871 resultados para carbon fibre reinforced plastics
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The aim of this article is to propose advances for the preparation of hybrid nanocomposites prepared by the combination of intercalation from solution and melt-processing methods. This research investigates the effect of the laponite RDS content on the thermal, structural, and mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch (TPS). X-ray diffraction was performed to investigate the dispersion of the laponite RDS layers into the TPS matrix. The results show good nanodispersion, intercalation, and exfoliation of the clay platelets, indicating that these composites are true nanocomposites. The presence of laponite RDS also improves the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the TPSmatrix due to its reinforcement effect which was optimized by the high degree of exfoliation of the clay. Thus, these results indicate that the exfoliated TPS-laponite nanocomposites have great potential for industrial applications and, more specifically, in the packaging field. © The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.
Enhanced bulk and superficial hydrophobicities of starch-based bionanocomposites by addition of clay
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In this work, thermoplastic starch (TPS)-clay bionanocomposites were obtained by an innovative methodology using a combination of methodologies commonly used in the composites and nanocomposites preparations. The main objectives or novelties were to confirm efficiency of the processing methodology by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy and investigate the effect of clay content on the spectroscopic, bulk and surface hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of these bionanocomposites. Raman and FTIR spectroscopies confirmed the changes in the spectroscopic properties of the TPS bionanocomposites with the addition of the clay materials. Water absorption and contact angle measurements were also used to analyze the effect of the clay content on the hydrophilic properties of the TPS bionanocomposites. The results also showed that the addition of the cloisite-Na+ clay increased the bulk and surface hydrophobicities of the TPS matrix, which may increase its industrial application, particularly in manufacturing of food containers. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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Free films were obtained by the solvent casting method from retrograded starch-pectin dispersions at different polymer proportions and concentrations with and without plasticizer. Film forming dispersions were characterized according to their hardness, birefringence and rheological properties. The polymer dispersions showed a predominantly viscous behavior (G″ > G′) and the absence of plasticizers lead to building of stronger structures, while the occurrence of Maltese crosses in the retrograded dispersions indicates the occurrence of a crystalline organization. Analyses of the films included mechanical properties, thickness, superficial and cross sectional morphology, water vapor permeability, liquid uptake ability, X-ray diffractometry, in vitro dissolution and enzymatic digestion. The high resistant starch content (65.8-96.8%) assured the resistance of materials against enzymatic digestion by pancreatin. Changes in the X-ray diffraction patterns indicated a more organized and crystalline structure of free films in relation to isolated polymers. Increasing of pectin proportion and pH values favored the dissolution and liquid uptake of films. Films prepared with lower polymer concentration presented better barrier function (WVP and mechanical properties). © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Falhas inesperadas em transformadores levaram a identificação da formação de sulfeto de cobre, depositado sobre os condutores, avaliando-se da presença qualitativa de enxofre corrosivo resultando na alteração da norma brasileira ABNT NBR 10505, que avalia a presença de enxofre corrosivo em óleo mineral, alterando-se o tempo e a temperatura de ensaio para 150 °C por 48 horas. Realizando-se a especiação química de compostos organosulfurados via cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas, onde foram encontrados 13 compostos sulfurados no óleo Nynas e 9 compostos no óleo da Petrobras, sendo o dibenzil dissulfeto (DBDS) o de maior concentração, encontrado apenas no óleo Nynas. Para realizar a determinação da presença do DBDS em óleo mineral isolante foi desenvolvido um método através de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas, e por este método foi possível quantificar o teor de DBDS em amostras de OMI oriundas de transformadores de potência. Foi avaliado o processo de passivação do cobre por benzotriazol e tolutriazol, utilizados como aditivos anticorrosivos no núcleo dos equipamentos elétricos, verificando-se que o efeito da adição agente de passivação torna-se ineficaz com o passar do tempo. A solução para a remoção de DBDS em óleo mineral foi a utilização de nanotubo de carbono baseado em matriz metálica (NTC/Al) como agente de remoção do DBDS. Verificou-se que o agente de adsorção foi capaz de efetuar a remoção total do DBDS do OMI até um volume de 4000 mL de óleo contaminado com DBDS.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Nowadays technological trend is based on finding materials that could support low weight with satisfactory mechanical properties and for this reason composite material became a very attractive topic in research projects all over the world. Due to its heterogenic properties, this type of material shows scatter in mechanical test results, especially in cyclic loading. Therefore it is important to predict its fatigue strength behaviour by statistic analysis, once fatigue causes approximately 90% of the failure in structural components. The present work aimed to investigate the fatigue behaviour of the Twill/Cycom 890 composite, which is carbon fiber reinforced with polymeric resin as matrix and manufactured via RTM process (Resin Transfer Molding). All samples were tested in different tensile level in triplicate in order to associate these values. The statistical analysis was conducted with Two-Parameter Weibull Distribution and then evaluated the fatigue life results for the composite. Weibull graphics were used to determine the scale and shape parameters. The S-N curve for the Twill/Cycom composite was drawn and indicated the number of cycles to occur the first damages in this material. The probability of failure was associated with material reliability, as shown in graphics for the different tensile levels and fatigue life. In addition, the laminate was evaluated by ultrasonic inspection showing a regular impregnation. The fractographic analysis conducted by SEM showed failure mechanisms for polymeric composites associated to cyclic loadings ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Il progresso nella tecnica di recupero e di rinforzo nelle strutture metalliche con i polimeri fibro-rinforzati FRP (fibre reinforced polymers). 1.1 Introduzione nelle problematiche ricorrenti delle strutture metalliche. Le strutture moderne di una certa importanza, come i grattacieli o i ponti, hanno tempi e costi di costruzione molto elevati ed è allora di importanza fondamentale la loro durabilità, cioè la lunga vita utile e i bassi costi di manutenzione; manutenzione intesa anche come modo di restare a livelli prestazionali predefiniti. La definizione delle prestazioni comprende la capacità portante, la durabilità, la funzionalità e l’aspetto estetico. Se il livello prestazionale diventa troppo basso, diventa allora necessario intervenire per ripristinare le caratteristiche iniziali della struttura. Strutture con una lunga vita utile, come per la maggior parte delle strutture civili ed edilizie, dovranno soddisfare esigenze nuove o modificate: i mezzi di trasporto ad esempio sono diventati più pesanti e più diffusi, la velocità dei veicoli al giorno d'oggi è aumentata e ciò comporta anche maggiori carichi di tipo dinamico.