999 resultados para história do ensino rural


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O atletismo pode ser considerado como um “esporte de base”, já que está relacionado aos movimentos de correr, marchar, lançar, arremessar e saltar. Mas, logo percebemos que, apesar da importância do atletismo, não tivemos aulas dessa modalidade esportiva na escola. Por ser uma prova do atletismo, o arremesso do peso, também é pouco conhecido, cabendo aos professores de Educação Física se aprimorarem, buscando conhecimentos na área, a fim de poder ensiná-lo na escola. Para auxiliá-los, procuramos resgatar a história do arremesso do peso, identificando as principais modificações que ocorreram nessa prova desde sua origem até os dias atuais. Após intensa pesquisa bibliográfica, reunimos, nesse trabalho, dados referentes à origem da prova, resultados de competições internacionais, história nos Jogos Olímpicos, técnicas do arremesso do peso etc, a fim de subsidiar seu ensino na escola, onde deveria ser trabalhada como parte do conteúdo do atletismo desenvolvido nas aulas de Educação Física. Pautando-nos nas dimensões dos conteúdos: conceitual, procedimental e atitudinal, procuramos, ainda, evidenciar diferentes possibilidades de ensino do arremesso do peso voltado à formação do aluno, em especial, no que se refere ao que ele “deve saber”, ao que ele “deve fazer” e às atitudes que ele “deve tomar” diante às situações por ele vivenciadas ao longo da vida

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This research project aims to determine the main way that the inclusion of topics of history and philosophy of science education activities aimed at high school, influence the process of teaching and learning of chemistry. The subject of research will be a teacher, undergraduate student in chemistry and public school students that the teaching units developed will be applied. The literature presents a large of research indicating the need to include these topics in education and present the results of large withdrawals of original sources of the development of scientific knowledge. Despite of the large number of these works are not very common reports of application of the results of these studies on activities of the classroom, which reinforces the importance of this study

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The performance of investigative activities with lessons in teaching Science and Chemistry has promoted meaningful learning of scientific knowledge. This study aimed to develop the links between higher education for research and skills argumentative, aimed at building the scientific concept on combustion of the candle in a closed container, for students from two classes of 3rd year of high school, two city schools Bauru, São Paulo. We decided to do a short course investigative, to respond argumentative skills which are developed during the minicourse using investigative activities, knowledge from the history and philosophy of science. The results were gathered from analysis of video recordings of episodes of the short course in both the groups, to produce a higher rate of use of argumentative skill, which were classified into categories according to the prior knowledge of the subject, 'factual knowledge' , 'understanding of concepts' and 'reasoning and analysis.' From the information obtained, it was found that both the teachers and the students were consistent in their actions, and that the activity of reasoning is key to learning. Thus, one can realize that knowledge is not acquired all at the same time, each individual depends on the mediation of the teacher in order to reach different design more appropriate teaching and investigative linked with the argument can be the key tool to acquire this knowledge

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This study presents the results of a study on the development of the concept of force and their possible applications in physics teaching. The historical study has focused on Aristotelian natural philosophy, medieval theories of strength in impressed and on classical Newtonian mechanics. The Newtonian concept of force was also an object lesson of physics analyzed in this study. In this lesson, conducted in a preuniversity course, spontaneous conceptions or alternative conceptions of students about the concept of force proved very entrenched, resulting in studies on the Model Change on Conceptual and epistemological obstacles in view Bachelardian. The theoretical frameworks adopted led us to trace parallels between spontaneous conceptions revealed by the students and some views about the concept of force found in the study of history. The results show that while some old conceptions have been replaced by scientifically Newtonian concept of force, they are still present in the students' ideas and resist to changes even after the study of Newton's laws. Like main result shows that the history of science can be a great ally for the deconstruction of alternative conceptions, particularly when these concepts were previously presented and overcome the course of history of the development of a concept

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O salto triplo existe há mais de 2000 anos e foi praticado, primeiramente, pelo povo celta, isto é, antigos habitantes da Europa Ocidental. Essa prova era praticada em competições esportivas rurais e expandiu-se pelo resto da Europa no século XIX. Atualmente, o Brasil serve como referência para outros países, já que tivemos grandes atletas que marcaram presença no cenário olímpico do salto triplo como, por exemplo, Adhemar Ferreira da Silva, Nelson Prudêncio e João Carlos de Oliveira. Apesar de ser uma das provas do atletismo mais antigas, o salto triplo ainda é muito pouco trabalhado em escolas de todo o país. Por essa razão, essa pesquisa, de caráter histórico-bibliográfico, tem como objetivo realizar um resgate histórico dessa prova, reunindo dados e informações pertinentes relacionados ao salto triplo. Nesse sentido, foram realizadas pesquisas no acervo de universidades como Unesp (Rio Claro), Unicamp e PUC-Campinas, além de web sites, com livros e artigos digitalizados, e registros diversos que pudessem contribuir para a elaboração desse trabalho. Esperamos, portanto, além de realizar o resgate histórico dessa prova, subsidiar o trabalho de professores de Educação Física no âmbito escolar, para que o ensino do salto triplo e do atletismo de forma geral se difunda e conquiste mais espaço nas escolas brasileiras

