Historia da fundação do imperio brazileiro

Blake, Sacramento. Diccionario bibliographico brazileiro. Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa Nacional, 1895

Memoria politica sobre a capitania de Santa Catharina, escripta no Rio de Janeiro em o anno de 1816

Tabella das produções dos tres Reinos da Natureza, que ha na capitania de Santa Catharina, escriptas por ordem alphabetica : reino vegetal, reino animal. Mappa das producções, consumo, e exportação da Capitania de Santa Catharina, no anno de 1810. Calculo aproximado das despezas da companhia, durante a primeira epocha, em conformidade do disposto nos artigos 2, 3., 4., 6., do appendice.

Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States Echinodermata: Crinoidea

The crinoid fauna of the continental margin (0-1500 m) of northeastern North America (Georgia to Canada) includes 14 species in 13 genera and 5 families. We introduce the external morphology and natural history of crinoids and include a glossary of terms, an illustrated key to local taxa, annotated systematic list, and an index. The fauna includes 2 species found no further south than New England and 8 that occur no further north than the Carolinas and Blake Plateau. Comactinia meridionalis (Agassiz) is the only species commonly found in shallow water «50 m). No taxa are endemic to the area. (PDF file contains 34 pages.)

Factos do espirito humano : philosophia

Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães, Visconde de Araguaia, nasceu no Rio de Janeiro, em 13 de agosto de 1811, e morreu em Roma, em 1822, onde, então, exercia função diplomática. Formou-se em Medicina, mas deu preferência à atividade literária e à carreira diplomática.Foi também eleito deputado à Assembleia Geral Legislativa. Seu primeiro livro, Poesias, foi publicado em 1832. Fundou a Niterói : Revista Brasiliense, com o propósito de promover a reforma romântica de nossas letras. Foi aí que publicou o Ensaio sobre a história da literatura no Brasil : discurso preliminar, verdadeiro manifesto de reforma romântica, e, ao mesmo tempo, lançou o livro de poesias Suspiros poéticos e saudades, que toda a crítica da época apontou como obra iniciadora do Romantismo no Brasil. Suas obras completas - literárias, históricas e filosóficas -, em oito tomos, foram lançadas pela Garnier, de 1864 a 1876.

A report on increasing the thrust of a turbojet engine by combustion of fuel in the tail pipe

The purpose of this work was to develop a means of increasing the thrust of a turbojet engine by burning kerosene in the tail pipe.

A combustion system was developed which gave the following results:
(l) Maximum thrust increase using a G.E. I-14 engine was 64 per cent over straight tail pipe thrust corresponding to 42 per cent increase over the normal engine thrust. This increase was accomplished at an engine rpm of 12,000.
(2) Increase of maximum thrust obtained was 51 per cent over the straight tail pipe thrust corresponding to 23 per cent over the normal engine thrust. This increase was accomplished at an engine rpm of l6,000.
(3) For the thrust increases mentioned in (1) and (2) above, increases of Specific Fuel Consumption were 66 per cent and 76 per cent respectively over normal engine SFC.

On Ultrafast Time-Domain TeraHertz Spectroscopy in the Condensed Phase: Linear Spectroscopic Measurements of Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics of Astrochemical Ice Analogs and Nonlinear TeraHertz Kerr Effect Measurements of Vibrational Quantum Beats

Much of the chemistry that affects life on planet Earth occurs in the condensed phase. The TeraHertz (THz) or far-infrared (far-IR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum (from 0.1 THz to 10 THz, 3 cm^-1 to 300 cm^-1, or 3000 μm to 30 μm) has been shown to provide unique possibilities in the study of condensed-phase processes. The goal of this work is to expand the possibilities available in the THz region and undertake new investigations of fundamental interest to chemistry. Since we are fundamentally interested in condensed-phase processes, this thesis focuses on two areas where THz spectroscopy can provide new understanding: astrochemistry and solvation science. To advance these fields, we had to develop new instrumentation that would enable the experiments necessary to answer new questions in either astrochemistry or solvation science. We first developed a new experimental setup capable of studying astrochemical ice analogs in both the TeraHertz (THz), or far-Infrared (far-IR), region (0.3 - 7.5 THz; 10 - 250 cm^-1) and the mid-IR (400 - 4000 cm^-1). The importance of astrochemical ices lies in their key role in the formation of complex organic molecules, such as amino acids and sugars in space. Thus, the instruments are capable of performing variety of spectroscopic studies that can provide especially relevant laboratory data to support astronomical observations from telescopes such as the Herschel Space Telescope, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The experimental apparatus uses a THz time-domain spectrometer, with a 1750/875 nm plasma source and a GaP detector crystal, to cover the bandwidth mentioned above with ~10 GHz (~0.3 cm^-1) resolution.

