Developmental biology, polymorphism and ecological aspects of Stiretrus decemguttatus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), an important predator of cassidine beetles

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Interações medicamentosas de fitoterápicos e fármacos: Hypericum perforatum e Piper methysticum

A utilização de produtos naturais na medicina popular é milenar e persiste até os dias atuais. Entretanto, a idéia de que estes produtos são isentos de toxicidade torna o uso de medicamentos fitoterápicos cada vez maior e indiscriminado. Este trabalho trata de uma revisão sobre as interações que podem ocorrer com a utilização concomitante de Hypericum perforatum L. (erva de são joão) e Piper methysticum F. (kava-kava) com fármacos, podendo levar a sérios efeitos tóxicos, incluindo a fatalidade.

Análise de crescimento e anatomia foliar da planta medicinal Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) cultivada em diferentes substratos

Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) é uma espécie herbácea que ocorre em áreas de cerrado e, por se tratar de planta medicinal, é cultivada em escala familiar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar possíveis alterações no desenvolvimento das plantas quando cultivadas em solos com texturas diferentes (solo de cerrado, franco arenoso ou solo de terra roxa, muito argiloso). Foram analisados aos 40, 70 e 90 dias, o comprimento do caule e da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea (caule e folhas) e das raízes, número de folhas e área foliar; além de parâmetros anatômicos foliares, como a densidade de tricomas. Os resultados mostraram que os comprimentos do caule e da raiz aumentaram no decorrer do experimento, independentemente do substrato (com exceção do comprimento da raiz de plantas cultivadas em solo de terra roxa). Porém, o comprimento do caule foi sempre maior nas plantas cultivadas em solo de cerrado, enquanto o comprimento da raiz foi significativamente maior somente aos 90 dias de cultivo neste solo. As biomassas secas da raiz e do caule também foram maiores nas plantas cultivadas em solo de cerrado por 70 e 90 dias, respectivamente. A massa seca foliar foi maior nas plantas cultivadas em solo de cerrado a partir dos 70 dias de experimento. Esse aumento foi devido ao maior número de folhas produzidas e a maior área foliar dessas plantas. No geral, a anatomia foliar não diferiu, porém o número de tricomas glandulares foi maior nas plantas cultivadas em solo de cerrado. Os resultados indicaram que esta espécie tem melhor desenvolvimento quando cultivada em solo mais arenoso.

Estudo farmacognóstico do caule e raízes de Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.) Sota (Polypodiaceae)

Pharmacognostic and phytochemical study of the stem and root,,of Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.) Sota. Erva silvina, or Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.), Sota belongs to the family Polylodiaceae and is traditionally used as an antiulcer agent. Previous assays showed results that confirm the antiulcer action of the ethanolic extract and some fractions of the stem of M squamulosa and results showing no significant toxicity in the acute model, both made in rats Due to the significant results obtained in this previous work, it becomes important to furnish tools to identify the vegetal drug. The species is' an epiphyte that bears lanceolate scales totally covering the long-creeping brown-colored stem. Adventicious roots can be seen in the abaxial portion of, the-stem, while the leaves appear in the adaxial portion. Elements which contribute to the histological identification are: peltate lanceolate -haired scales, sclereids, meristeles (amphicribal bundles) and scalariform the roots. Phytochemical screening, and TLC tracheids in the stem; strip hairs and sclereids in analysis showed the presence of flavonoids and tannins which may be related to the anti,ulcer the plant as well as the characterization of activity. Results shown may help the identification of the fragmented vegetal drug and if it is presented as powder or as extract.

Tectonics and paleogeography along the Amazon river

The main structural and geomorphological features along the Amazon River are closely associated with Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic events. The Mesozoic tectonic setting is characterised by the Amazonas and Marajó Basins, two distinct extensional segments. The Amazonas Basin is formed by NNE-SSW normal faults, which control the emplacement of dolerite dykes and deposition of the sedimentary pile. In the more intense tectonic phase (mid-Late Cretaceous), the depocentres were filled with fluvial sequences associated with axial drainage systems, which diverge from the Lower Tapajós Arch. During the next subsidence phase, probably in the Early Tertiary, and under low rate extension, much of the drainage systems reversed, directing the paleo-Amazon River to flow eastwards. The Marajó Basin encompasses NW-SE normal faults and NE-SW strike-slip faults, with the latter running almost parallel to the extensional axes. The normal faults controlled the deposition of thick rift and post-rift sequences and the emplacement of dolerite dykes. During the evolution of the basin, the shoulder (Gurupá Arch) became distinct, having been modelled by drainage systems strongly controlled by the trend of the strike-slip faults. The Arari Lineament, which marks the northwest boundary of the Marajó Basin, has been working as a linkage corridor between the paleo and modern Amazon River with the Atlantic Ocean. The neotectonic evolution since the Miocene comprises two sets of structural and geomorphological features. The older set (Miocene-Pliocene) encompasses two NE-trending transpressive domains and one NW-trending transtensive domain, which are linked to E-W and NE-SW right-lateral strike-slip systems. The transpressive domains display aligned hills controlled by reverse faults and folds, and are separated by large plains associated with pull-apart basins along clockwise strike-slip systems (e.g. Tupinambarana Lineament). Many changes were introduced in the landscape by the transpressive and transtensive structures, such as the blockage of major rivers, which evolved to river-lakes, transgression of the sea over a large area in the Marajó region, and uplift of long and narrow blocks that are oblique to the trend of the main channel. The younger set (Pliocene-Holocene) refers to two triple-arm systems of rift/rift/strike-slip and strike-slip/strike-slip/rift types, and two large transtensive segments, which have controlled the orientation of the modern drainage patterns. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evolução da margem atlântica equatorial do Brasil: Três fases distensivas

The extension of the Pangaea started in the Upper Triassic and evolved to uplifts, magmatism and development a triple junction during the Mesozoic, and opening the Central Atlantic Ocean. The Brazilian Equatorial Atlantic margin was formed in three Mesozoic extensional events. The first event is recorded by the Calçoene Graben of the Foz do Amazonas Basin. The second event started in the Valangian and is recognized by the enlargement of the Foz do Amazonas Basin, formation of the Marajó and Grajaú basins, and the Gurupi Graben System. The third event commenced in the Albian related to northwestward progression of the rift system, which enlarged the Foz do Amazonas and formed the Potiguar, Ceará, Barreirinhas and Pará-Maranhão basins. At the end of the Lower Cretaceous the movements attenuated in the Marajó Basin and Gurupi Graben System; the extension concentrated in the Foz do Amazonas, Pará-Maranhão and Barreirinhas basins, and evolved to continental rupture of northern South America and western Africa opening of the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean.

Evolução do rifteamento e paleogeografia da margem Atlântica Equatorial do Brasil: Triássico ao Holoceno

The Equatorial Atlantic Margin evolved from three rift systems recorded by a complex set of sedimentary basins developed since Upper Triassic to the Lower Cretaceous (Albian). The first rift system formed Foz do Amazonas Basin in Upper Triassic; the second phase formed Marajó Basin in Berriasian, a new rift in Foz do Amazonas Basin in Valanginian and Bragança-Viseu, Ilha Nova, São Luís e Barreirinhas basins in Aptian; the third phase formed Barreirinhas and Pará- Maranhão basins and a new rifting in the Foz do Amazonas Basin between the Aptian and Albian and evolved to continental break up. The main paleostress field during rift evolution was NE-SW and after the continental break up took the E-W direction, from the development of transform zones in the oceanic crust. From Miocene, South America was subjected to intraplate tectonics, which resulted in formation of E-W transcurrent faults that generated transtensive and transpressive segments that formed sedimentary basins and hills, resulting in changes in the drainage network. In Quaternary the landscape was modified by the last ice age that changed the sea level; the coastal drainage network was drowning resulting in the formation of the current line coast.

Prevalência de anticorpos anti-toxoplasma gondii em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no estado do pará

The aim was to study the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from State of Pará, Brazil. Three hundred and nineteen buffaloes were randomly selected into seven municipalities of Marajó Island. For comparative purposes, 128 buffaloes of five municipalities in the state of Pará were also evaluated. The seroprevalence of T. gondii was evaluated by Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA). The samples diagnosed as positive in iELISA were subjected to Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). We evaluated risk factors: location, breed, pregnancy and co-infection with Brucella abortus or Mycobacterium bovis. The frequency of animals positive for T. gondii in iELISA were compared by chi-square (x2) with 95% confidence. Variables with p <0.2 were subjected to logistic regression analysis; the model was built based on the odds ratios test. The prevalence of T. gondii in iELISA was 41,6% (186/447). In IFAT, 86,5% (161/186) had their positivity for T. gondii confirmed. The average prevalence in the municipalities of the Marajó Island and of the mainland was 32% (103/319) and 55% (70/128), respectively. The municipalities with the highest prevalence were Soure (53%) and Salvaterra (49%) in Marajó Island, and Castanhal (55%) and Thailândia (50%) in the Continent. The breed and co-infection with Brucella abortus or Mycobacterium bovis presented no influence on the prevalence of T. gondii. Additionally, pregnant animals were 57% more positive for T. gondii than nonpregnant animals. The presence of antibodies is an indicative of T. gondii in buffaloes in the state of Pará, and these findings represent a risk not only for farm animals, but to public health as a source of infection.

Intervalos de chuva na eficiência de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo comparativo das perdas d'água em mesocosmos colonizados ou não por Aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laubach

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Eficácia do herbicida mesotrione aplicado no sistema de cana crua

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Seletividade do herbicida saflufenacil aplicado em pós-emergência em dez variedades de cana-de-açúcar na condição de soca

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da absorção do amicarbazone e intoxicação em cana-de-açúcar e plantas daninhas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência do amicarbazone no fotossistema II de plantas daninhas e cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Velocidade de absorção do glufosinate e seus efeitos em plantas daninhas e algodão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)