Santasaurus.

Es Navidad en Ciudad del Dinosaurio y los hermanos Ollie, Molly y Milo están escribiendo la carta a Santasaurus. Todos quieren un juguete, pero Milo lo que desea es volar en el trineo de éste. Están en los preparativos de la noche mágica, decoran el árbol, cuelgan las medias de la chimenea y esperan dormidos la visita de Santasaurus, excepto Milo que despierto, le está esperando.

Un Museo Arqueológico ejemplar.

Se describe la creación y composición del Museo Arqueológico Provincial de Sevilla, cuya construcción terminó en 1945. Tiene previstas 16 salas de exposiciones públicas, en la que las colecciones quedarán organizadas para las visitas. Constará de una planta principal y otra de sótanos. Las salas se distribuirán del siguiente modo: Sala I, Antigüedades anterromanas. Sala II, Arte hispánico anterromano. Sala III, Antigüedades romanas, hispalenses y astigitanas. Sala IV, Escultura monumental de Itálica. Sala V, Del Mercurio de Itálica. Sala VI, De la Venus de Itálica. Sala VII, De la Diana romana de Itálica. Sala VIII, Imperial. Con todo, aún quedaría por instalar: la sala de epigrafía hispanorromana, una sala con material funerario de época romana, antigüedades paleocristianas, material funerario procedente de la necrópoli de inhumación de Itálica, Antigüedades visigodas, Antigüedades hispanoárabes y moriscas, Antigüedades góticas y Colecciones de la Edad Moderna.

Budding Aphrodite: into the future

As with many aspects of antiquity, the more we discover about Aphrodite, the more we seek. Images of her or others in her guise are extensive; work over the last two hundred years provides important historical and archaeological contexts that connect the images with their creators and users. These contexts are now an important means of understanding Aphrodite’s divine personality or role(s) in various places and times. Although ancient attestation for her is sometimes less than for other goddesses, there is certainlymore post-antique evidence for her Nachleben— as herself, as Venus, or as an archetype or stereotype. Our comprehension is nonetheless complicated by the variety of ways she is perceived and received—in cult, art, and literature—up to the present.

Exposure to space radiation of high-performance infrared multilayer-filters and materials technology experiments

Infrared multilayer interference filters have been used extensively in satellite radiometers for about 15 years. Filters manufactured by the University of Reading have been used in Nimbus 5, 6, and 7, TIROS N, and the Pioneer Venus orbiter. The ability of the filters to withstand the space environment in these applications is critical; if degradation takes place, the effects would range from worsening of signal-to-noise performance to complete system failure. An experiment on the LDEF will enable the filters, for the first time, to be subjected to authoritative spectral measurements following space exposure to ascertain their suitability for spacecraft use and to permit an understanding of degradation mechanisms.

Broad range of 2050 warming from an observationally constrained large climate model ensemble

Incomplete understanding of three aspects of the climate system—equilibrium climate sensitivity, rate of ocean heat uptake and historical aerosol forcing—and the physical processes underlying them lead to uncertainties in our assessment of the global-mean temperature evolution in the twenty-first century1,2. Explorations of these uncertainties have so far relied on scaling approaches3,4, large ensembles of simplified climate models1,2, or small ensembles of complex coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation models5,6 which under-represent uncertainties in key climate system properties derived from independent sources7–9. Here we present results from a multi-thousand-member perturbed-physics ensemble of transient coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model simulations. We find that model versions that reproduce observed surface temperature changes over the past 50 years show global-mean temperature increases of 1.4–3 K by 2050, relative to 1961–1990, under a mid-range forcing scenario. This range of warming is broadly consistent with the expert assessment provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report10, but extends towards larger warming than observed in ensemblesof-opportunity5 typically used for climate impact assessments. From our simulations, we conclude that warming by the middle of the twenty-first century that is stronger than earlier estimates is consistent with recent observed temperature changes and a mid-range ‘no mitigation’ scenario for greenhouse-gas emissions.

