Design of the IMP microbeam irradiation system for 100 MeV/u heavy ions

Abstract A state-of-the-art high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation system is constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This microbeam system operates in both full current intensity mode and single ion mode. It delivers a predefined number of ions to preselected targets for research in biology and material science. The characteristic of this microbeam system is high energy and vertical irradiation. A quadrupole focusing system, in combination with a series of slits, has been designed to optimize the spatial resolution. A symmetrically achromatic system leads the beam downwards and serves simultaneously as an energy analyzer. A high gradient quadrupole triplet finally focuses a C6+ ion beam to 1 µm in the vacuum chamber within the energy range from 10 MeV/u to 100 MeV/u. In this paper, the IMP microbeam system is described in detail. A systematic investigation of the ion beam optics of this microbeam system is presented together with the associated aberrations. Comparison is made between the IMP microbeam system and the other existing systems to further discuss the performance of this microbeam. Then the optimized initial beam parameters are given for high resolution and high hitting efficiency. At last, the experiment platform is briefly introduced.

低能He~(2+)与He原子碰撞转移电离出射电子能谱研究；Investigation on Electron Energy Spectra of Transfer Ionization Process in 70 and 100 keV He~(2+) Colliding on He

利用反应显微成像谱仪对70和100keV He2+与He原子碰撞转移电离(TI)过程中不同出射角度的电子能谱进行了测量,观测到出射电子能谱具有如下分布特征:出射电子速度分布介于0和入射离子速度vp之间;在不同出射角度电子能谱分布均有一极大值存在,随着出射角度的增大,能谱分布极大值逐渐减小;当电子出射角度等于45°时,多数电子集中在0eV附近。上述特征可由低能离子-原子碰撞"准分子"模型进行定性解释。在100keV He2+-He转移电离出射电子能谱中有靶电子被俘获至散射离子连续态(electron capture to continuum,简称ECC)电子的贡献,这可看做是动力学两步过程的作用。

10～100 MeV/u能区重离子反应机制的研究

把QMD模型扩展至10～100MeV/A能区，研究了该能区的重离子碰撞，并仔细检验了初始核在基态时传播的稳定性条件。~(40)Ca+~(40)Ca系统，在10 ～ 100MeV/A能区范围内研究了重离子反应机制随入射能量及碰撞参数的演化情况。我们发现，反应机制随能量的变化并不是突然的跃迁，而是一个连续的变化过程，不同的反应机制可以同时存在并发生竞争。在中心碰撞时，反应机制从全融合发展至非全融合，最后演化至碎裂机制。在周连碰撞时，随着入射能量的增加，根据我们提出的关于深部非弹碰撞和参加者－旁观者质量分布的判据，反应机制的可能变化趋势为从非完全融合或深部非弹碰撞到参加者－旁观者，最后发展至碎裂反应。我们知道，目前还没有人用QMD模型来研究过渡能区DIC机制的基本特征，我们还对~(20)(25Mev/A)+~(20)Ne系统周边碰撞时DIC机制的基本特征作了研究，计算结果表明：在中能区，DIC机制仍然存在，同时，在质量分布、旋转效应及能量损失方面具有低能时相同的特征，但与低能DIC的明显差别在于，出射的中间质量碎片已成为质量分布的主要部分，出射的轻粒子数目也相对增多。当碰撞参数小于7fm时，这里存在着不同反应机制的共存及竞争。根据质量分布随时间的演化情况，我们发现，中间质量碎片主要是由动力学过程中平均场涨落引起的动力学不稳定性造成的，统计衰变也贡献较小的一部分。由粗糙估计可以看出，25MeV/A时~(20)Ne+~(20)Ne系统的DIC机制仍然是一个趋向于平衡过程。相又于低能区，中能区的周边碰撞显得相当复杂

Evidence for perimeter sites over SmOx-modified Rh(100) surface by CO chemisorption

SmOx modified Rh(l 0 0) surfaces have been in-situ prepared by depositing metallic Sin and subsequently oxidizing under controlled conditions, and the interaction between the lanthanide oxide and transition metal has been characterized by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS) as well as thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). As evidenced, the adsorption of CO on the modified surfaces shows some different features to the original surface of Rh(l 00). The covering of SmOx blocks some sites on the surface and consequently suppresses adsorption of the typical CO species with an uptake at about 500 K, while a novel desorption peak centered at 260 K emerges in the CO TDS. Correspondingly, the XP spectrum exhibits a new C Is peak at 287.9 eV and 0 Is peak at 532.6 eV. The intensity of the low temperature peak varies with the coverage of SmOx, which shows an actual correlation to the perimeter sites of SmOx particles on the surface. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.