A system of surgery : theoretical and practical /

Imprint varies: v. 2-3 published by Parker, son, and Bourn; v. 4 by Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green.

The organs of internal secretion, their diseases and therapeutic application; a book for general practitioners.

"In this edition several important alterations have been made in the construction of the book. A chapter has been inserted dealing with the physiology of the internal secretions and their relationships ... The position of this chapter has necessitated the renumbering of the subsequent chapters; and two chapters have been added in later parts of the book." - Pref.

Thyroidectomy (1 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (2 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (3 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (4 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (5 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (6 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (7 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Thyroidectomy (8 of 8)

3B carbon dust, H and HH carbon pencils, and 9H graphite pencil on video paper; Dr. Norman W. Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Orientation of Patient and Endotracheal Tube (1 of 5)

Pen & Ink; Dr. Norman Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Incision for Parathyroid Surgery (2 of 5)

3B Carbon Dust, H and HH Carbon Pencils; Dr. Norman Thompson, University of Michigan Department of Surgery

Twentieth century practice; an international encyclopedia of modern medical science by leading authorities of Europe and America,

Contains bibliographies.

The influence of viral genotypes and rejection episodes on the recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation

Purpose. The aim of this study was to report the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype and rejection episodes on the outcome of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), hepatitis recurrence, and progression to graft cirrhosis after OLT. Methods. Fifty-three patients who all had undergone OLT for end-stage liver cirrhosis were selected for this study. Hepatitis C genotype was determined. Recurrent hepatitis and rejection were diagnosed based on elevated liver function tests and a liver biopsy. Results. The patients were followed up for a mean of 51.9 +/- 34.3 months. The cumulative survival rate was no different in OLT for hepatitis C and OLT for all other liver diseases. After OLT, serum HCV RNA was detected in 93%. Histological recurrence occurred in 85% of all patients. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence rates were 48%, 77%, and 85%, respectively. Of the 41 patients with recurrent hepatitis C, 4 (10%) had cirrhosis, 18 (44%) had hepatitis with fibrosis, and 91 (46%) had hepatitis without fibrosis at the end of follow-up. A total of 32% of the patients were infected by HCV genotype 1b and 68% by other HCV genotypes. The recurrence rates were significantly higher in patients infected with genotype 1b than in those with other genotypes (p = 0.04). Twenty of 48 patients (42%) experienced acute rejection. There was a strong association between the number of rejection episodes and the incidence of HCV-related cirrhosis (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Our findings showed the genotype 1b to result in a higher recurrence rate after OLT. On the other hand, rejection episodes were associated with a more rapid progression to graft cirrhosis.

Urea based osmoregulation and endocrine control in elasmobranch fish with special reference to euryhalinity

Since the landmark contributions of Homer Smith and co-workers in the 1930s there has been a considerable advance in our knowledge regarding the osmoregulatory strategy of elasmobranch fish. Smith recognised that urea was retained in the body fluids as part of the 'osmoregulatory ballast' of elasmobranch fish so that body fluid osmolality is raised to a level that is iso- or slightly hyper-osmotic to that of the surrounding medium. From studies at that time he also postulated that many marine dwelling elasmobranchs were not capable of adaptation to dilute environments. However, more recent investigations have demonstrated that, at least in some species, this may not be the case. Gradual acclimation of marine dwelling elasmobranchs to varying environmental salinities under laboratory conditions has demonstrated that these fish do have the capacity to acclimate to changes in salinity through independent regulation of Na+, Cl- and urea levels. This suggests that many of the presumed stenohaline marine elasmobranchs could in fact be described as partially euryhaline. The contributions of Thomas Thorson in the 1970s demonstrated the osmoregulatory strategy of a fully euryhaline elasmobranch, the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and more recent investigations have examined the mechanisms behind this strategy in the euryhaline elasmobranch, Dasyatis sabina. Both partially euryhaline and fully euryhaline species utilise the same physiological processes to control urea, Na+ and Cl- levels within the body fluids. The role of the gills, kidney, liver, rectal gland and drinking process is discussed in relation to the endocrine control of urea, Na+ and Cl- levels as elasmobranchs acclimate to different environmental salinities. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.