Política e compromisso: os novos sistemas de gestão em saúde na Europa: o caso da Itália

Trata dos novos modelos de gestão na área da.saúdepública no- Reino Unido; Suécia, França, Espanha, aprofundando O caso da Itália. Aborda os novos tipos de gerenciamento da rede pública eda rede pública hospitalar destes países, apontando o caso da cidade de Milão como ilustração dos intercâmbios técnicos e das reformas dos Estados Europeus.

Metodismo e setores populares: análise da proposta de trabalho do Instituto Central do Povo (Rio de Janeiro, 1906-1930)

A prática educativa protestante no Brasi I se ex pressou principalmente através de colégios destinados as camadas dominantes da sociedade. No entanto, existiram também outras escolas, para atendimento a alunos provenientes das classes populares. No caso específico dos metodistas, foram cria - das escolas paroquiais e, no Rio de Janeiro, na zona portuária, surgiu o Instituto Central do Povo, com ativida - des ligadas a educação, saúde e higiene, trabalho, lazer, além da pregação religiosa. Este tipo de proposta de trabalho foi liderado por setores da igreja metodista que revelavam especial in teresse pelas questões sociais. De fato, desde sua origem na Inglaterra existem evidências de que os metodistas se preocupavam com as condições sociais a que o povo da epoca estava submetido, como se pode ver nos discursos de seus líderes e mesmo na sua prática. Posteriormente, ao transplantar-se o meto - dismo para a América, persistiram as discussões acerca des sas questoes, inclusive provocando divisões internas. Embora a orientação predominante, trazida para o Brasil pelos missionários, tenha sido a influenciada p~ 10 pietismo e pela fi losofia 1 iberal, em íntima relação com o processo de consolidação do capitalismo na sociedade norte-americana durante o Século XIX, é necessário reconhecer entre os metodistas a existência de grupos que defenderam o envolvimento dos cristãos e da igreja nas lu tas sociais, em defesa dos setores populares. Dentro do quadro do protestantismo norte-americano esses grupos se fil iam à corrente conhecida como Evangelho Social.A tentativa de atuação dos missionários metodis tas, 1 igados a esta tendência, que vieram ao Brasil teve, porem, alcance limitado na medida em que esbarrou em di - versos obstáculos: nos fundamentos teóricos sobre os quais as atividades foram concebidas, nas dificuldades de inser ção num contexto social diferente e na própria situação de inferioridade numérica dessa corrente dentro da Igreja.

Aqui o nativo é o caboclo... : O processo de construção da identidade cabocla em Mirandas/RN

Ce travaille de dissertation (Master) est le résultat de trois ans de travaille auprès de Mirandas, endroit situé à 22 kilomètres de la ville de Caraúbas, région ouest de l Etat du Rio Grande do Norte. Pendant cette période, on a compris que les habitants de Mirandas se identifient et sont identifiés pour les autres comme des caboclos , catégorie de classification que dans le discours courant, soit à Mirandas ou dans la siège de la municipalité, a des rapports avec la vision que les tous premiers habitants de Mirandas sont venus de la ville du Cabo , dans l Etat de Pernambuco. Et pourtant ; l usage qu a été fait de cette version a fini pour cacher des éléments qui ont défini l identité de Mirandas, tel comme la probable descendance indigène que parfois est actionnée dans les narratives qui montrent des rapports entre les portugais et des femmes indiens qu ont été pris à casco de cavalo (cheval) . (MACÊDO, 2010; CAVIGNAC, 2003). Donc, cette ethnographie porte à la lumière des éléments que sont utilisés pour les mirandenses pour définir leur identité. Cette identité peut être bien visualisé a partir des éléments que les caboclos font des signes diacritiques (BARTH, 1998; OLIVEIRA, 1976), bien comme des rapports établis entre les habitants de Mirandas et ces de Caraúbas. Des rapports qui ont rendu possible les manifestations d affinité et de conflits et que, donc, nous aide à entendre comme cette identité se réactualise dans ces rapports d union et opposition que les mirandenses construisent avec les caraubenses. Cela arrive dans les rapports territoriaux, économiques et de façon plus marquante, dans les rapports religieux.

