Els àngels de la "New Age" : la literatura didàctica i les cartes oracle que tracten d'ensenyar a comunicar-se amb els àngels

Una mirada des dels Estudis Culturals sobre la literatura didàctica i les cartes oracle que tracten d'ensenyar a comunicar-se amb els àngels. Són productes relativament nous en el mercat, comercialitzats per les indústries culturals i generats en el sector dels nous moviments religiosos conegut com New Age.

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In the case of such a very special building project, the crucial stake for sustainable development is the fact that space systems are extreme cases of environmental constraints. In- deed, they constitute an interesting model as an analogy can be made between Martian utmost conditions and some of the possible extreme one's that Earth might soon face. The didactic ob- jective of the project is to use the context of a building on Mars to teach an approach which raises the students awareness to design and plan all steps of a building in a sustainable way, i.e. build, with the available resources, living spaces that satisfy human needs and leave as intact as possible the external environment. The paper presents the approach and the feedback of this student project, more specifically ENAC Learning Unit", which involved 17 students from envi- ronmental, civil engineering and architecture sections from EPFL. All the same, it involved pro- fessors from all three domains, as well as aerospace and Mars specialists, which gave seminars during the course of the semester. The students were separated in groups, and the project con- sisted of two phases: 1) analysis of the context and resources, 2) project design and critic. Both organisational, technical and pedagogical aspects of the experience are presented. The outcome was very positive, with students experiencing for their first time multidisciplinary work and the iterative process of design under multiple constraints.

Cloughmills Incredible Edibles Project

Cloughmills Incredible Edibles Project aims to reconnect people with each other, their community and the natural world by developing a sustainable, fair and healthy food system in Cloughmills. They aim to teach people where food comes from, appreciate seasonal diversity and environmental impacts of food, be confident in cooking and celebrate the role of food in our lives. They will improve diet related health, reduce impacts of food poverty, make their community more resilient, increase choices available to and skills within their community, maximise the impacts of every pound spent locally and develop a shared food vision.   Food growing skills, communal and domestic using containers and permaculture/organic techniques; Foodscape the community – grow food in public spaces; Recruit ‘Fruit and Veg’ champions to support growing at home; ‘Share the Surplus’ – encourage and connect people with surplus produce to share. Cookery classes for all ages; Shared learning events on food skills & techniques; ‘Bake Your Lawn’ in schools – growing, harvesting, milling and baking breads; Develop mushroom growing project as a social enterprise for young people; Teaching lost skills related to food; Host pizza & movie nights where all ages make their own pizzas; promote a lovefoodhatewaste campaign with community and businesses. Totally Local campaign promoting local/seasonal produce; mystery market stall every month showcasing local produce, cooking tips; facilitate development of more food businesses; establish food hub. Part of theCFI Programme 2013-2015 Initiative Type Community Food Growing Projects Nutrition Education and Training Programmes Location Antrim Partner Agencies safefood

TwHistory : Sharing History Using Twitter

In light of the fact that several studies indicate that students can benefit from deeper understandings of the processes by which historical accounts are constructed, history educators have increasingly been focused on finding ways to teach students how to read and reason about events in the same manner as professional historians (Wineburg, 2001; Spoehr & Spoehr, 1994; Hynd, Holschuh, & Hubbard, 2004; Wiley & Voss, 1996). One possible resource for supporting this development may come out of emerging web-based technologies. New technologies and increased access to historical records and artifacts posted the Internet may be precisely the tools that can help students (Bass, Rosenzweig, & Mason, 1999). Given the right context, we believe it is possible to combine such resources and tools to create an environment for students that could strengthen their abilities to read and reason about historical events. Moreover, we believe that social media, specifically, microblogging (Nardi, Schiano, Gumbrecht, & Swartz, 2004) could play a key role.

Learning about Distributed Systems

This paper presents the "state of the art" about distributed systems and applications and it's focused on teaching about these systems. It presents different platforms where to run distributed applications and describes some development toolkits whose can be used to develop prototypes, practices and distributed applications. It also presents some existing distributed algorithms useful for class practices, and some tools to help managing distributed environments. Finally, the paper presents some teaching experiences with different approaches on how to teach about distributed systems.

