Deaths rates in public hospitals of eastern cape province of South Africa.

BACKGROUND: South Africa (SA) is experiencing a rapid epidemiologic transition as a consequence of political, economic and social changes. In this study we described, based on hospital data, the mortality patterns of Non communicable Diseases (NCD), Communicable Diseases (CD), the NCD/CD ratios, and the trends of deaths. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all deaths occurring in several public hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province of SA between 2002 and 2006. Causes of deaths were coded according to the ICD 10 Edition. RESULTS: A total of 107380 admissions responded to the inclusion criteria between 2002 and 2006. The crude death rate was 4.3% (n=4566) with a mean age of 46±21 years and a sex ratio of 3.1 men (n=3453): 1 woman (n=1113). Out of all deaths, there were 62.9% NCD (n=2872) vs. 37.1% CD (n=1694) with NCD/CD ratio of 1.7. The ratio NCD/CD deaths in men was 1.3 (n=1951/1502) vs. NCD/CD deaths in women of 1.9 (n=735/378). The peak of deaths was observed in winter season. The majority of NCD deaths were at age of 30-64 years, whereas the highest rate of CD deaths was at age< 30 years. The trend of deaths including the majority of NCD, increased from 2002 to 2006. There was a tendency of increase in tuberculosis deaths, but a tendency of decrease in HIV/AIDS deaths was from 2002 to 2006. CONCLUSION: Non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of deaths in rural Eastern Cape province of SA facing Post-epidemiologic transition stages. We recommend overarching priority actions for the response to the Non-communicable Diseases: policy change, prevention, treatment, international cooperation, research, monitoring, accountability, and re-orientation of health systems.

Irradiação gama para mutagênese in vitro em bananeira 'Terra Maranhão'

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sobrevivência de plantas e brotos bem como a redução no porte de bananeira da cultivar Terra Maranhão sob doses crescentes de radiação gama. Plantas in vitro foram irradiadas com diferentes doses de raios gama - 0, 20, 30, 40 e 60 kGy - e posteriormente avaliadas quanto à taxa de multiplicação. As doses de 20 e 30 kGy foram as mais indicadas para uso na cultivar Terra Maranhão, pois essas intensidades de irradiação proporcionaram os maiores valores do número de brotos e do índice de sobrevivência.

[Archives de la Parole]. , Canto de Boda : Chant de mariage [de la région de] Segovia / Marazuela, voix solo ; [Almirez], accompagnement de dulzaine [i.e. dulzaina] et de tamboril. Fandango Castillano : fandango de las chanclas de pabo / Marazuela, voix solo ; accompagnement de percussions. Villancicos : [chant des] fêtes de la Noël, province d'Avila / Marazuela, voix solo ; accompagnement de zambomba

Langue espagnole

Discours prononcés à l'ouverture des Etats généraux de la province de Languedoc, convoqués par mandement de S. M. en la ville de Pézenas, le 6 décembre 1663

[Acte. 1663-12-06]

Doutes sur la langue francoise : proposez à Messieurs de l'Académie françoise par un gentilhomme de province ([Reprod.])

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 53

Abacaxi 'Turiaçu': cultivar tradicional nativa do Maranhão

Objetivou-se caracterizar a biometria da planta e analisar física e quimicamente frutos de abacaxi da cultivar Turiaçu e proceder à análise comparativa com outras cultivares tradicionais e melhoradas. Trata-se de uma seleção nativa da Amazônia Maranhense que apresenta importância socioeconômica no Estado do Maranhão. As plantas e frutos foram avaliados no período de 2007 a 2009, em um experimento de campo, no espaçamento de 1,0 x 0,40 m, para o qual se utilizaram mudas tipo filhote com 35 a 40 cm de comprimento. Os dados foram analisados por técnicas da estatística descritiva, obtendo-se a média de cada caráter e os coeficientes de correlação linear simples entre nove caracteres priorizados. Os resultados indicam que o peso médio do fruto de 1.620 g, coroa média, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais de 16,1 ºBrix e a coloração amarela da polpa configuram um produto que atende às exigências comerciais. O teor de acidez é baixo, requerendo ajuste no ponto de colheita para aproveitamento industrial. A elevada produção de filhotes por planta assegura a renovação das áreas de cultivo.

The El Masnou Infralittoral sedimentary environment (Barcelona province, NW Mediterranean Sea): morphology and Holocene seismic stratigraphy

A detailed analysis of the morphology and the Holocene seismic and sequence stratigraphy and architecture of the infralittoral sedimentary environment of the El Masnou coast (Catalonia, NW Mediterranean Sea) was carried out using multibeam bathymetry and GeoPulse seismic data. This environment extends down to 26-30 m water depth, and is defined morphologically by two depositional wedges whose seafloor is affected by erosive furrows, slides, fields of large- and small-scale wavy bedforms, and dredging trenches and pits. Erosive terraces are also identified in the transition domain toward the inner continental shelf. The Holocene stratigraphy of the infralittoral environment is defined by two major seismic sequences (lower and upper), each one formed by internal seismic units. The sequences and units are characterised by downlapping surfaces made up of deposits formed by progradation of coastal lithosomes. The stratigraphy and stratal architecture, displaying a retrogradational arrangement with progradational patterns of minor order, were controlled by different sea-level positions. The stratigraphic division represents the coastal response to the last fourth-order transgressive and highstand conditions, modulated by small-scale sea-level oscillations (≈1-2 m) of fith to sixth order. This study also highlights the advantage of an integrated analysis using acoustic/seismic methods for practical assessment of the anthropogenic effects on infralittoral domains based on the association of marine geological observations.

Plant uses in different bronze and iron age settlements from the Nuoro province (Sardinia). The results of phytolith analyses from several ceramic fragments and grinding stones.

Ceramic vessels and milling stones are important components of the archaeological record in several Nuraghi from the Pranemuru Plateau (Sardinia). To obtain information on the possible uses of the milling stones and the content vessels is of great interest to understand the economical activities carried out in these sites by these populations. One of the approaches to obtain information on the plant uses was the phytolith analyses of the sediment adhered both to the surface of the milling stones and to the surface of the vessel content. In total we analyzed eleven archaeological samples and two control samples collected from five different Nuraghi in the Pranemuru Plateau (Nuoro Province, Sardinia). The Nuraghi were located in an area of 10 km radius from nuraghe Arrubiu and were chronologically ascribed to the Bronze Age and one site -Pranu Illixi- to the Iron Age.