901 resultados para transverse process, subaxial cervical spine, cervical trauma, isolated transverse process fractures


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O objetivo deste estudo foi de avaliar in vitro a microinfiltração cervical imediata em restaurações ocluso-proximais de resina composta, onde foram utilizados dois sistemas adesivos (Scotchbond Multi Purpose - 3M; Clearfil Mega Bond - Kuraray) através de uma técnica de baixa intensidade de luz polimerizável. Em cada um dos 11 molares decíduos foram confeccionados dois preparos cavitários ocluso-proximais padronizados (um ocluso-mesial e outro ocluso-distal), com o auxílio de uma ponta diamantada cilíndrica de extremidade plana n°2094, (KG Sorensen), fixada a uma caneta de alta rotação sob refrigeração ar/água. Os sistemas adesivos foram aplicados seguindo as instruções do fabricante, um na cavidade ocluso-mesial e outro na ocluso distal, sendo inserida, posteriormente, uma resina composta híbrida (Z250 - 3M) pela técnica incremental LUTZ (1986). O primeiro incremento foi inserido na parede cervical da caixa proximal (sentido horizontal) e fotopolimerizado (fotopolimerizador VIPTM - Bisco) a uma intensidade de 100 mW/cm2 por 60 segundos. Dois outros incrementos foram inseridos diagonalmente na porção vestibular e lingual/palatina, a uma intensidade de 200 mW/cm2, também pelo tempo de 60 segundos. As restaurações foram submetidas a acabamento e polimento com o auxílio de um bisturi lâmina n°12 e com discos Sof-lex Pop-on (3M). Após o acabamento, foi realizada a impermeabilização, em seguida os dentes foram imersos em solução azul de metileno a 0,5% por um período de 24 horas, sendo posteriormente seccionados longitudinalmente no sentido mésio-distal para avaliação da penetração do corante, usando para tal o estereo-microscópio. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística através dos testes Qui-quadrado e o teste não-paramétrico U de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados demonstraram não haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois sistemas adesivos testados, podendo-se concluir que a utilização deste protocolo restaurador de cavidades ocluso-proximais com resina composta em molares decíduos resultou em baixos níveis de microinfiltração cervical imediata.

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Objetivo: Avaliar a acurácia da colposcopia utilizando a Classificação Colposcópica Internacional de 2002. Métodos: 3040 pacientes de população geral foram rastreadas para patologia cervical através de exame citopatológico, captura híbrida para HPV de alto risco e inspeção cervical. As colposcopias que resultaram em biópsia (n=468) executadas no rastreamento e acompanhamento destas pacientes foram gravadas, revistas por dois colposcopistas cegados e incluídas para análise. Resultados: Os observadores apresentaram excelente concordância (Kappa=0.843) no relato dos achados pela nova nomenclatura. A colposcopia apresentou sensibilidade de 86% e especificidade de 30.3% em diferenciar colo normal de colo anormal (LSIL, HSIL ou carcinoma); quando a colposcopia objetivava diferenciar colo normal ou LSIL de HSIL ou carcinoma, apresentou sensibilidade de 61.1% e especificidade de 94.4%. Os achados colposcópicos classificados como “maiores” pela nova classificação apresentaram valores preditivos positivos elevados para HSIL. Presença do achado colposcópico na zona de transformação e tamanho da lesão estavam associados a HSIL. Bordas externas definidas, associação de múltiplos achados distintos e presença de zona iodo negativa não estavam relacionados à gravidade das lesões. Conclusão: A colposcopia utilizando a Classificação Internacional de 2002 mostra-se um bom método de rastreamento, mas como método diagnóstico apresenta falhas, não podendo substituir a avaliação histológica. A categorização em achados colposcópicos “maiores” e “menores” apresentada pela nova classificação é adequada. Na realização da colposcopia, é importante também que a lesão seja situada em relação à zona de transformação e que seu tamanho seja indicado, já que estes foram fatores associados a lesões de alto grau.

