Daidzin suppresses ethanol consumption by Syrian golden hamsters without blocking acetaldehyde metabolism.

Daidzin is a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) that suppresses free-choice ethanol intake by Syrian golden hamsters. Other ALDH inhibitors, such as disulfiram (Antabuse) and calcium citrate carbimide (Temposil), have also been shown to suppress ethanol intake of laboratory animals and are thought to act by inhibiting the metabolism of acetaldehyde produced from ingested ethanol. To determine whether or not daidzin inhibits acetaldehyde metabolism in vivo, plasma acetaldehyde in daidzin-treated hamsters was measured after the administration of a test dose of ethanol. Daidzin treatment (150 mg/kg per day i.p. for 6 days) significantly suppresses (> 70%) hamster ethanol intake but does not affect overall acetaldehyde metabolism. In contrast, after administration of the same ethanol dose, plasma acetaldehyde concentration in disulfiram-treated hamsters reaches 0.9 mM, 70 times higher than that of the control. In vitro, daidzin suppresses hamster liver mitochondria-catalyzed acetaldehyde oxidation very potently with an IC50 value of 0.4 microM, which is substantially lower than the daidzin concentration (70 microM) found in the liver mitochondria of daidzin-treated hamsters. These results indicate that (i) the action of daidzin differs from that proposed for the classic, broad-acting ALDH inhibitors (e.g., disulfiram), and (ii) the daidzin-sensitive mitochondrial ALDH is not the one and only enzyme that is essential for acetaldehyde metabolism in golden hamsters.

Estudo morfológico do Sistema Nervoso Central de cães com Distrofia Muscular do Golden Retriever (GRMD)

Distrofia muscular de Duchenne é uma desordem neuromuscular causada pela mutação ou deleção do gene da distrofina, a qual é ligada ao cromossomo X. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado o importante papel da distrofina no SNC, sendo sua deficiência relacionada com uma variedade de anormalidades na função do SNC, como comportamento e disfunção cognitiva. Os modelos animais mais adequados para esses estudos são os que apresentam o quadro clinico mais semelhante ao da DMD encontrada em humanos, como cães Golden Retriever com distrofia muscular (GRMD). Por não haver ainda estudos a respeito do SNC de animais GRMD, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a morfologia do encéfalo dos GRMD e o de animais não distróficos, através de análise macroscópica, utilizando métodos de medição e registro fotográfico, e análise microscópica, utilizando a técnica de coloração de violeta cresil modificada. Entretanto, usando a metodologia proposta, não foi possível verificar diferenças significativas no encéfalo quando comparados os animais distróficos e os não distróficos, o que está em concordância com a literatura para a DMD usando os mesmos parâmetros. Em tempo, existe uma variação individual na morfologia do encéfalo do cão, independente de serem animais do grupo de distróficos ou controles. Outras técnicas devem ser aplicadas a fim de elucidar as consequências da ausência total ou parcial da distrofina no SNC

Catalogue of type specimens of trilobites in Field Museum of Natural History / [by] Matthew H. Nitecki -- and Julia Golden --.

v.22(1970)

Catalogue of type and referred specimens of Crinozoa (Blastoidea) in Field Museum of Natural History / [by] Julia Golden -- and Matthew H. Nitecki --.

v.23:no.4(1971)

Catalogue of type and referred specimens of Crinozoa (Cystoidea) in Field Museum of Natural History / Julia Golden -- and Matthew H. Nitecki --.

v.23:no.6(1974)

Brewster's warbler (Helminthophila leucobronchialis) : A hybrid between the golden-winged warbler (Helminthophila chrysoptera) and the blue-winged warbler (Helminthophila pinus) / by Walter Faxon.

v.40:no.6 (1913)

How EU Fiscal Norms Will Become a Safety Net for the Failure of National Golden Rules. European Policy Brief No. 6, January 2012

If introduced successfully, national Golden Rules will completely overturn fiscal governance in the eurozone. Golden Rules would almost always be more stringent than EU-level fiscal norms. EU fiscal norms will hence evolve into a safety net in case a Golden Rule fails. The possibility of such a failure is, indeed, not to be dismissed. Because of the severity of the Golden Rules, eurozone leaders should reflect on their design. There is a real risk that they will undercut public investment, which would be at the cost of the EU’s other long-term challenges.

Golden proportion: do divino à medicina dentária

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz

Shakspeare and his friends ; or, The golden age of merrie England /

No. 1 in a volume lettered: Shakspeare novels.

Jaguar and the golden stag, a novel.

Vol. 1 of the author's trilogy, the 2d of which is Coil of the serpent, and the 3d, Valley of eagles.

The tarnished golden door : civil rights issues in immigration.

Item 288-A.

The German war lord and the British lion /

Mode of access: Internet.

Energy conservation in Colorado : proceedings, Golden, Colorado, September 17, 1975 /

Cover title

Golden Gate bridge, California tolls on government traffic : hearings ... 78th Congress, 1st session on H.R. 877, a bill to authorize the charging of tolls for the passage or transit of government traffic over the Golden Gate bridge.

Hearing held March 9, 1943.