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A importância do estudo da paleontologia está no seu caráter integrador, reunindo conhecimentos de várias áreas, o que pode contribuir para que os alunos do ensino básico entendam a história da vida no planeta, encarando a evolução como um processo contínuo e bem evidenciado no qual também estamos inseridos. No contexto de pequena presença do ensino da paleontologia na Educação Básica, outros espaços de educação não formal ganham força na transmissão desses conhecimentos à população e, dentre estes espaços, na área da paleontologia, encontram-se as exposições de fósseis. Estas permitem que os conhecimentos desenvolvidos na universidade e que normalmente ficam restritos ao âmbito universitário sejam levadas ao conhecimento de um grande número de alunos, contribuindo para a formação e alfabetização científica. A partir desta perspectiva, o presente estudo teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de uma exposição de fósseis e réplicas para os alunos do ensino básico da rede pública das escolas de Botucatu e região. Através dessa exposição, chamada Paleo Expo, pretendeu-se que os alunos conhecessem a história da vida na Terra, tivessem contato com os principais eventos evolutivos e entendessem a evolução como um processo contínuo e bem evidenciado, contribuindo para o enriquecimento dos conhecimentos dos visitantes, aguçando a curiosidade e gerando reflexões. A exposição, destinada a alunos de sexta a oitava series do ensino fundamental, priorizou a participação ativa dos alunos e contou também com atividades complementares, que consistiram em um jogo educativo e uma apresentação de informações sobre como são realizadas as pesquisas em paleontologia. A Paleo Expo, de um modo geral, atingiu seus objetivos e os alunos se mostraram estimulados e participativos. Pode-se considerar, pelos dados coletados, que a experiência... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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The present research aims to identify conceptions that teachers and students of the early years have in relation to the disciplines of history and geography. The site chosen for the survey was a municipal school in the city of Lençóis Paulista, in São Paulo. The work's theme was chosen after observing a minimization of the teaching of the contents of the above-mentioned disciplines at the expense of mathematical content and mother tongue. In addition, there were difficulties arising from the standardization of education , such as teaching network uses material apostilled . The survey data , together with literature review was conducted with students and teachers in the early years who participated in a semistructured interview . Authors like Callai (1999 and 2005), Cavalcanti (2005 and 1998) and Burke (1992) theoretically supports the research . They have in common a new conception of education that values the small deeds that result in major events. The student, in this view, plays an important role as a subject of social transformation. The research has favored both the analysis of the conceptions of teachers and students, assisting in reflection on teaching practices, but also led to reflect on the training of teachers. The research shows us that the type of material used and the practice adopted may impair the access of students to the language of nature and society

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The paper presents a work project developed by the Laboratory of Studies and Research in History Teaching of Unesp/campus Assis (LEPEDIH), which the classroom is understood as a place of construction of historical knowledge through experiences, between students, teachers and future teachers that add teaching, research and extension, in a way that occur the approach between university and public elementary schools in order that participants can relate the study of history with their own life.

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There are three distinct and complementary objectives The first objective is to present a short historical overview on the establishment of evening courses in Brazil (classes are held on weekdays, generally from 7:00 pm to 10:30 pm), including those in the higher education level, occurred on the middle of last century. The second objective is to demonstrate the growth of evening higher education, considering that in 1998, of the 2.1 million college enrollments, 55.3% were enrolled in evening courses; in 2010, twelve years later, of the 5.4 million students enrolled, there were 63.5% enrolled in evening courses. The third objective is to discuss current public policies to expand evening openings in public institutions which represent nowadays only 16.1% of the 3.4 million enrollments for evening classes. In the third objective it is included the discussion of programs for scholarships and tuition loans. The research results pointed to the importance of federal programs for scholarships and tuition loans for students from private institutions such as the 1,382,484 scholarships since 2004 (PROUNI Program) and the 847,000 tuition loans since 1999 (FIES Program). Important steps have been made by the Brazilian government. Considering that there are 3,987,424 enrollments in private institutions, the effectiveness of the programs for scholarships and tuition loans is still insufficient to meet the universal benefits for the student’s needs. Evening courses became the real instrument of social inclusion for many Brazilian youths and must be expanded quantitatively and qualitatively, with aggressive public policies, including also, scholarships and tuition loans.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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We report here some outcomes of a research related to a didactical experience aiming to integrate the History of Science to the Physics Teaching, taking as background the historical development of the gravitational attraction. The research, of qualitative approach, is a case study and it was carried out in a sample of eleven students belonging to an undergraduate physics program (called licenciatura in Brazil) designed to from High School physics teachers in a São Paulo State Public University. We tried initially to reveal prospective teachers’ conceptions in order to provide a prepare that was used to guide the activities from the reality’s diagnosis. The aim was to promote discussions on the existence and persistence of alternative conceptions, on the historical evolution of the subject gravitational attraction, through readings and debates of texts contemplating recent subjects on the Science Education research, in order to generate dissatisfaction with traditional teaching models. The future High School physics teachers were asked to construct their own teaching proposal, through the development, in real situations, in a High School, of a minicourse based on: debates and synthesis developed in University classroom, the History of the Science and the student’s alternative conceptions. In this paper we will analyze future teachers’ alternative conceptions, the development of the course proposed, and details of the mini-courses taught by the prospective teachers in real situations, among High School students, its coherence and the posture changes observed in them.