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Este estudo apresenta o método utilizado e os resultados obtidos na avaliação dos efeitos, na musculatura cervical, de duas facas de corte de frango, de mesma forma e tamanho com cabos confeccionados com dois materiais diferentes (emborrachado, ou SOFT e de polipropileno ou PP). A comparação foi feita com base nos resultados da eletromiografia sensitiva (Myovision) da coluna cervical de dez funcionários voluntários de uma empresa de processamento de aves no Rio Grande do Sul. O protótipo de cabo SOFT mostrou uma menor tensão muscular na coluna cervical em comparação com o protótipo com cabo de polipropileno, o que pode impactar na sensação de maior conforto de manuseio da faca com cabo SOFT.

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Cancer is a term used to represent a set of more than 100 diseases, including malignant tumors from different locations. The malignancies are the second leading cause of death in the population, representing approximately 17% of deaths of known cause. Strategies that induce differentiation have had limited success in the treatment of established cancers. In this work, a lectin purified from the marine sponge Cinachyrella apion (CaL) was evaluated due to its hemolytic, cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties, besides the ability to induce cell death via apoptosis in tumor cells. The antiproliferative activity of CaL was tested against cell lines, with the highest inhibition of tumor growth for HeLa, reducing cell growth at a dose dependent manner, with a concentration of 10 μg/mL. The hemolytic activity and toxicity against peripheral blood cells were tested using the concentration of IC50 for both trials and twice the IC50 for analysis in flow cytometry, indicating that CaL is not toxic to these cells. To assess the mechanism of cell death caused by CaL in HeLa cells, we performed flow cytometry and western blotting. The results showed the lectin probably induces cell death by apoptosis activation by pro-apoptotic protein Bax, promoting mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, cell cycle arrest in S phase, with accumulation of cells of approximately 57% in this phase, and acting as both dependent and/or independent of caspases pathway. These results suggest that CaL has the potential to be used as drug treatment against cancer.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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In this study the main question investigated was the number and size of both binucleate and mononucleate superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons and, whether post-natal development would affect these parameters. Twenty left SCGs from 20 male pacas were used. Four different ages were investigated, that is newborn (4 days), young (45 days), adult (2 years), and aged animals (7 years). By using design-based stereo-logical methods, that is the Cavalieri principle and a physical disector combined with serial sectioning, the total volume of ganglion and total number of mononucleate and binucleate neurons were estimated. Furthermore, the mean perikaryal (somal) volume of mononucleate and binucleate neurons was estimated using the vertical nucleator. The main findings of this study were a 154% increase in the SCG volume, a 95% increase in the total number of mononucleate SCG neurons and a 50% increase in the total volume of SCG neurons. In conclusion, apart from neuron number, different adaptive mechanisms may coexist in the autonomic nervous system to guarantee a functional homeostasis during ageing, which is not always associated with neuron losses. Anat Rec, 292:966-975, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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O The aim of this study was to characterize the occurrence of trauma in the elderly population served by the mobile pre-hospital service, in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive, transversal and quantitative approach and whose population consisted of 2,080 trauma victims. The sample, of systematic random type, consisted of 400 elderly people, aged from 60 years old, assisted by the Office of Mobile Emergency in Natal / RN, between January 2011 and December 2012. Data collection began after consent and assent of the institution of a Research Ethics Committee under No. 309 505. It was proceeded to documentary retrospective analysis of records of this service through a form of self-development, validated by expert judges considered reliable (α> 0.75) and valid (CVI = 0.97) in their clarity and relevance. Data were tabulated by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20.0. The results show that older victims have an average age of 74.19 years old, with a prevalence of female involvement by chronic diseases, especially hypertension, average usage of 2.2 routine medications with vital signs within normal limits. The trauma prevailed during the daytime, in the residence of the victims, north of the city and on weekends. Among the mechanisms of trauma were falls, traffic accidents and physical aggression, whose most common type was brain-cerebral trauma and the main consequences were suture wounds and closed fractures. Basic Support Units were as more driven to pre-hospital care (87.8%) and the main destination place consisted of a referral hospital for emergency of the state (57.5%). Among the most commonly performed procedures by nursing staff immobilization with rigid board and neck collar and the peripheral venipuncture, and the main component used for volume replacement to saline were highlighted. There was a significant relationship between the deaths and the mechanism of injury, mechanism of injury and procedures, except medication administration procedures carried out, except immobilization and unit for service. It is highlighted the prevalence of trauma in the elderly, poor follow-up Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support protocol and the paucity of records and nursing procedures performed. There is need for a protocol of care specific to elderly trauma victims and education strategies for the prevention of such events