Using the above instrumentation, experimental spectra of astrochemical ice analogs of water and carbon dioxide in pure, mixed, and layered ices were collected at different temperatures under high vacuum conditions with the goal of investigating the structure of the ice. We tentatively observe a new feature in both amorphous solid water and crystalline water at 33 cm^-1 (1 THz). In addition, our studies of mixed and layered ices show how it is possible to identify the location of carbon dioxide as it segregates within the ice by observing its effect on the THz spectrum of water ice. The THz spectra of mixed and layered ices are further analyzed by fitting their spectra features to those of pure amorphous solid water and crystalline water ice to quantify the effects of temperature changes on structure. From the results of this work, it appears that THz spectroscopy is potentially well suited to study thermal transformations within the ice.

To advance the study of liquids with THz spectroscopy, we developed a new ultrafast nonlinear THz spectroscopic technique: heterodyne-detected, ultrafast THz Kerr effect (TKE) spectroscopy. We implemented a heterodyne-detection scheme into a TKE spectrometer that uses a stilbazoiumbased THz emitter, 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4-N-methyl-stilbazolium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (DSTMS), and high numerical aperture optics which generates THz electric field in excess of 300 kV/cm, in the sample. This allows us to report the first measurement of quantum beats at terahertz (THz) frequencies that result from vibrational coherences initiated by the nonlinear, dipolar interaction of a broadband, high-energy, (sub)picosecond THz pulse with the sample. Our instrument improves on both the frequency coverage, and sensitivity previously reported; it also ensures a backgroundless measurement of the THz Kerr effect in pure liquids. For liquid diiodomethane, we observe a quantum beat at 3.66 THz (122 cm^-1), in exact agreement with the fundamental transition frequency of the υ4 vibration of the molecule. This result provides new insight into dipolar vs. Raman selection rules at terahertz frequencies.

To conclude we discuss future directions for the nonlinear THz spectroscopy in the Blake lab. We report the first results from an experiment using a plasma-based THz source for nonlinear spectroscopy that has the potential to enable nonlinear THz spectra with a sub-100 fs temporal resolution, and how the optics involved in the plasma mechanism can enable THz pulse shaping. Finally, we discuss how a single-shot THz detection scheme could improve the acquisition of THz data and how such a scheme could be implemented in the Blake lab. The instruments developed herein will hopefully remain a part of the groups core competencies and serve as building blocks for the next generation of THz instrumentation that pushes the frontiers of both chemistry and the scientific enterprise as a whole.

Cerebral hemodynamics during graded Valsalva maneuvers

The Valsalva maneuver (VM) produces large and abrupt changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) that challenge cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. We examined the effect of VM intensity on middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) and cortical oxygenation responses during (phases I-III) and following (phase IV) a VM. Healthy participants (n = 20 mean +/- SD: 27 +/- 7 years) completed 30 and 90% of their maximal VM mouth pressure for 10 s (order randomized) whilst standing. Beat-to-beat MCAv, cerebral oxygenation (NIRS) and MAP across the different phases of the VM are reported as the difference from standing baseline. There were significant interaction (phase * intensity) effects for MCAv, total oxygenation index (TOI) and MAP (all P < 0.01). MCAv decreased during phases II and III (P < 0.01), with the greatest decrease during phase III (-5 +/- 8 and -19 +/- 15 cm.s(-1) for 30 and 90% VM, respectively). This pattern was also evident in TOI (phase III: -1 +/- 1 and -5 +/- 4%, both P < 0.05). Phase IV increased MCAv (22 +/- 15 and 34 +/- 23 cm.s(-1)), MAP (15 +/- 14 and 24 +/- 17 mm Hg) and TOI (5 +/- 6 and 7 +/- 5%) relative to baseline (all P < 0.05). Cerebral autoregulation, indexed, as the % MCAv/%MAP ratio, showed a phase effect only (P < 0.001), with the least regulation during phase IV (2.4 +/- 3.0 and 3.2 +/- 2.9). These data illustrate that an intense VM profoundly affects cerebral hemodynamics, with a reactive hyperemia occurring during phase IV following modest ischemia during phases II and III.