Greenhouse gas mitigation potential from green harvested sugarcane scenarios in São Paulo State, Brazil

Brazil is a major sugarcane producer and São Paulo State cultivates 5.5 million hectares, close to 50% of Brazil's sugarcane area. The rapid increase in production has brought into question the sustainability of biofuels, especially considering the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated to the agricultural sector. Despite the significant progress towards the green harvest practices, 1.67 million hectares were still burned in São Paulo State during the 2011 harvest season. Here an emissions inventory for the life cycle of sugarcane agricultural production is estimated using IPCC methodologies, according to the agriculture survey data and remote sensing database. Our hypothesis is that 1.67 million hectares shall be converted from burned to green harvest scenarios up to years 2021 (rate 1), 2014 (rate 2) or 2029 (rate 3). Those conversions would represent a significant GHG mitigation, ranging from 50.5 to 70.9 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO2eq) up to 2050, depending on the conversion rate and the green harvest systems adopted: conventional (scenario S1) or conservationist management (scenario S2). We show that a green harvest scenario where crop rotation and reduced soil tillage are practiced has a higher mitigation potential (70.9 Mt CO2eq), which is already practiced in some of the sugarcane areas. Here we support the decision to not just stop burning prior to harvest, but also to consider other better practices in sugarcane areas to have a more sustainable sugarcane based ethanol production in the most dense cultivated sugarcane region in Brazil. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Genetic diversity among progenies of Crambe abyssinica Hochst for seed traits

Crambe is an important biofuel crop and its oil has unique traits such as high erucic acid content which can be used as industrial lubricant, corrosion inhibitor as well as ingredient in synthetic rubber manufacturing. Genetic diversity among 70 progenies of Crambe abyssinica Hochst selected from a population of FMS Brilhante cultivar was quantified by multivariate analysis for traits related to germination, thousand grain weight and oil content. There were significant differences among progenies for all traits studied. Estimation of genetic variance and heritability coefficients showed that the variability found in the progeny is more genetic than environmental which enables genetic gains with selection. Heritability coefficient varied from 68 to 79%, except for oil content and number of dead seedlings. Simple correlation analysis showed that germination and vigor were positively correlated, and thousand grain weight and oil content were not correlated with any of the seed traits. Based on multivariate analysis, the progenies could be grouped into 26 clusters. Clusters 1, 2 and 3 had the highest number of progeny with 7, 8 and 6 lineages, respectively. Clusters 21-26 had higher dissimilarity within the cluster with one in each progeny. The trait that most contributed to the cluster was the germination (36.2%) and less contributed was the number of seedlings killed (1.1%). The progenies indicate genetic diversity for seed traits and the selection of superior progenies is possible considering the studied traits. © 2013.

Efeitos dos poluentes gerados pela queima de biomassa no transporte mucociliar nasal e percepção da qualidade de vida de cortadores de cana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos da exposição a queima de biomassa na função pulmonar e transportabilidade mucociliar e investigação de doenças ocupacionais dos trabalhadores rurais do setor canavieiro

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

Caracterização biofísica e estrutural da metaloproteinase não-hemorrágica do veneno de Bothrops moojeni e da endo-β-glicanase do Bacillus subtilis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Os Paradigmas da imprensa na cobertura das políticas ambientais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise energética do processo experimental de produção de biodiesel a partir de óleo de frango

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Proposta para mensuração de custos em cadeia de suprimentos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A cooperação entre Brasil e Estados Unidos na área de biocombustíveis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Renewable energy sources in Latin America and the Caribbean: situation and policy proposals

Includes bibliography

Comparação da produção de celulases e xilanases por fungos filamentosos em fermentação submersa e estado sólido

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

Produção de lipase por Fusarium oxysporum em fermentação em estado sólido e sua aplicação em reações de síntese de ésteres de biodiesel

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Utilização do óleo extraído dos resíduos da filetagem de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) para produção de biodiesel

The aims of this study were to evaluate the potential of the oil extracted from tilapia residues filleting for biodiesel production, select the one that presents the greatest potential for this purpose and characterize the obtained biodiesel to be neutralized or refined and analyzed according to their physicochemical and yield characteristics. For this, the crude heads, carcasses and offal which have undergone physical and chemical analysis and yield were extracted. For this, the crude oil was extracted from the heads, carcasses and guts, which have passed through physicochemical and yield analysis.For the statistical analysis, a completely randomized design was used with 3 treatments (head, carcass and viscera) and 5 replications.It was observed significant differences in the oils (P <0.05) being the viscera oil the one that showed higher yield although it presented the worst values for all evaluated indices. For this reason this oil was selected for further studies. In this new stage of the study the treatments were: neutralized crude oil and viscera refined oil with different volumes of NaOH 16%.It was adopted a completely randomized design, with a 2x3 factorial (types of oil x soda volumes) with 3 replications. The analyzed variables were acid value, saponification index, peroxide value and iodine value. It was also evaluated the performance of all the obtained biodiesel. It can be concluded that: among the filleting residues oil of tilapias, the one which is more suitable for biodiesel production, due to its high yield, was the viscera oil. The use of all stages of refining is indispensable, once the obtained index and the yield were greater in the biodiesel refined oil; the produced biodiesel from tilapia’s viscera oil meets the ANP standards and, therefore, it is adequate for use.

Determinação simultânea de ferro e cobre em etanol combustível utilizando eletrodo de nanotubos de carbono modificados

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Método alternativo para detecção de não conformidade em gasolina comercial brasileira do tipo C

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