Um olhar sobre as veredas rosianas.

The present work objective to study the configurations that the hinterland it acquires in the workmanship Great hinterland: trails, of Guimarães Rosa demonstrating as this author humanize this element, conferring to it characters universal mystics and through investigations, uncertainties, the auto-corrections of Riobaldo that become hinterland a metaphor of the human interior. Three are the chapters, that they will guide this work: the chapter 1 presents as element key for characterization of the epic one in Great hinterland: trails, the mining hinterland replete of trails, palco of exuberant vegetation, huge and multidimensional scene, where it has an entrecruzamento of fiction and reality. It retakes quarrel of critics as Manuel Cavalcanti Proença, Roberto Schwarz, on the existing epic character in the Great hinterland: trails, constructed from deriving myths of the universal culture, that they had been become popular. The brave and gracious knight, that it has its representabilidade in the popular culture. Thus the medieval hero, the knight represented for the Riobaldo personage, it is cognominado by Proença as Don Riobaldo of the Urucuia, knight of the general fields. O chapter 2 is a study on the popular culture in Rosa and Cascudo. Cascudo the example of Rosa also is exímio studious of the brazilian life, the regionalization and the popular manifestations proceeding from other cultures. O chapter 3 it has as focus of analysis two mitopoéticas personages: Diadorim e Luzia-Homem, which in the cited narratives they generally they assume functions generally atribute the men. Since children, if they dresses male. Valley to point out that Diadorim is not characterized as man, since in Great hinterland:trails if trajaq always as gunman. Luzia, when complete 18 anos pass if to dress as woman, but the stigma of male and female, inherited of the time where it coexisted the father folloies it for all the life. They suffer pain to have been born to fight and to não conhecer to love. They die you deliver the God. This study detects exactly that Diadorim and Luzia-Homem, are personages associates the myths of the universal culture and popular (sphinx, Jellyfish, Venus, Mother d water), that they possess similarities n the archetypes, that transit between the sexos masculine and feminine, without any sexual connotation, possesss it proper code of honr, of this not abdicating ahead of the death. Parallel, in this chapter two cascudianas workmanships willbe studies, that contemplate thematic of the dressed woman of man and being the woman without disguice: the enchantment tale Maria Gomes and romance Flower of tragics romances. The first one will be revisited in order to present subject in Great hinterland:trails through the Diadorim personage. As it will discourse on cases of brave women, cited for Cascudo, immortalized for the tradition, who had made history, that already is not disfarçam of men to carry through acts of bravery and honor.

A doença de criar passarinhos: a lírica humanizadora de João Cabral de Melo Neto

João Cabral de Melo Neto n a jamais aimé les vers sentimentaux et prolixes venus de la tradition romantique. C est pour ça que son uvre a un discours objectif, rigoureusement elaboré e elle comporte certaines influences concretistes ça explique pourquoi l auteur est connu comme l ingénieur de la langage. En verité, le poète même dissait qu il était un homme froid et rationnel. La critique a assidument analysé la matière logique et le rigeuer formel de l uvre de Cabral de Melo. Pourtant, dans ce travail nous analysons les poèmes dont le sentiments humaines sont la mtière principal de l élaboration de l experiènce esthétique. La poèsie de João Cabral n est pas simple verbalisme formel, ni un uvre sens vie, car les objects concrètes et la langage objectif n empêchent pas qui le sujet décrit avec émotion les scènes presents dans les poèmes. Nous travaillons avec la hypothèse de que le poète a une attitude trop humaine quand il parle de l experience culturel et de l experience de la vie dans le Nord-est brésilien. Les unités témathiques de ce travail, pourtant, montrent la représentation du Nord-est dans la poèsie de João Cabral et examinent aussi le sentiment qu il sent par la memoire culturel de sa région. Parmi les aspects qui composent sa lyrique humaine nous citons la personification constant de les paysages du Nord-est le poète ne veux pas faire une décrition tophographique de la région parce que les places ont un valeuer sentimentel pour lui; au moyen d un discours erotique, Cabral represente les desirs et les intints humaines de sa terre; ensuite, il semble que le poète est enchanté et enveloppé avec certains elemets culturels de sa région, come l hamac, la littérature oral et la musique régional; la preoccupation avec la population explorée et la denonciation de la condition miserable dans le Nord-est brésilien confirment aussi la humanité présent dans son uvre; finalment, la récordation de l enfance et la nostalgie du temps passé sont, pour le poète, un possibilité qui peut aider dans la formation humaine de la population

