a mulher é um problema social e de saúde pública, consistindo num fenômeno mundial que não respeita fronteiras de classe social, raça/etnia, religião, idade e grau de escolaridade. Diante desta realidade, o Serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia do Campus de Araçatuba se preocupa em diagnosticar as lesões faciais de mulheres vítimas da violência doméstica, levar ao seu conhecimento seus direitos e proporcionar um atendimento integral e humanizado.

Bio-hydrogen production based on catalytic reforming of volatiles generated by cellulose pyrolysis: an integrated process for ZnO reduction and zinc nanostructures fabrication

The paper presents a process of cellulose thermal degradation with bio-hydrogen generation and zinc nanostructures synthesis. Production of zinc nanowires and zinc nanoflowers was performed by a novel processes based on cellulose pyrolysis, volatiles reforming and direct reduction of ZnO. The bio-hydrogen generated in situ promoted the ZnO reduction with Zn nanostructures formation by vapor–solid (VS) route. The cellulose and cellulose/ZnO samples were characterized by thermal analyses (TG/DTG/DTA) and the gases evolved were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy (TG/FTIR). The hydrogen was detected by TPR (Temperature Programmed Reaction) tests. The results showed that in the presence of ZnO the cellulose thermal degradation produced larger amounts of H2 when compared to pure cellulose. The process was also carried out in a tubular furnace with N2 atmosphere, at temperatures up to 900 °C, and different heating rates. The nanostructures growth was catalyst-free, without pressure reduction, at temperatures lower than those required in the carbothermal reduction of ZnO with fossil carbon. The nanostructures were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optical properties were investigated by photoluminescence (PL). One mechanism was presented in an attempt to explain the synthesis of zinc nanostructures that are crystalline, were obtained without significant re-oxidation and whose morphologies are dependent on the heating rates of the process. This route presents a potential use as an industrial process taking into account the simple operational conditions, the low costs of cellulose and the importance of bio-hydrogen and nanostructured zinc.

Abordagem experimental da força de atrito em aulas de Física do Ensino Médio

In this paper we propose and describe the performance of an experimental activity to address the concept of friction in High School Physics practical classes. We use a low-cost and simple construction device that enables the determination of the coefficient of static friction between two materials through three different procedures. The results were coherent, with small percentage deviation, which gives reliability to the activity and can stimulate discussions in class. The activity also allows greater contextualization of concepts that are usually discussed only theoretically, requiring a higher abstraction level of the students. This can stimulate discussions and greater interaction between teacher and students.

Panhandle Research and Extension Center Field Day

Commodity trader. Financial analyst. Human resources director. Marketing analyst. Lending officer. Stockbroker. Public relations specialist. Zookeeper. Nutritionist. These are only a few of the varied careers recent College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources graduates are pursuing these days. Exciting, fulfilling careers for which the College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources - we call the college CASNR for short - provides a tremendous educational base that students can build on for their lives.

Creatine supplementation reduces oxidative stress biomarkers after acute exercise in rats

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of creatine supplementation on muscle and plasma markers of oxidative stress after acute aerobic exercise. A total of 64 Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control group (n = 32) and creatine-supplemented group (n = 32). Creatine supplementation consisted of the addition of 2% creatine monohydrate to the diet. After 28 days, the rats performed an acute moderate aerobic exercise bout (1-h swimming with 4% of total body weight load). The animals were killed before (pre) and at 0, 2 and 6 h (n = 8) after acute exercise. As expected, plasma and total muscle creatine concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the creatine-supplemented group compared to control. Acute exercise increased plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and total lipid hydroperoxide. The same was observed in the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. Creatine supplementation decreased these markers in plasma (TBARS: pre 6%, 0 h 25%, 2 h 27% and 6 h 20%; plasma total lipid hydroperoxide: pre 38%, 0 h 24%, 2 h 12% and 6 h 20%, % decrease). Also, acute exercise decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio in soleus muscle, which was prevented by creatine supplementation (soleus: pre 8%, 0 h 29%, 2 h 30% and 6 h 44%, % prevention). The results show that creatine supplementation inhibits increased oxidative stress markers in plasma and muscle induced by acute exercise.

