Outdoor family portrait after the memorial services for Therese Godshaw nee Molling at Hal Godshaws house; Argonne Drive, Kenmore, New York.

Front row from left to right: Robert Godshaw, Wendy Godshaw, Rosel Pick (Anne Godshaw's mother), Debbie Godshaw born Mariner, Hal Godshaaw, Francis Schlosstein; 2nd row from left to right: David Dysert, Mickey Sloan born McMath, Edith Godshaw nee Osterer, baby (probably Gary Godshaw), Anne Godshaw born Pick, Julius Pick (Anne's father), Ursula Schlosstein born Gottschalk, Elizabeth Krakauer nee Gottschalk, Michael Godshaw; back row from left to right: Charlie Sloan, Gerald Godshaw (partially hidden), unknown, Kurt Godshaw, John Krakauer, Donald Godshaw, Tom Krakauer, Ralph Schlosstein, John Schlosstein.

Exterior view of store J. Meyerhof am Platze; Hildesheim, Germany.

The photograph was taken in the late 19th century or early 20th century before the streetcar tracks were laid and a third floor added to the store. Members of the Meyerhof family lived in the 3rd floor apartment. Note the faces of the seamstresses on the second floor who were producing sheets, etc.

Portrait of Franz Catzenstein with his uncle Ernst Gottschalk.

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Exterior view of store J. Meyerhof am Platze; Hildesheim, Germany.

The photograph was taken in the late 19th century or early 20th century before the streetcar tracks were laid and a third floor added to the store. Members of the Meyerhof family lived in the 3rd floor apartment. Note the faces of the seamstresses on the second floor who were producing sheets, etc.

Tombstone of the Benno Molling family in the Jewish cemetery An der Strangriede; Hannover, Germany. Cemeteries; Tombs

This family grave is next to the tombstone of Adolf Molling and his wife Henriette (Henny) nee Meyerhof

Adolpf Molling, Janet Krakauer nee McColl, Hymie Joachim and Thomas Krakauer (l-r); Weggis, Switzerland Portraits Groups

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Family and guests at Aenny Catzenstein nee Gottschalk's 80th birthday; London.

Front row l-r: Beatrice Durand, Francine Durand and Aenny Catzenstein, the boys are Ara-Serge Donabedian and Patrick Matthiesen and the adults are Susan Prior, Francis Matthiesen, Maren Matthiesen, Nino Fabri and Olga Matthiesen,

Portrait of (l-r) unidentified man, Thomas Mann, Singer (painter), Lion Feuchtwanger and unidentified man Portraits Groups Men

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Portrait of Ernst Gottschalk with his wife Louise "Isa" nee Rosenthal; Welwyn Garden City, England.

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Tombstone of the Benno Molling family on the Jewish cemetery; An der Strangriede, Hannover, Germany. Cemeteries Tombs

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Family and guests at Aenny Catzenstein nee Gottschalk's 80th birthday; London.

Front row l-r: Francine Durand, Beatrice Durand and Aenny Catzenstein, the boys are Ara-Serge Donabedian and Patrick Matthiesen and the adults are Susan Prior, Francis Matthiesen, Maren Matthiesen, Nino Fabri and Olga Matthiesen,

Wedding portrait of Freddy Gottschalk and Barbara Joan Doble with guests; Welwyn Garden City, England.

Portrait includes a number of family members who were able to get to England before the war and who chose to remain there.

Louisa (Isa) Gottschalk nee Rosenthal.

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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10−8). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.

Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology

Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10−8), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ~2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.