Ecologia humana e manejo participativo da pesca do búzio Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) (Bivalvia: Veneridae) na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Estadual Ponta do Tubarão (RN)

Coastal and marine protected areas are created to protect habitat, avoid biodiversity loss, and to help maintain viable fisheries. However, most of these areas in tropical countries occurs in impoverished regions and directly affect the livelihood and survival of coastal communities which directly depend on fisheries and shellfisheries. Therefore, socioeconomic and conservation goals overlap. In this context, fishers should have a central place in resource management. They are critical resource users and their behavior directly affects the system. Shellfish resources are important sources of food, employment and income to fishing communities in Latin America. But despite its widespread use for food and income, there is an urgent need of more research on shellfish management. This research discusses the artisanal fisheries of Venus clam (Anomalocardia brasiliana) (Gmelin, 1791) (Bivalvia: Veneridae) in Brazil, and points out strategies to improve the system. Venus clam is a small and commonly exploited species for food and income on the Brazilian coast. This research was carried out at Ponta do Tubarão Sustainable Development Reserve (Brazilian Northeast coast), where there was no information available about who harvest, where or how much Venus clam has been harvested, despite this resource being exploited for generations. Clam fishery follows the pattern of socio-economic invisibility that general clam exploitation has in Brazil. Methods used were interviews, participatory monitoring and focal follow observation from January 2010 to May 2011. Results include: (a) the identification of shell fishers, (b) how harvest and meat processing are performed (mollusk beds, time spent, gross and net production), (c) the analisis of shell fisher income and their economic sustentability, and (d) the involvement of shell fisher families in data gathering and analyses for the first time. Based on the acquired knowledge, we propose a new institutional arrangement for clam fishery including co-management, fisheries agreement, compensatory arrangements and improvements for the Venus clam value chain such as the establishment of a minimum price for clam meat. This research also includes two other results: a general description for Venus clam harvesting in the Brazilian Northeast coast and a specific discussion about co-management of Venus clam in Brazil. The first one was possible through the meeting of several shell fisherwomen from other states during activities promoted by People of the Tides (PoT) project. PoT was an international initiative aiming to develop coastal communities that depend on mollusk for their livelihood. The second one is a comparison between PoT and Venus clam management at Pirajubaé Marine Extractive Reserve (Santa Catarina). It evaluates the success and failures of these only two initiatives involving co-management of A. brasiliana in Brazil

Factors affecting fertilisation and early embryo quality in single- and superovulated dairy cattle

Data on fertilisation and embryo quality in dairy cattle are presented and the main factors responsible for the low fertility of single-ovulating lactating cows and embryo yield in superovulated dairy cattle are highlighted. During the past 50 years, the fertility in high-producing lactating dairy cattle has decreased as milk production increased. Recent data show conception rates to first service to be approximately 32% in lactating cows, whereas in heifers it has remained above 50%. Fertilisation does not seem to be the principal factor responsible for the low fertility in single-ovulating cows, because it has remained above 80%. Conversely, early embryonic development is impaired in high-producing dairy cows, as observed by most embryonic losses occurring during the first week after fertilisation. However, in superovulated dairy cattle, although fertilisation failure is more pronounced, averaging approximately 45%, the percentage of fertilised embryos viable at 1 week is quite high (>70%). Among the multifactorial causes of low fertility in lactating dairy cows, high feed intake associated with low concentrations of circulating steroids may contribute substantially to reduced embryo quality. Fertilisation failure in superovulated cattle may be a consequence of inappropriate gamete transport due to hormonal imbalances.