Diseño, implementación y evaluación de un juego educativo basado en puzles con scaffolding orientado a la programación

Existe una falta de interés por parte de los estudiantes en el área de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) que se ve reflejada en el descenso de las matriculaciones en este ámbito. El uso de metodologías de aprendizaje basadas en el Constructivismo combinadas con tecnología software, se ha observado que es una buena solución para afrontar dicha falta de interés. Sin embargo, actualmente no existen aplicaciones software que implementen estas metodologías pedagógicas y que proporcionen a los estudiantes los mecanismos de ayuda necesarios (Scaffolding) para darles soporte durante el aprendizaje de conceptos TIC. Una posible solución a este problema es el uso de juegos educativos, los cuáles implementarán técnicas de Scaffolding que den el soporte necesario al estudiante para alcanzarlos objetivos de aprendizaje fijados. Por tanto, en este proyecto se diseñará e implementará un juego educativo basado en puzles orientado a la Programación que estará basado en un método aprendizaje basado en el Constructivismo en el que el estudiante construye su propio conocimiento. Una vez implementado, será evaluado en un centro escolar por parte deestudiantes de últimos cursos de ESO o Bachillerato.

Understanding the Use of the Students’ Common Language (Creole/Portuguese) in the 7th Grade Capeverdean English Classroom

This thesis is a pedagogical and methodological work related to the Teacher’s use of the students’ common language in 7th grade (beginners-level 1) Capeverdean English classroom. It discusses the importance of a limited and judicious use of the students’ common language (Creole/Portuguese) as a teaching technique to assist in the teaching and learning process. This thesis contains four chapters. The first chapter defines and shows the difference between mother tongue, second language and foreign language, talks about the methods and approaches (classroom procedures) to teach English as a foreign language, the different opinions about the teacher’s use of the students’ first language in the EFL classroom, and presents two studies already conducted on the use of the students’ mother tongue in the English classroom in two different EFL context. The second Chapter describes the methodology of research to conduct a study on the use of the students’ common language (Creole/Portuguese) in the EFL Capeverdean context with 7th grade students. The third chapter is the presentation of the Results and Analyses of the field research. And finally the fourth chapter is the recommendations and conclusions.

Flooded rice yield as affected by levels of water salinity in different stages of its cycle

Losses of productivity of flooded rice in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, may occur in the Coastal Plains and in the Southern region due to the use of saline water from coastal rivers, ponds and the Laguna dos Patos lagoon, and the sensibility of the plants are variable according to its stage of development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the production of rice grains and its components, spikelet sterility and the phenological development of rice at different levels of salinity in different periods of its cycle. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in pots filled with 11 dm³ of an Albaqualf. The levels of salinity were 0.3 (control), 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m-1 kept in the water layer by adding a salt solution of sodium chloride, except for the control, in different periods of rice development: tillering initiation to panicle initiation; tillering initiation to full flowering; tillering initiation to physiological maturity; panicle initiation to full flowering; panicle initiation to physiological maturity and full flowering to physiological maturity. The number of panicles per pot, the number of spikelets per panicle, the 1,000-kernel weight, the spikelet sterility, the grain yield and phenology were evaluated. All characteristics were negatively affected, in a quadratic manner, with increased salinity in all periods of rice development. Among the yield components evaluated, the one most closely related to grain yields of rice was the spikelet sterility.

Teaching evidence-based management with a focus on producing local evidence

We present an approach to teaching evidence-based management (EBMgt) that trains future managers how to produce local evidence. Local evidence is causally interpretable data, collected on-site in companies to address a specific business problem. Our teaching method is a variant of problem-based learning, a method originally developed to teach evidence-based medicine. Following this method, students learn an evidence-based problem-solving cycle for addressing actual business cases. Executing this cycle, students use and produce scientific evidence through literature searches and the design of local, experimental tests of causal hypotheses. We argue the value of teaching EBMgt with a focus on producing local evidence, how it can be taught, and what can be taught. We conclude by outlining our contribution to the literature on teaching EBMgt and by discussing limitations of our approach.

