997 resultados para Folhas de Ouro-198


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The trial was carried to evaluate the nutritional effects of mulberry leaf hay in broiler chickens. Five treatments were used: control (no mulberry, 3.16% CF); 15% mulberry (4.14% CF); 30% mulberry (5.09% CF), no mulberry (4.14% CF); no mulberry (5.09% CF). A randomized blocks design was used, with two blocks and three replications into the blocks to evaluate performance index, histopathological examination of the visceral organs and morphometric measurements of the hepatocyte nucleus and pancreatic acini. A poor performance index was observed for broilers feeding on mulberry leaves; lesions such as steatosis, proliferation of hepatic duct cells and multiple necrosis were found in the livers of the chickens fed with 30% mulberry (5.09% CF), as well as size reduction of the hepatocyte nucleus and pancreatic acini. From these data, it is concluded that mulberry probably has some toxic substance which can interfere in the improvement of diet ingredients, resulting in damage to broiler chickens.

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Pós-graduação em Matemática em Rede Nacional - IBILCE

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The food industry is continually growing with new products becoming available every year. Extrusion combines a number of unit operations in one energy efficient rapid continuous process and can be used to produce a wide variety of snacks foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of extrusion temperature, screw speed, and amount of cassava leaf flour mixed with cassava starch on the physical properties of extruded snacks processed using a single screw extruder. A central composite rotational design, including three factors with 20 treatments, was used in the experimental design. Dependent variables included the expansion index, specific volume, color, water absorption index, and water solubility index. Among the parameters examined, the amount of cassava leaf flour and extrusion temperature showed significant effects on extruded snack characteristics. Mixtures containing 10% of cassava leaf flour extruded at 100 degrees C and 255 rpm shows favorable levels of expansion, color, water absorption index, and water solubility index.

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This work aimed to evaluate the repellent and deterrent effect of the application of concentrations of neem and chinaberry oil on bean leaves on the leaf beetles Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) and Cerotoma arcuata (Olivier). The concentrations of neem oil tested were 0.625, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00 and 20,00 mL, corresponding respectively to 1, 2, 4, 8, 17 and 33 ppm of azadirachtin A and the concentrations of chinaberry oil used were the same used to neem oil, corresponding, however, to 1.875, 3.75, 7.50, 15.00, 30.00 and 60.00 mg mL(-1) of chinaberry extract, respectively. For the free-choice tests, glass containers were used as arenas, whereas for the no-choice tests Petri dishes were used, where in both one insect per treatment was released in the center. Attractiveness was evaluated in predetermined time periods, in addition to the leaf consumption, at the end of the experiment. Neem oil is repellent to D. speciosa and C. arcuata, with more efficient results at the 5.00, 10.00 and 20.00 mL concentrations. All concentrations of neem oil reduce leaf consumption of both insects, except in the no-choice test with D. speciosa, in which only the 10.00 and 20.00 mL concentrations are deterrent. Chinaberry oil provides high repellent activity on both leaf beetle species, and the 10.00 and 20.00 mL concentrations stood out. The 10.00 and 20.00 mL concentrations of chinaberry oil are deterrent to D. speciosa and C. arcuata.

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Casearia sylvestris Swartz (Salicaceae), conhecida como guaçatonga, é uma espécie vegetal distribuída amplamente pela América do Sul, ocorrendo em 22 estados brasileiros. Na medicina popular é utilizada no tratamento de picadas de cobra, úlceras gástricas, como cicatrizante, anti-inflamatório e antisséptico tópico. Extratos de suas folhas demonstraram atividade antiulcerogênica, anti-inflamatória e citotóxica em células tumorais, dentre outras. Diversos metabólitos secundários foram isolados e/ou identificados principalmente de suas folhas, incluindo monoterpenos, sesquiterpenos, diterpenos, compostos fenólicos, etc. Apesar do extenso conhecimento sobre ações farmacológicas e sobre a fitoquímica das folhas, há apenas um trabalho publicado sobre metabólitos secundários de suas flores. Portanto, foi proposto neste trabalho realizar análises cromatográficas e espectrométricas de extratos de folhas e flores de C. sylvestris Swartz com o objetivo de comparar os perfis químicos destes órgãos com ênfase em terpenos. Os extratos produzidos com diferentes solventes (hexano: acetato de etila: isopropanol; hexano e etanol 70 %) de folhas e flores foram obtidos por sonicação com rendimentos variando entre 0,03 e 23,39% (m/m), sendo os maiores rendimentos obtidos com etanol 70 %. Os óleos essenciais de folhas e flores foram obtidos por extração por arraste a vapor d`água e foram analisados por cromatografia em fase gasosa e o componente majoritário apresentado foi o biciclogermacreno, tanto em folhas como em flores; o óleo essencial de flores demonstrou ser mais complexo. Os extratos foram analisados por cromatografia em camada delgada e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector de arranjo de diodos. Os dados de cromatografia em camada delgada sugerem um perfil químico praticamente idêntico para folhas e flores, o que não foi confirmado pelas análises por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência que ...

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As Eriocaulaceae brasileiras encontram-se distribuídas principalmente nos campos rupestres que se estendem de Minas Gerais à Bahia, na Cadeia do Espinhaço. Paepalanthus Mart. é o maior gênero da família e apresenta cerca de 450 espécies, sendo que Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene Ruhl. possui cerca de 20 espécies que já pertenceram a diversas categorias taxonômicas. Com o objetivo de correlacionar a anatomia e a taxonomia desta seção, além de levantar caracteres diagnósticos para suas espécies, foi estudada a anatomia de folhas, brácteas e escapos. Folhas e brácteas de Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene apresentam diferenças na forma e no espessamento das células epidérmicas; no espessamento do mesofilo; na disposição dos feixes vasculares; presença ou ausência de hipoderme; diferente forma e composição de parede das células da extensão de bainha do feixe vascular; forma e constituição da margem e presença ou ausência de parênquima aqüífero na face adaxial. No escapo, foram observadas diferenças quanto ao número e contorno de costelas e extensão da medula. Assim, a proposta de divisão de P. sect. Diphyomene em duas categorias é corroborada. São caracteres diagnósticos para as espécies: presença de parênquima aquífero na face adaxial e ausência de extensão de bainha do feixe vascular em folhas de Paepalanthus urbanianus; presença de feixes vasculares distribuídos em ordem decrescente de tamanho em direção à margem em folhas e brácteas e contorno triangular do escapo em P. flaccidus, presença de nove costelas em escapos de P. acanthophyllus e dez em P. macer. Foi elaborada uma chave de identificação das espécies de Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene com base nas características anatômicas levantadas

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The Cu-Au mine of Chapada is located in the municipality of Alto Horizonte, in the northwestern portion of Goiás state and is inserted in the geological context of the Brasilia Belt, specifically the Mara Rosa Magmatic Arc, which hosts important deposits of Au and Cu-Au. The rocks found in the study area belong mainly to the Volcano-Sedimentary Sequence of Mara Rosa and are composed of basic to acidic metavolcanic rocks, psammiticpellitic metasedimentary rocks, chemical rocks and also hydrothermal products. Late intrusions occur and are represented by pegmatitic dikes and tonalitic bodies. The ore deposit of the Chapada mine is formed predominantly by the chalcopyrite-pyritemagnetite association, where pyrite is the most abundant mineral. Through the structural mapping of the mining fronts, it was able to recognize three deformational phases (Dn, Dn +1, Dn +2). During the Dn phase, isoclinal recumbent folds were formed, in association with amphibolites facies metamorphism. Later, in phase Dn +1, there was formation of drag folds and intrafolial folds in association with retrograde metamorphism in the greenschist facies. The deformational phase Dn +2, in its turn, was responsible for late symmetrical folding of the foliation, with NS and EW axes, resulting in an interference pattern of the dome-and-basin type

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The Lavra Velha gold prospect is located in Ibitiara city, in the Espinhaço Setentrional physiographic domain, on the west edge of Chapada Diamantina – central part of Bahia. It is inserting on Gavião Block, a compartment of São Francisco Cráton (Almeida, 1977). The Lavra Velha gold dump is formed by an association of hydrothermal breccia lodged in acid and intermediate rocks, classifying in tonalite, granodiorite and diorite, with high alteration, cut off by a vein and venules system constituted by hydrothermal association composed by hematite, tourmaline, quarz and sericite, located in the north limit of Ibitiara granite. In the regional geological context the area is represented by Archaean rocks (Paramirim Complex) and Paleoproterozoic rocks (Ibitiara granitoid and Matinos Granite) constituted the basement, following by paleo to mesozoic pluton-vulcanic-sedimentary association of Rio dos Remédios Group, intruded by mafic rocks. It was used geochemistry and petrographic analysis compiling to field works data to characterize the rocks where the gold mineralization is inserting. Previously these rocks were classifying in volcanic rocks of Novo Horizonte Formation. Developing this monograph’s work the petrogenetic characteristics suggesting that these rocks called volcanic actually belong to Ibitiara granitoid as a portion more metamorphosed. The green schist is the predominant metamorphism in the area with low deformation, associated to high concentration of fluid circulating. The hydrothermal alteration is the process responsible for rocks modifications and strong sericitization generalize