A quasi-materialist, quasi-dualist solution to the mind-body problem

If the mental can affect, or be affected by, the physical, then the mental must itself be physical. Otherwise the physical world would not be explanatorily closed. But it is closed. There are reasons to hold that materialism (in both its reductive and non-reductive varieties) is false. So how are we to explain the apparent responsiveness of the physical to the mental and vice versa? The only possible solution seems to be this: physical objects are really projections or isomorphs of objects whose essential properties are mental. (A slightly less accurate way of putting this would be to say: the constitutive - i.e. the non-structural and non-phenomenal - properties of physical objects are mental, i.e. are such as we are used to encountering only in "introspection".) The chair, qua thing that I can know through sense perception, and through hypotheses based strictly thereupon, is a kind of shadow of an object that is exactly like it, except that this other objects essential properties are mental. This line of thought, though radically counterintuitive, explains the apparent responsiveness of the mental to the physical, and vice versa, without being open to any of the criticisms to which materialism, dualistic interaction ism, and epiphenomenalism are open.

Eficiência de utilização de nutrientes e sustentabilidade da produção em procedências de Eucalyptus grandis e Eucalyptus saligna em sítios florestais do estado de São Paulo

A eficiência de utilização de nutrientes (EUN) e o crescimento de três procedências de Eucalyptus grandis e de três de E. saligna foram avaliados, aos 78 meses de idade, nos municípios de Angatuba, Itapetininga, Paraibuna, São Miguel Aracanjo e São José dos Campos, Estado de São Paulo. Houve variação na produção de biomassa entre os municípios, sendo as maiores produtividades observadas em São Miguel Aracanjo, seguido por Paraibuna, com os demais municípios constituindo um terceiro grupo. Dentro dos municípios não houve diferença entre materiais genéticos na produção de biomassa, exceto em São Miguel Arcanjo. Os materiais genéticos mostraram variações na EUN entre locais. Observou-se maior EUN de E. grandis em relação ao E. saligna para N, P e Mg, não havendo diferenças apreciáveis de eficiência entre as duas espécies para Ca e K. A alta EUN não está necessariamente ligada à alta produtividade. O Ca e o K são os nutrientes que mais poderão limitar a produtividade do próximo ciclo, quando se considera a colheita do tronco. Entretanto, esta limitação pode ser substancialmente reduzida, principalmente para o Ca, se a colheita for realizada apenas do lenho.

Planktic Cyanobacteria from São Paulo State, Brazil: Chroococcales

The biodiversity studies of planktic cyanobacteria started in 1997 with intensive collecting in different water bodies of São Paulo State. Due to the problems brougth by eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms, the samplings were concentrated in reservoirs of Alto Tietê region that supply drinking water to millions of people. The samples were collected with 20 µm plankton net or Van Dorn's bottle. Part of each one was preserved in formaldehyde or lugol solution and part was isolated. The culture strains were kept in BG11 and/or AMS1 media. Based on natural and culture material, 26 species were identified belonging to the families Chroococcaceae (2 taxa), Merismopediaceae (12), Microcystaceae (7) and Synechococcaceae (5). Among these species, six are potentialy toxic: Aphanocapsa incerta (Lemmerm.) Cronberg & Komárek, Microcystis aeruginosa (Kütz.) Kütz., M. botrys Teiling, M. panniformis Komárek et al., M. wesenbergii (Komárek) Komárek, and Radiocystis fernandoi Komárek & Komár.-Legn. Bacularia and Coelosphaeriopsis are genera reported for the first time in Brazil.

Floristic composition and similarity analysis of an Atlantic rain forest fragment in Cananéia, São Paulo State, Brazil

The aim of this study is to investigate the floristic composition of an Atlantic rain forest fragment located in Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil, and to contribute to the knowledge on Atlantic forest through the comparative analysis of this and other floristic surveys both on the southern and southeastern Brazil, in different soil and relief types. We surveyed 215 species in 132 genera and 51 families. Classification and ordination analysis were applied to a binary matrix in order to analyze the similarity among 24 surveys, including the present one, of Atlantic forest from the south and southeast coast of Brazil. Higher floristic similarity was observed among this area and the ones where there was marine influence and more rugged relief. The surveys in areas with greater marine influence (sandy soil) were separated from those in other conditions, possibly indicating a species replacement gradient from the steep slopes towards the lowland and were probably related to different edaphic conditions. A latitudinal gradient was found among the surveys apparently confirming a continuous species replacement along the Atlantic forest, related to a restricted distribution of the species. This suggests that it is essential to preserve areas from the whole Atlantic coast. Atlantic forest distribution is quite complex and its composition cannot be adequately represented by small localized areas.

Tetanus and diphtheria immunity in adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil

Tetanus and diphtheria vaccines are of special concern in adolescents because boosters are necessary for adequate maintenance of protection and are often omitted. We assessed serum levels of tetanus and diphtheria antibodies in adolescents and their association with vaccination status. From May to October 2001, we evaluated the vaccination records of 208 adolescents aged 10 to 20 years in São Paulo, Brazil. Antibodies to tetanus and diphtheria were detected using double-antigen ELISA and vaccination records were analyzed according to the guidelines of the Brazilian National Immunization Program. All adolescents had received complete primary vaccinations against tetanus and diphtheria, but 23.1% of them had not received a booster dose in the last 10 years. All adolescents were immune to tetanus and 88.9% were fully protected (antibodies ³0.1 IU/mL). One individual (0.5%) was non-immune to diphtheria and 86% were fully protected against the disease. Adolescents with up-to-date vaccination records had higher antibody levels than those with not up-to-date records for tetanus (0.763 vs 0.239 IU/mL, t-test: P < 0.0001) and diphtheria (0.366 vs 0.233 IU/mL, t-test: P = 0.014). Full immunity against tetanus (antibodies ³0.1 IU/mL) was higher among individuals with up-to-date vaccination (93.1%) when compared to those with not up-to-date records (75%, Fisher's exact test: P = 0.001). All adolescents had received basic immunization in childhood and were protected against tetanus and diphtheria. However, these data indicate that more emphasis should be placed on the tetanus-diphtheria booster in order to avoid a decay in antibody levels.

From absolutes to aesthetics : John Dewey and the art of experience /

In this thesis I sought to capture something of the integrity of John Dewey's larger vision. While recognizing this to be a difficult challenge, I needed to clear some of the debris of an overly narrow reading of Dewey's works by students of education. The tendency of reducing Dewey's larger philosophical vision down to neat theoretical snap shots in order to prop up their particular social scientific research, was in my estimation slowly damaging the larger integrity of Dewey's vast body of work. It was, in short, killing off the desire to read big works, because doing so was not necessary to satisfying the specialized interests of social scientific research. In this thesis then I made a plea for returning the Humanities to the center of higher education. It is there that students learn how to read and to think—skills required to take on someone of Dewey's stature. I set out in this thesis to do just that. I took Dewey's notion of experience as the main thread connecting all of his philosophy, and focused on two large areas of inquiry, science and its relation to philosophy, and aesthetic experience. By exploring in depth Dewey's understanding of human experience as it pertains to day-to-day living, my call was for a heightened mode of artful conduct within our living contexts. By calling on the necessity of appreciating the more qualitative dimensions of lived experience, I was hoping that students engaged in the Social Sciences might begin to bolster their research interests with more breadth and depth of reading and critical insight. I expressed this as being important to the survival and intelligent flourishing of democratic conduct.

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, Tuesday P.M.

The letter reads:"Daddy dearie I have been so blue and homesick to-day that I could have cried my eyes out. Oh! Sweetheart, will the time ever come for that ice breaker to go down? I love you so and miss you so that dearie me if I don't see you soon, I'll die. Please keep reminding Mr. Grogan to let me know when that boat goes, for if I should miss it, I would be distincted. And if you should hear of it's sailing, dear, you let me know, too. The way I talk anyone might think that I am having a very unpleasant visit. On the contrary, I am enjoying my little sojourn here very much. I am with the family most of the time and they are all perfectly wonderful to me. They can't do enough for me. Shower me with love all the time, but with it all there is that big, big desire to be with my Dadd. I want to be where my heart is - in Shelter Bay. I can hardly wait to hear about the house. Have they started the plastering yet? I forgot to tell you that I cannot find out whether or not that linoleum can be bought in Canada. I shall keep on making inquiries, tho, dear, and hope to hear something about it soon. Well Daddy my own, bye-bye for another time. Al the love in the world your little Bubbles."