Interpretaciones de la atenuación en artículos de revisión de Odontología

Este trabajo analiza cómo interpretan la atenuación 25 estudiantes universitarios venezolanos de Odontología, de nuevo ingreso, al responder a dos cuestionarios luego de leer un artículo de revisión. En el primero, con preguntas abiertas, debían interpretar algunas expresiones atenuadas preseleccionadas; en el segundo, debían elegir entre varias interpretaciones cerradas de los mismos fragmentos. Clasificamos sus respuestas en las siguientes categorías: reconocimiento, supresión y aumento de la atenuación, en el primer cuestionario; identificación de aproximadores, escudos, deícticos y construcciones impersonales, en el segundo. En los resultados predomina la identificación de atenuadores asociados a la dimensión semántica: el 30% reconoció la atenuación tal como fue usada en el original, el 30% aumentó su valor y el 40% no la logró identificar. Los estudiantes identificaron con mayor frecuencia los aproximadores, a diferencia de los escudos, las construcciones impersonales y los deícticos temporales. Estos resultados sugieren que es necesario formar a losestudiantes en el uso especializado de las dimensiones pragmática y sociocognitiva de la atenuación, en cursos de lectura y escritura académica. Solo este conocimiento específico permitirá que los estudiantes dominen el discurso científico prototípico de la Odontología.

Acolliment lingüístic en dones nouvingudes

La immigració és una característica de la societat actual, moltes persones marxen del seu país amb l’objectiu de millorar la seva qualitat de vida. Els governs han desenvolupat accions per facilitar la inserció de la persona en el país d’acollida. Un fet que facilita la inserció és la llengua, aquesta és la clau per poder participar en el nou context. A més fomenta la cohesió perquè és l’instrument de relació amb altres persones. Per aquesta raó una de les accions del govern de Catalunya és l’acolliment lingüístic. La immigració és un tema molt ampli, la investigació es centrarà en les dones immigrants analitzant una entitat civil de Vic que ofereix acolliment lingüístic en dones.

La lectura compartida: una eina per l'aprenentatge de la lecto-escriptura en equips cooperatius

L’estudi de cas que es presenta l’hem realitzat a Cicle inicial (CI) de l’escola els Castanyers de Viladrau. Hem portat a terme un projecte per tal d’estudiar la lectura compartida tot utilitzant equips cooperatius (Pujolàs, 2008). Els objectius d’aquest treball són: en primer lloc, ensenyar els alumnes a aprendre de manera cooperativa, és a dir, saber treballar conjuntament, tenir respecte mutu, escoltar als companys, proporcionar ajudes a la resta de l’equip i respectar els punts de vista dels altres, i, en segon lloc, millorar la comprensió dels texts; millorar la lectura i l’escriptura, saber realitzar les tasques i rols, saber seleccionar informació, aprendre a realitzar preguntes. Per portar-lo a terme vam realitzar set sessions en les qual la lectura compartida i els equips cooperatius eren les bases de totes elles. El conjunts de les activitats ens ha permès evidenciar una cohesió del grup-classe més elevada que abans de realitzar-les, així com una lleugera millora en els aspectes relacionats amb la comprensió lectora.

Anàlisi d'una experiència basada en el mètode de la recerca del medi i amb el suport de les TIC

Avui en dia les Tecnologies de la Informació i la Comunicació (TIC) s’han convertit en eines d’ús quotidià i alhora invisibles en diversos àmbits de la societat i les escoles no n’estan al marge. No cal ensenyar a fer servir eines tecnològiques, sinó que cal entendre-les com un suport. Recerques recents han demostrat que un bon ús d’aquestes potencien un bon ensenyament i aprenentatge. Al mateix temps, es potencien mètodes globalitzats a les aules que permeten construir coneixements significatius a partir de situacions i problemes. Per això, l’objectiu principal d’aquest estudi consisteix en investigar quins canvis s’observen en la motivació de l’alumnat i quins canvis succeeixen a l’aula en general quan s’usen les TIC com a suport en un mètode globalitzat anomenat la recerca del medi. Per tal de resoldre aquest problema d’investigació es recullen diverses dades d’una intervenció didàctica basada en aquest mètode que es porta a terme en dos cursos de cinquè de Primària. Tal com s’observarà, l’ús de les noves tecnologies en un mètode que permet apropar els infants a la realitat n’augmenta la motivació i promou canvis a l’aula que ajuden i faciliten la tasca del docent i alhora afavoreix un aprenentatge significatiu.

The effect of combined antiretroviral therapy on the overall mortality of HIV-infected individuals.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on mortality among HIV-infected individuals after appropriate adjustment for time-varying confounding by indication. DESIGN: A collaboration of 12 prospective cohort studies from Europe and the United States (the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration) that includes 62 760 HIV-infected, therapy-naive individuals followed for an average of 3.3 years. Inverse probability weighting of marginal structural models was used to adjust for measured confounding by indication. RESULTS: Two thousand and thirty-nine individuals died during the follow-up. The mortality hazard ratio was 0.48 (95% confidence interval 0.41-0.57) for cART initiation versus no initiation. In analyses stratified by CD4 cell count at baseline, the corresponding hazard ratios were 0.29 (0.22-0.37) for less than 100 cells/microl, 0.33 (0.25-0.44) for 100 to less than 200 cells/microl, 0.38 (0.28-0.52) for 200 to less than 350 cells/microl, 0.55 (0.41-0.74) for 350 to less than 500 cells/microl, and 0.77 (0.58-1.01) for 500 cells/microl or more. The estimated hazard ratio varied with years since initiation of cART from 0.57 (0.49-0.67) for less than 1 year since initiation to 0.21 (0.14-0.31) for 5 years or more (P value for trend <0.001). CONCLUSION: We estimated that cART halved the average mortality rate in HIV-infected individuals. The mortality reduction was greater in those with worse prognosis at the start of follow-up.

What is the Omega-Loop Gastric Bypass and Why is it Criticized?

The omega-loop gastric bypass (OLGBP), also called "mini-gastric bypass" or "single-anastomosis" gastric bypass is a form of gastric bypass where a long, narrow gastric pouch is created and anastomosed to the jejunum about 200- 250 cm from the angle of Treitz in an omega loop fashion, thereby avoiding a jejuno-jejunostomy.Proponents of the OLGBP claim that it is a safer and simpler operation than the traditional Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP), easier to teach, that gives the same results in terms of weight loss than the RYGBP. One randomized study comparing the two techniques showed similar results after five years.The OLGBP is criticized because it creates an anastomosis between the gastric pouch and the jejunum where a large amount of biliopancreatic juices travel, thereby creating a situation where reflux of the latter into the stomach and distal esophagus is likely to develop. Such a situation has clearly been associated, in several animal studies, with an increased incidence of gastric cancer, especially at or close to the gastro-jejunostomy, and with an increased risk of lower esophageal cancer. In clinical practice, omega-loop gastrojejunostomies such as those used for reconstruction after gastric resection for benign disease or distal gastric cancer have been associated with the so called classical anastomotic cancer, linked to biliary reflux into the stomach, despite the fact that epidemiological studies about this do not show uniform results. Although no evidence at the present time links OLGBP to an increased risk of gastric cancer in the human, this possibility raises a concern among many bariatric surgeons, especially in the view that bariatric surgery is performed in relatively young patients with a long life expectancy, hence prone to develop cancer if indeed the risk is increased. Another arguments used against the OLGBP is that the jejuno-jejunostomy in the traditional RYGBP is easy to perform and associated with virtually no complication.Supporters of the OLGBP claim that the liquid that refluxes into the stomach after their procedure is not pure bile and pancreatic juice, but a combination of those with jejunal secretions, and that the latter is not as harmful. We would urge the proponents of the OLGBP to undertake the necessary animal studies to show that their assumption is indeed true before the procedure is performed widely, possibly leading to the development of hundreds of late gastric or esophageal carcinoma in the bariatric population. In the meantime, we strongly believe that RYGBP should remain the gold standard in gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity.