Characterization of emission regimes in a 1.5 um high brightness MOPA

We present and analyze experimental results on the emission characteristics of a 1.5 ?m distributed feedback tapered master-oscillator power-amplifier in a wide range of steady-state injection conditions, showing different emission regimes under cw operation: stable single frequency emission, multi-frequency Fabry-Perot-like emission, and self-pulsation operation.

1.5 Sherman D. Scruggs, 11th President of Lincoln University, 1938-1956

The LU Board of Curators ordered its president, Sherman Scruggs, to have a law school up and running and ready for Lloyd Gaines by September 1, 1939. This task seemed insurmountable; establishing a law school on an equal par with that of MU in eight months would, in the least, be miraculous.

Gene cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of 2-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-5-carboxylic acid���oxygenase

The gene encoding 2-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-5-carboxylic acid oxygenase (MHPCO; EC 1.14.12.4) was cloned by using an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to the N terminus of the enzyme to screen a DNA library of Pseudomonas sp. MA-1. The gene encodes for a protein of 379 amino acid residues corresponding to a molecular mass of 41.7 kDa, the same as that previously estimated for MHPCO. MHPCO was expressed in Escherichia coli and found to have the same properties as the native enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. MA-1. This study shows that MHPCO is a homotetrameric protein with one flavin adenine dinucleotide bound per subunit. Sequence comparison of the enzyme with other hydroxylases reveals regions that are conserved among aromatic flavoprotein hydroxylases.

Growth factor-mediated Fyn signaling regulates ��-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor expression in rodent neocortical neurons

Src-family protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) transduce signals to regulate neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. However, the nature of their activators and molecular mechanisms underlying these neural processes are unknown. Here, we show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and platelet-derived growth factor enhance expression of ��-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor 1 and 2/3 proteins in rodent neocortical neurons via the Src-family PTK(s). The increase in AMPA receptor levels was blocked in cultured neocortical neurons by addition of a Src-family-selective PTK inhibitor. Accordingly, neocortical cultures from Fyn-knockout mice failed to respond to BDNF whereas those from wild-type mice responded. Moreover, the neocortex of young Fyn mutants exhibited a significant in vivo reduction in these AMPA receptor proteins but not in their mRNA levels. In vitro kinase assay revealed that BDNF can indeed activate the Fyn kinase: It enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of Fyn as well as that of enolase supplemented exogenously. All of these results suggest that the Src-family kinase Fyn, activated by the growth factors, plays a crucial role in modulating AMPA receptor expression during brain development.

Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Content, Assimilatory Charge, and Mesophyll Conductance in Leaves1

The content of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) (Et; EC 4.1.1.39) measured in different-aged leaves of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and other plants grown under different light intensities, varied from 2 to 75 ��mol active sites m���2. Mesophyll conductance (��) was measured under 1.5% O2, as well as postillumination CO2 uptake (assimilatory charge, a gas-exchange measure of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate pool). The dependence of �� on Et saturated at Et = 30 ��mol active sites m���2 and �� = 11 mm s���1 in high-light-grown leaves. In low-light-grown leaves the dependence tended toward saturation at similar Et but reached a �� of only 6 to 8 mm s���1. �� was proportional to the assimilatory charge, with the proportionality constant (specific carboxylation efficiency) between 0.04 and 0.075 ��m���1 s���1. Our data show that the saturation of the relationship between Et and �� is caused by three limiting components: (a) the physical diffusion resistance (a minor limitation), (b) less than full activation of Rubisco (related to Rubisco activase and the slower diffusibility of Rubisco at high protein concentrations in the stroma), and (c) chloroplast metabolites, especially 3-phosphoglyceric acid and free inorganic phosphate, which control the reaction kinetics of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylation by competitive binding to active sites.

Potent Inhibition of Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase by an Oxidized Impurity in Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate1

Oxidation of d-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (ribulose-P2) during synthesis and/or storage produces d-glycero-2,3-pentodiulose-1,5-bisphosphate (pentodiulose-P2), a potent slow, tight-binding inhibitor of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) ribulose-P2 carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Differing degrees of contamination with pentodiulose-P2 caused the decline in Rubisco activity seen during Rubisco assay time courses to vary between different preparations of ribulose-P2. With some ribulose-P2 preparations, this compound can be the dominant cause of the decline, far exceeding the significance of the catalytic by-product, d-xylulose-1,5-bisphosphate. Unlike xylulose-1,5-bisphosphate, pentodiulose-P2 did not appear to be a significant by-product of catalysis by wild-type Rubisco at saturating CO2 concentration. It was produced slowly during frozen storage of ribulose-P2, even at low pH, more rapidly in Rubisco assay buffers at room temperature, and particularly rapidly on deliberate oxidation of ribulose-P2 with Cu2+. Its formation was prevented by the exclusion of transition metals and O2. Pentodiulose-P2 was unstable and decayed to a variety of other less-inhibitory compounds, particularly in the presence of some buffers. However, it formed a tight, stable complex with carbamylated spinach Rubisco, which could be isolated by gel filtration, presumably because its structure mimics that of the enediol intermediate of Rubisco catalysis. Rubisco catalyzes the cleavage of pentodiulose-P2 by H2O2, producing P-glycolate.

A biologic function for an "orphan" messenger: D-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate selectively blocks epithelial calcium-activated chloride channels.

Inositol phosphates are a family of water-soluble intracellular signaling molecules derived from membrane inositol phospholipids. They undergo a variety of complex interconversion pathways, and their levels are dynamically regulated within the cytosol in response to a variety of agonists. Relatively little is known about the biological function of most members of this family, with the exception of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Specifically, the biological functions of inositol tetrakisphosphates are largely obscure. In this paper, we report that D-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate (D-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4) has a direct biphasic (activation/inhibition) effect on an epithelial Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel. The effect of D-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 is not mimicked by other inositol tetrakisphosphate isomers, is dependent on the prevailing calcium concentration, and is influenced when channels are phosphorylated by calmodulin kinase II. The predominant effect of D-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 on phosphorylated channels is inhibitory at levels of intracellular calcium observed in stimulated cells. Our findings indicate the biological function of a molecule hitherto considered as an "orphan" messenger. They suggest that the molecular target for D-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 is a plasma membrane Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel. Regulation of this channel by D-Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 and Ca2+ may have therapeutic implications for the disease states of both diabetic nephropathy and cystic fibrosis.

The 145-kDa protein induced to associate with Shc by multiple cytokines is an inositol tetraphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate 5-phosphatase.

A 145-kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein that becomes associated with Shc in response to multiple cytokines has been purified from the murine hemopoietic cell line B6SUtA1. Amino acid sequence data were used to clone the cDNA encoding this protein from a B6SUtA1 library. The predicted amino acid sequence encodes a unique protein containing an N-terminal src homology 2 domain, two consensus sequences that are targets for phosphotyrosine binding domains, a proline-rich region, and two motifs highly conserved among inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases. Cell lysates immunoprecipitated with antiserum to this protein exhibited both phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate polyphosphate 5-phosphatase activity. This novel signal transduction intermediate may serve to modulate both Ras and inositol signaling pathways. Based on its properties, we suggest the 145-kDa protein be called SHIP for SH2-containing inositol phosphatase.

Congreso Internacional Museos Universitarios : tradici��n y futuro : Madrid, 3, 4, 5 de diciembre de 2014

Congreso Internacional de Museos Universitarios. Los Museos y Colecciones Universitarias: Tradici��n y Futuro. 3 al 5 de diciembre de 2014. Facultad de Odontolog��a, Universidad Complutense de Madrid El Congreso fue organizado por el Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CEI), Campus de Moncloa, dentro de las l��neas de actuaci��n del Cl��ster de Patrimonio y fue financiado por el Ministerio de Educaci��n, Cultura y Deporte. Las Universidades Complutense y Polit��cnica de Madrid fueron las responsables de confeccionar el programa y llevar a cabo todos los actos y actividades. El Congreso cont�� adem��s con el respaldo del Consejo Internacional de Museos, ICOM Espa��a. A lo largo de tres d��as, personas vinculadas al patrimonio acad��mico y universitario se dieron cita para presentar sus instituciones, debatir sobre los temas propuestos, compartir puntos de vista, y proponer iniciativas. No fue el primer congreso de museos universitarios en Espa��a, pero s�� fue uno de los m��s importantes por la gran presencia de participantes, m��s de 200 asistentes, que proced��an de la mayor��a de comunidades aut��nomas. Un importante n��mero de universidades espa��olas que tiene museos o colecciones estaba representado, y destacadas universidades europeas tambi��n presentaron sus trabajos. En la mesa inaugural participaron los representantes de las Universidades organizadoras, representantes de la Comunidad de Madrid y del Ayuntamiento de Madrid y el presidente de ICOM Espa��a. Adem��s de resaltar la importancia de los museos y colecciones universitarias, los representantes de las instituciones se comprometieron a apoyar a las universidades en las tareas de investigaci��n, conservaci��n y difusi��n de su patrimonio. Las ponencias invitadas estuvieron a cargo de los representantes de las organizaciones internacionales m��s importantes relacionadas con el patrimonio universitario: el Consejo Internacional de Museos y Colecciones Universitarias (UMAC) y la Red del Patrimonio Acad��mico Europeo (UNIVERSEUM). Las comunicaciones y p��sters fueron numerosos agrup��ndose en las siguientes ��reas tem��ticas: ��� La investigaci��n en los museos y colecciones universitarias ��� La difusi��n de los museos y colecciones universitarias ��� Los proyectos de conservaci��n y restauraci��n en torno a museos y colecciones universitarias ��� Las colecciones universitarias como colecciones art��sticas ��� La gesti��n de los museos y colecciones universitarias Las mesas redondas ahondaron en las ��reas tem��ticas de las comunicaciones, centr��ndose en aspectos que hac��an referencia a los retos a los que se enfrentan las instituciones: valor, documentaci��n, gesti��n y difusi��n de los museos y colecciones. La realizaci��n de este Congreso permiti�� un extenso intercambio de experiencias y finaliz�� con la esperanza de que sirva de comienzo para dar visibilidad al patrimonio acad��mico en el contexto fundamentalmente europeo intentando, a su vez, definir cu��l es su papel en la nueva situaci��n social, pol��tica y econ��mica. Durante los tres d��as intensos se tuvo la oportunidad de darnos cuenta de las maravillas que atesoran nuestras universidades que est��n a la altura de muchas colecciones muse��sticas ���tradicionales���. En este libro se recogen las interesantes iniciativas que nos sirven de modelo y nos animan a seguir trabajando para asegurar la conservaci��n y difusi��n de tan destacado legado.

The X-ray outburst of the Galactic Centre magnetar SGR J1745���2900 during the first 1.5 year

In 2013 April a new magnetar, SGR 1745���2900, was discovered as it entered an outburst, at only 2.4 arcsec angular distance from the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A*. SGR 1745���2900 has a surface dipolar magnetic field of ���2 �� 1014 G, and it is the neutron star closest to a black hole ever observed. The new source was detected both in the radio and X-ray bands, with a peak X-ray luminosity LX ��� 5 �� 1035 erg s���1. Here we report on the long-term Chandra (25 observations) and XMM���Newton (eight observations) X-ray monitoring campaign of SGR 1745���2900 from the onset of the outburst in 2013 April until 2014 September. This unprecedented data set allows us to refine the timing properties of the source, as well as to study the outburst spectral evolution as a function of time and rotational phase. Our timing analysis confirms the increase in the spin period derivative by a factor of ���2 around 2013 June, and reveals that a further increase occurred between 2013 October 30 and 2014 February 21. We find that the period derivative changed from 6.6 �� 10���12 to 3.3 �� 10���11 s s���1 in 1.5 yr. On the other hand, this magnetar shows a slow flux decay compared to other magnetars and a rather inefficient surface cooling. In particular, starquake-induced crustal cooling models alone have difficulty in explaining the high luminosity of the source for the first ���200 d of its outburst, and additional heating of the star surface from currents flowing in a twisted magnetic bundle is probably playing an important role in the outburst evolution.

Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien, oder der enerlegenden vierfussigen Thiere und der Schlangen : Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte / Aus dem franz��sischen ��bersetzt ... von Johann Matth��us Bechstein. