Biometric measurements of Fragilariopsis kerguelensis

The valve area of Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, the most abundant diatom species in the Southern Ocean, strongly changes in size in response to varying conditions in the surface ocean. We examined the link, both in two iron fertilization experiments and in sediment samples covering several glacial Terminations, between size variability in this species and environmental conditions across the Antarctic Polar Front, including sea ice extent, sea surface temperature, and the input of eolian dust. The iron fertilization experiments show valve area to be positively correlated with iron concentrations in ambient waters, which suggests the possibility of a causal relation between valve size of Fragilariopsis kerguelensis and ambient surface water iron concentration. Larger valves are usually found during glacial times and thus seem to be related to lower sea surface temperature and wider sea ice coverage. Moreover, our results indicate that there usually is a strong correlation between larger valve size and increased input of eolian dust to the Southern Ocean. However, this correlation, obvious for the fertilization experiments and for glacial Terminations I, II, III, and V, does not seem to be valid for Termination VI, where size appears to be inversely correlated to dust input.

(Table S2) Biometric data, time of ice breakup and carbon isotopic composition of adipose tissue of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) between 1991-2007

Two global environmental issues, climate change and contamination by persistent organic pollutants, represent major concerns for arctic ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear how these two stressors interact in the Arctic. For instance, the influence of climate-associated changes in food web structure on exposure to pollutants within arctic ecosystems is presently unknown. Here, we report on recent changes in feeding ecology (1991-2007) in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the western Hudson Bay subpopulation that have resulted in increases in the tissue concentrations of several chlorinated and brominated contaminants. Differences in timing of the annual sea ice breakup explained a significant proportion of the diet variation among years. As expected from climate change predictions, this diet change was consistent with an increase in the consumed proportions of open water-associated seal species compared to ice-associated seal species in years of earlier sea ice breakup. Our results demonstrate that climate change is a modulating influence on contaminants in this polar bear subpopulation and may pose an additional and previously unidentified threat to northern ecosystems through altered exposures to contaminants.

On the measurement of correlation with special reference to some characters of Indian corn [abstract] /

Cover title.

The gentleman and lady's key to polite literature, or, A compendious dictionary of fabulous history : containing the characters, and principal actions, ascribed to the heathen gods, goddesses, heroes, &c. and the manner in which the ancients represented the deities & heroes ... : intended for the assistance of those who would understand mythology, poetry, painting, statuary and theatrical entertainments, and particularly adapted to the use of Latin and French schools.

Frontispiece signed "Le Pautre." Engraved title-page.

A second census of Finnegans wake; an index of the characters and their roles. Rev. and expanded from the first Census.

Mode of access: Internet.

Dutchey vs. nigger; an original farce in one scene ... With the stage business , cast of characters ...

"First produced at ... Fincastle, Va., July 2d. 1886."

The letters of Philip Dormer Stanhope, earl of Chesterfield, with the characters.

The letters written by Chesterfield to his son prior to October, 1739, and a few subsequent ones are omitted in this edition. Includes five letters not printed previously.

Books & characters, French & English /

Edmons A4b.

A Discourse on the lives and characters of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams : who both died on the Fourth of July, 1826 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Foiled; or, A struggle for life and liberty. A drama, in four acts ... To which is added a description of the costumes, cast of the characters ... and the whole of the stage business.

Mode of access: Internet.

The heredity of acquired characters in plants,

Mode of access: Internet.

A judge by proxy, farce in one act ... To which is added description of the costumes, cast of the characters ... and the whole of the stage business ...

Mode of access: Internet.