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, Monday Afternoon

The letter reads:" Dearest, How do you like this little surprise party? It is the latest way of sewing for the Red Cross - You remember I told you I was to meet Maud at two o'clock this afternoon, and we were going down to make surgical dressings? Well, thru a little misunderstanding about our meeting place, we missed each other; so I returned home. Mother thought I looked tired and insisted upon my taking a nap. I cam up to my room, and for an hour I've been trying to sleep, but "thought"(???) has prevented it. Artie dear, I have such an awful attack of the blues and while I was lying there trying to fight it, and also wishing that I knew your address - for I felt so much like writing to you, the thought came to me, that I could send a letter to you thru Chaunce, if I knew his company number. Hence - ensued a little chat with Mrs. Leake on the phone, and receiving the desired information, rushed to my desk, and - thus endeth the little tale. You are just about reaching Washington now, and I bet you are tired after that dreadfully monotonous trip. Take good care of yourself my "___"(?) Good luck, and lots of other wishes. Lovingly "Me". P.S. Write real, real soon and thank Chaunce for playing postman. L.

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, 10 December

It is unknown when the Montcalm will sail the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, so Eleanore Celeste waits to travel to Arthur in Shelter Bay. She visited with Mother Schmon after taking her own Mother to the dentist. The letter is labelled number 69.

Letter to Robert Nelles from W. Harris

Letter to Robert Nelles from W. Harris who says that he has just heard of the death of one of his parishioners so he must go to see the family. Most of the letter concerns his carriage. This is accompanied by an envelope postmarked Brockville, Oct. 15, 1851.

Writing : a concrete strategy to facilitate the integration of conflicting identities into the self

Je reconnais l’aide financière du Centre d’études ethniques des Universités montréalaises (CEETUM), du Ministère de l’Éducation – Aide Financières au Études (AFE), et ainsi que de l’Université de Montréal (Département de psychologie et Faculté des études supérieures) dans la réalisation de ce mémoire.

Cáncer gástrico en Colombia entre 2000 y 2009

Introducción: De todos los casos de cáncer en el mundo el 80% se presentan en países en vía de desarrollo siendo el cáncer de estómago o cáncer gástrico la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en el mundo con aproximadamente 700.000 muertes cada año. En Colombia, el cáncer gástrico es la primera causa de muerte por tumores malignos en ambos sexos, aún cuando no es la primera neoplasia en frecuencia. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo, de registros de defunción del DANE, Colombia 2000 a 2009. Se analizaron tasas anuales crudas y por grupos de edad, género, procedencia geográfica, estado civil, nivel educativo y área de residencia habitual estableciendo diferencias estadísticas entre las variables y sus categorías. Resultados: En el período estudiado se registraron 43759 defunciones por cáncer gástrico, con mayor frecuencia en hombres 1,5:1. Las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer gástrico ajustadas por grupos etáreos aumentan después de la quinta década de la vida. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todos los años estudiados y el departamento de residencia habitual del fallecido presentando Cauca (18,11- 19) y Boyacá (14,54-1742) las tasas más altas por 100.000 habitantes. Las tasas más altas se concentran en la zona de la Cordillera de los Andes, al estandarizar por grupos etáreos el Cauca tiene una tasa de 114,98 casos por 100.000 habitantes. Conclusión: El cáncer gástrico es la neoplasia que causa más muertes en Colombia por lo cual es necesario diseñar e implementar programas de detección precoz que vayan dirigidos al control de la mortalidad.

How do I get the Chapter number in Table or Figure captions to restart in Appendices using the University thesis template in Word 2010?

If you have added the Chapter number to your Table or Figure captions they will show as 1.1, 1.2 and so on. This is linked to the numbering used in the Heading 1 style. However, once you get to the Appendices the last Chapter number will continue throughout the Appendices as the Appendix heading isn't Heading 1. So what you need to do is get Word to understand that the style from which it should be picking up the first part of the Caption has changed and that it will need to restart the numbering again in each subsequent Appendix. This isn't too complex but you must follow the instructions to the letter or else it won't work.

La política exterior de Colombia con China: ¿Cuáles son los retos?