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Tireóide ectópica é qualquer tecido tireoideano localizado fora de sua topografia habitual, podendo apresentar-se na linha mediana do pescoço ou, mais raramente, na região cervical lateral. Algumas teorias tentam explicar a origem do tecido tireoideano ectópico: 1. falha na descida da glândula; 2. seqüestro de nódulos tireoideanos; 3. presença de tecido tireoideano na cápsula de linfonodos cervicais; 4. formação teratomatosa; 5. Secundário a anomalias branquiais. Na abordagem diagnóstica, diversos exames têm sido utilizados, sendo o diagnóstico definitivo algumas vezes fornecido apenas pelo estudo histopatológico. Apesar das controvérsias em relação às abordagens terapêuticas apresentadas na literatura, é necessário um planejamento rigoroso para evitar iatrogenias. Conclui-se que a presença de tecido tireoideano ectópico deve ser lembrada no diagnóstico diferencial de massas cervicais laterais, e sua origem histológica considerada, sendo na maioria das vezes metástase de um carcinoma tireoideano oculto. Os autores relatam um caso de tecido tireoideano ectópico lateral no pescoço, em paciente do sexo feminino com bócio colóide mergulhante. Foram realizadas considerações importantes sobre dismorfogênese tireoideana, métodos diagnósticos e opções de tratamento, com revisão da literatura das últimas cinco décadas.

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Objectives: To evaluate the possible association between microorganisms present in the cervical secretions and amniotic fluid of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and histologic chorioamnionitis. Methods: Thirty-seven pregnant women with PPROM and 21 healthy pregnant women were studied. Secretions from the cervical canal and amniotic fluid were collected to isolate microorganisms present in the genital tract. Cervical smears were Gram stained and evaluated microscopically. At delivery, chorioamniotic membranes were collected for histopathologic analysis. Results: Microscopic examination of the cervical secretion smears obtained from the PPROM group showed a low rate of Lactobacillus species, large numbers of leukocytes, and a wide diversity of microorganisms compared with the control group. The PPROM group presented an 80% rate of chorioamnionitis. Staphylococcus aureus isolation in cervical secretion was associated with intense inflammatory infiltrate in the membranes and might play a role in the pathogenesis of PPROM. Conclusions: the low colonization of cervical flora by Lactobacillus species associated with an intense leukocyte infiltrate detected in Gram-stained cervical smears can be considered a rapid method of detecting chorioamnionitis in pregnant women with PPROM. (C) 2003 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier B.V. Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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This study investigates the role of cervical sympathectomy in the prevention of acute vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits. Sixteen adult English Norfolk rabbits were divided into 2 experimental groups: bilateral cervical sympathectomy of the superior sympathetic ganglion (SSSG, n=8), and bilateral SSSG and sympathectomy of the inferior sympathetic ganglion (SISG, n=8). Other 24 animals were used as controls. Basilar artery diameter was evaluated by angiography. SSSG protected the animals against developing cerebral vasospasm; SSSG associated with SISG did not increase this effect.

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To evaluate the participation of the larynx and cervical trachea in conditioning inspired gases, we randomly allocated 16 mixed-breed dogs to two groups: group TT (tracheal tube; n = 8) and group LMA (laryngeal mask airway; n = 8). The dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and mechanically ventilated for 3 hours. The parameters studied were temperature and absolute humidities of ambient, inhaled, and tracheal air. There was a small increase in tracheal air temperature compared to inhaled air temperature, but no significant difference between groups. The absolute humidity of tracheal air was greater in group LMA than in group TT (23 mg H2O center dot L-1 and 14 mg H2O center dot L-1, respectively; p < .0001). The difference in absolute humidity between the tracheal air and the inhaled air was higher in group LMA at all times (p < .0001). We conclude that the larynx and cervical trachea of the dog participate in humidification and heating of inhaled air by means of air contact with mucosa in this airway segment.