Leishmania Promastigotes Lack Phosphatidylserine but Bind Annexin V upon Permeabilization or Miltefosine Treatment

The protozoan parasite Leishmania is an intracellular pathogen infecting and replicating inside vertebrate host macrophages. A recent model suggests that promastigote and amastigote forms of the parasite mimic mammalian apoptotic cells by exposing phosphatidylserine (PS) at the cell surface to trigger their phagocytic uptake into host macrophages. PS presentation at the cell surface is typically analyzed using fluorescence-labeled annexin V. Here we show that Leishmania promastigotes can be stained by fluorescence-labeled annexin V upon permeabilization or miltefosine treatment. However, combined lipid analysis by thin-layer chromatography, mass spectrometry and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that Leishmania promastigotes lack any detectable amount of PS. Instead, we identified several other phospholipid classes such phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine; phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol as candidate lipids enabling annexin V staining.

N-Acetylcysteine protects the peritoneum from the injury induced by hypertonic dialysis solution

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of peritoneal damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in a rat peritoneal infusion model. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided in 3 groups: (i) control group; (ii) HDS group, receiving peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS); and (iii) HDS+NAC group, receiving PDS and oral NAC. Six weeks later they were evaluated for dialysate to plasma urea ratio (D/P), ratio of glucose concentration in peritoneal fluid (G1/G0), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in plasma and urine and histology of peritoneal membrane. Results: The HDS+NAC group presented a lower increase in solute transport (D/P 0.51 +/- 0.1, and G1/GO 0.35 +/- 0.06) in comparison with the HDS group (D/P 0.67 +/- 0.1; p=0.03, and G1/G0 0.27 +/- 0.07; p=0.01). The HDS+NAC group showed lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentrations compared with the HDS group. In the treated group, the peritoneal membrane presented lower thickness. Conclusions: Functional and histological peritoneal changes were significantly reduced by the treatment with NAC.

Phenotypic alterations of neuropeptide Y and calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing neurons innervating the rat temporomandibular joint during carrageenan-induced arthritis

The aim of this study was to identify immunoreactive neuropeptide Y (NPY) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) neurons in the autonomic and sensory ganglia, specifically neurons that innervate the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A possible variation between the percentages of these neurons in acute and chronic phases of carrageenan-induced arthritis was examined. Retrograde neuronal tracing was combined with indirect immunofluorescence to identify NPY-immuno-reactive (NPY-IR) and CGRP-immunoreactive (CGRP-IR) neurons that send nerve fibers to the normal and arthritic temporomandibular joint. In normal joints, NPY-IR neurons constitute 78 +/- 3%, 77 +/- 6% and 10 +/- 4% of double-labeled nucleated neuronal profile originated from the superior cervical, stellate and otic ganglia, respectively. These percentages in the sympathetic ganglia were significantly decreased in acute (58 +/- 2% for superior cervical ganglion and 58 +/- 8% for stellate ganglion) and chronic (60 +/- 2% for superior cervical ganglion and 59 +/- 15% for stellate ganglion) phases of arthritis, while in the otic ganglion these percentages were significantly increased to 19 +/- 5% and 13 +/- 3%, respectively. In the trigeminal ganglion, CGRP-IR neurons innervating the joint significantly increased from 31 +/- 3% in normal animals to 54 +/- 2% and 49 +/- 3% in the acute and chronic phases of arthritis, respectively. It can be concluded that NPY neurons that send nerve fibers to the rat temporomandibular joint are located mainly in the superior cervical, stellate and otic ganglia. Acute and chronic phases of carrageenan-induced arthritis lead to an increase in the percentage of NPY-IR parasympathetic and CGRP-IR sensory neurons and to a decrease in the percentage of NPY-IR sympathetic neurons related to TMJ innervation.

Celecoxib treatment does not alter recruitment and activation of osteoclasts in the initial phase of experimental tooth movement

In a previous study, we reported that the short-term treatment with celecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) attenuates the activation of brain structures related to nociception and does not interfere with orthodontic incisor separation in rats. The conclusion was that celecoxib could possibly be prescribed for pain in orthodontic patients. However, we did not analyze the effects of this drug in periodontium. The aim of this follow-up study was to analyze effects of celecoxib treatment on recruitment and activation of osteoclasts and alveolar bone resorption after inserting an activated orthodontic appliance between the incisors in our rat model. Twenty rats (400420 g) were pretreated through oral gavage with celecoxib (50 mg/kg) or vehicle (carboxymethylcellulose 0.4%). After 30 min, they received an activated (30 g) orthodontic appliance, set not to cause any palate disjunction. In sham animals, the appliance was immediately removed after introduction. All animals received ground food and, every 12 h, celecoxib or vehicle. After 48 h, they were anesthetized and transcardiacally perfused through the aorta with 4% formaldehyde. Subsequently, maxillae were removed, post-fixed and processed for histomorphometry or immunohistochemical analyses. As expected, incisor distalization induced an inflammatory response with certain histological changes, including an increase in the number of active osteoclasts at the compression side in group treated with vehicle (appliance: 32.2 +/- 2.49 vs sham: 4.8 +/- 1.79, P<0.05) and celecoxib (appliance: 31.0 +/- 1.45 vs sham: 4.6 +/- 1.82, P<0.05). The treatment with celecoxib did not modify substantially the histological alterations and the number of active osteoclasts after activation of orthodontic appliance. Moreover, we did not see any difference between the groups with respect to percentage of bone resorption area. Taken together with our previous results we conclude that short-term treatment with celecoxib can indeed be a therapeutic alternative for pain relieve during orthodontic procedures.