La presente investigación está orientada a una revisión de la política exterior de Colombia con China, para identificar avances, fallas y omisiones en la búsqueda del fortalecimiento de la relación. Ante el fenómeno de la globalización, el gigante asiático se presenta como un actor fundamental para establecer sociedades, por su reciente ascenso en la jerarquía de poder, su creciente industria demandante de materias primas y su densa población, cuya capacidad de consumo se amplía con el paso del tiempo. Aunque el interés de Colombia por estrechar los vínculos con China se ha manifestado en los recientes gobiernos, la carencia de una política y estrategia de Estado, así como la debilidad diplomática, ha influido en que no se haya logrado resultados sustanciales. Se vislumbran falencias en la gestión política que han repercutido en la falta de dinamismo de los vínculos y que impactan en el plano económico. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se adoptan postulados teóricos sobre la relación entre la política interna y la política externa, que explican cómo los fenómenos domésticos influyen en las posiciones que los Estados adoptan en sus relaciones con otros países. Esta visión nos permite establecer de qué manera los procesos internos de Colombia, la caracterización institucional, la designación de líderes, entre otros aspectos, han incidido en los vínculos con China. Por la naturaleza del estudio se acoge una metodología cualitativa que abarca la revisión de material bibliográfico y periodístico, la consulta de documentos oficiales y el desarrollo de entrevistas a investigadores de la relación colombo-china. También se recogen datos estadísticos, fundamentales para soportar los objetivos de este trabajo y se citan casos de países como Brasil y Chile, que constituyen un referente para conocer qué tan lejos está Colombia en su relación con el gigante asiático y cuáles son los pasos que falta por dar. Se considera que esta investigación constituye una base académica para el desarrollo de nuevos estudios sobre la relación de Colombia con China, dado que se identifican elementos que han sido determinantes en el rezago histórico frente a este país asiático. Así mismo, con este trabajo investigativo se pretende hacer un aporte, desde la academia, al Estado colombiano para el desarrollo de una estrategia diplomática que permita estrechar lazos con China, basados en los factores que se han identificado en los cuatro capítulos que contempla el estudio. Colombia está en mora de replantear su relación con una de las economías más fuertes del mundo, para ello se requiere una hoja de ruta que permita navegar con claridad hacia el gigante asiático.

Caracterización del ausentismo laboral de una IPS que presta servicios de consulta externa de medicina general, 2014

RESUMEN El ausentismo laboral genera un gran impacto económico en las empresas y a la sociedad en general. Es un problema difícil de manejar ya que es multifactorial, porque a pesar de que en su gran mayoría es generado por enfermedad general, al analizarlo se puede encontrar otros factores que conlleven a la ausencia del trabajador y con ello producir alteración al normal funcionamiento de la empresa, por lo que resulta indispensable estudiar este tema. Objetivo Caracterizar las principales causas de ausentismo laboral en los médicos generales de una IPS que presta servicios de consulta externa de medicina general a nivel nacional durante el año 2014. Materiales y Métodos: es un estudio de corte transversal sobre datos secundarios correspondientes al registro de incapacidades que presento la IPS durante el año 2014. Los criterios de inclusión fueron los médicos generales con los que contaba la IPS que presta servicios de salud a nivel nacional durante el año 2014 y los criterios de exclusión fueron las licencias de maternidad y paternidad. El tamaño de la muestra final fue de 202 médicos y el número de incapacidades que se presentó durante el año 2014 fue 313. Se realizó análisis de distribución de frecuencias, porcentaje y prevalencia de las incapacidades. Resultados: durante el año 2014 se presentaron 313 incapacidades, en una población de 202 médicos generales con prevalencia en las mujeres. El diagnóstico más frecuente de las incapacidades fue la categoría diagnostica “otros” en el cual se encuentra migraña, vértigo, alteraciones de la mama con 59 incapacidades, seguida por enfermedades gastrointestinales con 25 incapacidades. Conclusiones y recomendaciones: Las incapacidades fueron más frecuentes en mujeres que en hombres. El diagnóstico de las incapacidades más frecuente fue “enfermedad genérica o ausencia de diagnóstico”. La incapacidad más frecuente de un día que se presentaron 46 registros. El médico que mayor número de incapacidades presento fue de 18 para el año 2014. Se recomienda a la empresa tener un seguimiento de las incapacidades repetitivas, ya que estas podrían tener relación con enfermedad laboral que aún no ha sido calificada. Se recomienda complementar la base de datos con información como el antecedente de enfermedad crónica y el sedentarismo, lo que puede permitir realizar nuevos estudios respecto al riesgo cardiovascular de esta población.