Production of proteinases by psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk stored at low temperature

Raw milk samples from two different sources were stored at 2degreesC, 4degreesC and 7degreesC for 10 days and the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria, production of proteinase and proteolysis in the milks were measured during storage. Peptide analyses by the fluorescamine method and RP-HPLC were used in determination of proteolysis and proteinase activity. The average times taken for the psychrotroph counts to reach 10(7) cfu/mL at 2degreesC, 4degreesC and 7degreesC were approximately 9, 7 and 4 days, although there was considerable variation in growth rates in the different milks. There was little correlation between psychrotroph counts and either proteolysis or proteinase activity levels. At 2degreesC, no milk stored showed significant proteolysis by the fluorescamine method after 10 days' storage, but significant proteinase activity could be measured in some of these milks at 8 and 10 days. RP-HPLC analysis was a more sensitive means of detecting peptides than the fluorescamine method.

A stochastic programming approach for the development of offering strategies for a wind power producer

A stochastic programming approach is proposed in this paper for the development of offering strategies for a wind power producer. The optimization model is characterized by making the analysis of several scenarios and treating simultaneously two kinds of uncertainty: wind power and electricity market prices. The approach developed allows evaluating alternative production and offers strategies to submit to the electricity market with the ultimate goal of maximizing profits. An innovative comparative study is provided, where the imbalances are treated differently. Also, an application to two new realistic case studies is presented. Finally, conclusions are duly drawn.

Risk of Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult: a Multicentered European Study

BACKGROUND: Surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) has changed considerably during the last three decades. The results of primary repair have steadily improved, to allow treating almost all patients within the pediatric age; nonetheless an increasing population of adult patients requires surgical treatment. The objective of this study is to present the early surgical results of patients who require surgery for CHD in the adult population within a multicentered European study population. METHODS: Data relative to the hospital course of 2,012 adult patients (age > or = 18 years) who required surgical treatment for CHD from January 1, 1997 through December 31, 2004 were reviewed. Nineteen cardiothoracic centers from 13 European countries contributed to the data collection. RESULTS: Mean age at surgery was 34.4 +/- 14.53 years. Most of the operations were corrective procedures (1,509 patients, 75%), followed by reoperations (464 patients, 23.1%) and palliative procedures (39 patients, 1.9%). Six hundred forty-nine patients (32.2%) required surgical closure of an isolated ostium secundum atrial septal defect. Overall hospital mortality was 2%. Preoperative cyanosis, arrhythmias, and NYHA class III-IV, proved significant risk factors for hospital mortality. Follow-up data were available in 1,342 of 1,972 patients (68%) who were discharged home. Late deaths occurred in 6 patients (0.5%). Overall survival probability was 97% at 60 months, which is higher for corrective procedures (98.2%) if compared with reoperations (94.1%) and palliations (86.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of CHD in adult patients, in specialized cardiac units, proved quite safe, beneficial, and low-risk.

A decision support system for a waste collection vehicle routing problem

The selective collection of municipal solid waste for recycling is a very complex and expensive process, where a major issue is to perform cost-efficient waste collection routes. Despite the abundance of commercially available software for fleet management, they often lack the capability to deal properly with sequencing problems and dynamic revision of plans and schedules during process execution. Our approach to achieve better solutions for the waste collection process is to model it as a vehicle routing problem, more specifically as a team orienteering problem where capacity constraints on the vehicles are considered, as well as time windows for the waste collection points and for the vehicles. The final model is called capacitated team orienteering problem with double time windows (CTOPdTW).We developed a genetic algorithm to solve routing problems in waste collection modelled as a CTOPdTW. The results achieved suggest possible reductions of logistic costs in selective waste collection.

Importance of contact lens power and thickness in oxygen transmissibility

PURPOSE: The aim of this work was to study the central and peripheral thickness of several contact lenses (CL) with different powers and analyze how thickness variation affects CL oxygen transmissibility. METHODS: Four daily disposable and five monthly or biweekly CL were studied. The powers of each CL were: the maximum negative power of each brand; -6.00 D; -3.00 D; zero power (-0.25 D or -0.50 D), +3.00 D and +6.00 D. Central and peripheral thicknesses were measured with an electronic thickness gauge. Each lens was measured five times (central and 3mm paracentral) and the mean value was considered. Using the values of oxygen permeability given by the manufacturers and the measured thicknesses, the variation of oxygen transmissibility with lens power was determined. RESULTS: For monthly or biweekly lenses, central thickness changed between 0.061 ± 0.002 mm and 0.243 ± 0.002 mm, and peripheral thickness varied between 0.084 ± 0.002 mm and 0.231 ± 0.015 mm. Daily disposable lenses showed central values ranging between 0.056 ± 0.0016 mm and 0.205 ± 0.002 mm and peripheral values between 0.108 ± 0.05 and 0.232 ± 0.011 mm. Oxygen transmissibility (in units) of monthly or biweekly CL ranged between 39.4 ± 0.3 and 246.0 ± 14.4 and for daily disposable lenses the values range between 9.5 ± 0.5 and 178.1 ± 5.1. CONCLUSIONS: The central and peripheral thicknesses change significantly when considering the CL power and this has a significant impact on the oxygen transmissibility. Eyecare practitioners must have this fact in account when high power plus or minus lenses are fitted or when continuous wear is considered.

¿Murosafuera? locura y desmanicomialización desde el enfoque de derechos humanos. contextualización y análisis de la ley provincial nº 9848 de “protección de la salud mental” promulgada en córdoba el 5 de noviembre de 2010.

El proyecto de investigación se propone el análisis de la Ley 9848 de “Protección de Salud Mental” promulgada en la Provincia de Córdoba a fines del 2010. En ese sentido, se aborda el enfoque de derechos humanos y su contribución al nuevo paradigma de salud mental presente en esa Ley; así como también el movimiento de desmanicomialización, en cuanto anclaje teórico de la misma. Todo lo anterior con el objetivo central de revisar la currícula de la formación de grado de la carrera de psicología en la Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba, a fin de proponer las transformaciones pertinentes y la posibilidad de una presencia transversal y como contenido específico de esta Ley en ese plan de carrera; toda vez que la hipótesis de trabajo formulada anticipa su ausencia y postula que sólo mediante esta imbricación entre la nueva Ley y la currícula de los alumnos, se logrará formar profesionales capaces de comprender y actuar en base a las profundas implicancias de esta normativa en la práctica profesional de la salud pública. Para propender al cumplimiento de ese propósito, el proyecto examina las concepciones teóricas sobre los procesos de salud-enfermedad; la evolución histórica de la política social sobre salud mental en Argentina; las experiencias nacionales e internacionales de desmanicomialización, y sistematiza los aportes teóricos de Michel Foucault sobre la locura, que sirven de sustento teórico al movimiento social de desmanicomialización.

Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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The standard natural history. Ed. by John Sterling Kingsley.

v.2 [Crustacea & Insects] (1886)

The standard natural history. Ed. by John Sterling Kingsley.

v.4 [Birds] (1885)

Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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Report of the United States Geological Survey of the territories. F.V. Hayden, United States geologist in charge ... [Final reports or monographs. vol. I]-III, V-XIII.

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