Análise da expressão dos receptores HER-2 e sua correlação clínica em pacientes com neoplasia gástrica do setor de Oncologia do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU

Introduction: Gastric cancer is currently the fourth higher cancer mortality rate among men in the world and the fifth among women, despite the progressive advances in oncology. The identification of tumor receptors and the development of target-drugs to block them has contributed to increased survival and quality of life of patients, but it becomes important to know the tumor profile of the population being treated, avoiding burdening treatment with examinations and treatments that are not cost-effective. Objective: To evaluate the profile of the population with gastric cancer treated in five years at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia and verify the correlation between overexpression of HER-2 receptor with an unfavorable prognosis. Methods: 203 records with gastric cancer were selected through the system database, attending a five-year period, of which 117 paraffin blocks were available for immunohistochemical assessment of HER2 receptor. Results: 2.6% of tumors showed overexpression of HER2, considering for this study two crosses as positive. There was no statistically significant difference in correlation between expression of the HER2 receptor with age, gender, tumor grade, local involvement, Lauren classification, Borrmann classification or staging. Conclusion: For this studied population, we can conclude that there is no need to employ HER2 blockers with high cost as a target-therapy in patients with gastric cancer, since no clinical benefit probably will be obtained due to a low percentage of these patients that demonstrated superexpression of this receptor or even there is no patients with gastric cancer with superexpression of HER2 with more than three crosses of positivity in immunochemistry

Prognostic value of the diagnostic criteria distinguishing endometrial stromal sarcoma, low grade from undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma, 2 entities within the invasive endometrial stromal neoplasia family

The World Health Organization (WHO 2003) recognizes 3 endometrial stromal neoplasms: noninvasive endometrial stromal nodule and the 2 invasive neoplasms, endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), low grade and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma (UES). It is important to note that the WHO 2003 does not define moderate atypia (an important differentiating diagnostic criterion for ESS, low grade and UES), nor does it discuss its significance. Moreover, studies on reproducibility and additional prognostic value of other diagnostic features in large are lacking. Using strict definitions, we analyzed the agreement between routine and expert-review necrosis and nuclear atypia in 91 invasive endometrial stromal neoplasias (IESN). The overall 5-year and 10-year recurrence-free survival rate estimates of the 91 IESN patients were 82% and 75%, respectively. Necrosis was well reproducible, and nuclear atypia was reasonably well reproducible. The 10-year recurrence-free survival rates for necrosis absent/inconspicuous versus prominent were 89% and 45% (P<0.001) and those for review-confirmed none/mild, moderate, severe atypia were 90%, 30%, and <20% (P<0.00001). Therefore, cases with moderate/severe atypia should be grouped together. Nuclear atypia and necrosis had independent prognostic values (Cox regression). Once these features were taken into account, no other feature had an independent additional prognostic value, including mitotic count. Using "none/mild atypia, necrosis absent/inconspicuous" as ESS, low grade versus "moderate/severe atypia present or necrosis present" as UES resulted in 68 ESS, low grade and 23 UES cases with disease-specific overall mortality-free survival of 99% versus 48% (P<0.00001, hazard ratio=45.4). When strictly defined microscopic criteria are used, the WHO 2003 diagnoses of ESS, low grade and UES are well reproducible and prognostically strong. © 2012 International Society of Gynecological Pathologists.

Neoplasia papilar cística do pâncreas

Papyllary cystic tumor of the pancreas, so-called Frantz’s tumor, is rare. Clinical presentation of this disease is usually a slowly growing abdominal mass with or without abdominal pain, affecting predominantly young females. Its pathogenesis is still unknown . Surgical resection is usually curative, and prognosis is excellent. The authors report two pancreatic tumor cases(Frantz’s tumor) in women aged 26 and 31 years old. Pre operative assessment showed a solid-cystic tumor of the tail and body of the pancreas. An extended distal pancreatectomy was performed without splenic preservation

Small bowel mesentery solitary fibrous tumor. A rare neoplasia in a young male

Extrapleural Solitary Fibrous Tumors (SFT), in particular small bowel mesentery SFTs, are extremely rare neoplasms. We describe the case of a young male hospitalized for unspecific abdominal symptoms and evidence of a well-circumscribed mass arising from the small bowel mesentery. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis on the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of SFT. A Pubmed search revealed only another case of small bowel mesentery SFT, confirming the extremely rarity of this tumor.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, the old and the new: a mini review

Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes have since been classified as types 1 and 2, each with specific phenotypic patterns. MEN1 is usually associated with pituitary, parathyroid and paraneoplastic neuroendocrine tumours. The hallmark of MEN2 is a very high lifetime risk of developing medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) more than 95% in untreated patients. Three clinical subtypesdMEN2A, MEN2B, and familial MTC (FMTC) have been defined based on the risk of pheochromocytoma, hyperparathyroidism, and the presence or absence of characteristic physical features). MEN2 occurs as a result of germline activating missense mutations of the RET (REarranged during Transfection) proto-oncogene. MEN2-associated mutations are almost always located in exons 10, 11, or 13 through 16. Strong genotype-phenotype correlations exist with respect to clinical subtype, age at onset, and aggressiveness of MTC in MEN2. These are used to determine the age at which prophylactic thyroidectomy should occur and whether screening for pheochromocytoma or hyperparathyroidism is necessary. Specific RET mutations can also impact management in patients presenting with apparently sporadic MTC. Therefore, genetic testing should be performed before surgical intervention in all patients diagnosed with MTC. Recently, Pellegata et al. have reported that germline mutations in CDKN1B can predispose to the development of multiple endocrine tumours in both rats and humans and this new MEN syndrome is named MENX and MEN4, respectively. CDKN1B. A recent report showed that in sporadic MTC, CDKN1B V109G polymorphism correlates with a more favorable disease progression than the wild-type allele and might be considered a new promising prognostic marker. New insights on MEN syndrome pathogenesis and related inherited endocrine disorders are of particular interest for an adequate surgical and therapeutic approach.

Estimación de la edad gestacional utilizando medidas ecosonográficas no convencionales

De manera convencional para la estimación de la edad gestacional se utilizan las mediciones fetales: diámetro biparietal (DBP), circunferencia cefálica (CC), circunferencia abdominal (CA), longitud del fémur (LF). Estas mediciones sufren la influencia de distintos factores como los trastornos del crecimiento, el oligohidramnios, y el encajamiento de la cabeza fetal, haciéndolas no adecuadas la estimación de la edad gestacional. Si deseamos estimar la edad gestacional en estas circunstancias, debemos utilizar mediciones que no se alteren o se alteren muy poco con los trastornos del crecimiento, como el diámetro cerebeloso, la longitud del húmero, y la longitud del fémur. Debido a que los modelos que mejor reflejan el crecimiento de las mediciones ecográficas: cerebelo fetal, diámetro bi-ocular, longitud del húmero y longitud del fémur no son lineales, debemos construir los Modelos Estadísticos para estimar la edad gestacional, con Regresión no Lineal. Los Modelos de Regresión obtenidas cumplen con las metas propuestas: 1.- Valores de r en un rango de 0,9 a 0,99 2.- Coeficientes (b, c, d, n) sean distintos de 0 .- El análisis anova nos da F con valores significativos. Todos los coeficientes tienen T y P, significativos. Estas ecuaciones son útiles desde la semana 14 a la semana 40, y en las siguientes situaciones clínicas: 1.- Fetos con restricción del crecimiento 2.- Fetos en posición occipito posterior 3.- Cabeza fetal encajada

Determinación por amnioscopía de la edad gestacional, presentación, bienestar y diagnóstico fetales complementarios. Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca. Ecuador. 1991

Se estudio a un grupo de 150 mujeres gestantes sobre la semana 36 en la primera fase del trabajo de parto, (período de dilatación) y otro grupo de 50 mujeres que presentaron iguales características que las anotadas pero con patología agregada al embarazo, como son enfermedad hipertensiva inducida por la gestación, diabetes, isoinmunización al sistema Rh, postérmino, ingresadas en el departamento de obstetricia del H. Vicente Corral Moscoso en el período comprendido el 1 de abril al 30 de agosto de 1991. Para la conformación de la muestra se consideraron los siguients criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se realiza la amnioscopía en pacientes en labor de parto y que no tenían ninguna complicación (riesgo bajo) y en 50 pacientes que presentaron complicaciones (riesgo alto)

Neoplasia papilar cística do pâncreas

Papyllary cystic tumor of the pancreas, so-called Frantz’s tumor, is rare. Clinical presentation of this disease is usually a slowly growing abdominal mass with or without abdominal pain, affecting predominantly young females. Its pathogenesis is still unknown . Surgical resection is usually curative, and prognosis is excellent. The authors report two pancreatic tumor cases(Frantz’s tumor) in women aged 26 and 31 years old. Pre operative assessment showed a solid-cystic tumor of the tail and body of the pancreas. An extended distal pancreatectomy was performed without splenic preservation

La diabetes gestacional : Diabetes durante el embarazo

This brochure, printed in Spanish, describes gestational diabetes, how to know if you are at risk and what you can do to prevent it.

Study of rainbow trout neoplasia in the region of Haraz

This study was carried out in order to determine neoplasia presence in rainbow trout in Haraz area. Neoplasia in various species of fishes including freshwater, brackish water and marine fishes was reported in other countries. But up to now there is no documented report of rainbow trout neoplasia in Iran. The study was performed in 20 farms of Haraz area during 2004-2005. All fishes of each farm firstly were observed in order to any abnormal mass which is suspicious to neoplasia. Besides in order to observation of external and internal organs, 20 fishes was sampled randomly from each farm and were examined clinically and necroptically. Any suspicious lesions were sent to pathology laboratory in 10% formalin followed by taking pictures of the lesions. Then histopathological evaluations were performed. From 400 fishes, 3 neoplastic cases including hepatocellular carcinoma along with bile duct papilloma, hepatocellular carcinoma and bile duct adenocarcinoma and intestine adenocarcinoma were found which all were in brooder fish.

Perfil epidemiológico, evolución clínica y complicaciones en pacientes con enfermedad gestacional del trofoblasto en Hospital Nacional Especializado de Maternidad. Enero - Diciembre 2013

La enfermedad gestacional del trofoblasto está constituida por un grupo de alteraciones de la gestación, benignas y malignas, caracterizadas por la proliferación en grados variables de las células sincitiales y de Langhans del trofoblasto, por la degeneración hidrópica de las vellosidades coriales y por la producción de fracción β de la hormona gonadotrofina coriónica (β-hGC), con o sin embrión o feto. El objetivo de la presente investigación era identificar los factores de riego asociadas al aparecimiento de la enfermedad gestacional del trofoblasto en pacientes ingresadas en el Hospital Nacional de Maternidad. El estudio realizado fue de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal, en el periodo comprendido de enero a diciembre de 2013, tomando como universo y muestra 110 pacientes que consultaron por primera vez, diagnosticadas como enfermedad gestacional de trofoblasto.