Inflammation and circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with coronary artery disease and residual platelet reactivity

Sao Paulo Research Foundation [FAPESP/05/57710-3]

Effect of alendronate on endochondral ossification in mandibular condyles of growing rats

The replacement of the calcified cartilage by bone tissue during the endochondral ossification of the mandibular condyle is dependent of the resorbing activity of osteoclats. After partial resorption, calcified cartilage septa are covered by a primary bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts. Osteoadherin (OSAD) is a small proteoglycan present in bone matrix but absent in cartilage during the endochondral ossification. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of alendronate, a drug known to inhibit bone resorption by osteoclasts, on the endochondral ossification of the mandibular condyle of young rats, by evaluating the distribution of osteoclasts and the presence of OSAD in the bone matrix deposited. Wistar newborn rats (n = 45) received daily injections of alendronate (n = 27) or sterile saline solution as control (n = 18) from the day of birth until the ages of 4, 14 and 30 days. At the days mentioned, the mandibular condyles were collected and processed for transmission electron microscopy analysis. Specimens were also submitted to tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) histochemistry and ultrastructural immunodetection of OSAD. Alendronate treatment did not impede the recruitment and fusion of osteoclasts at the ossification zone during condyle growth, but they presented inactivated phenotype. The trabeculae at the ossification area consisted of cartilage matrix covered by a layer of primary bone matrix that was immunopositive to OSAD at all time points studied. Apparently, alendronate impeded the removal of calcified cartilage and maturation of bone trabeculae in the mandibular ramus, while in controls they occurred normally. These findings highlight for giving attention to the potential side-effects of bisphosphonates administered to young patients once it may represent a risk of disturbing maxillofacial development.

Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: design of a randomized single-blinded controlled trial

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common neuropathy in the upper extremity, resulting from the compression of the median nerve at wrist level. Clinical studies are essentials to present evidence on therapeutic resources use at early restoration on peripheral nerve functionality. Low-level laser therapy has been widely investigated in researches related to nerve regeneration. Therefore, it is suggested that the effect of low-level laser therapy associated with other conservative rehabilitation techniques may positively affect symptoms and overall hand function in compressive neuropathies such as carpal tunnel syndrome. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in addition to orthoses therapy and home orientations in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods/Design: Patients older than 18 years old will be included, with clinical diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome, excluding comorbidies. A physiotherapist will conduct intervention, with a blinding evaluator. Randomization will be applied to allocate the patients in each group: with association or not to low-level laser therapy. All of them will be submitted to orthoses therapy and home orientations. Outcome will be assessed through: pain visual analogic scale, Semmes Weinstein monofilaments (TM) threshold sensibility test, Pinch Gauge T, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and two point discrimination test. Discussion: This paper describes the design of a randomized controlled trial, which aim to assess the effectiveness of conservative treatment added to low-level laser therapy for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Trial registration: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBec) - 75ddtf / Universal Trial Number: U1111-1121-5184

Formation of thin luminescent Eu3+-LB films by in situ coordination with 2,3,5,6-tetra(2 '-pyridyl)pyrazine and 1-octadecanol in pure and mixed Langmuir monolayers

The in situ complexation between 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine (tppz) molecules and europium ions at the air-liquid interface by means of mixed 1-octadecanol Langmuir films is reported. These films were transferred to solid supports by means of the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The EDS maps attested the homogeneity of the LB films as well as the presence of the europium ions. The mixed alcohol/tppz LB film contained a larger amount of europium ions as compared to the pure octadecanol LB film. This work reports the production of a thin luminescent Eu3+ film containing europium ions using only alcohol molecules as ligands an unexpected result, since it is well known that there is an occurrence of non-radiative deactivation of excited europium by hydroxyl groups. Europium ion multiple binding sites were detected from lifetime decay measurements of these films in the presence of tppz molecules. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.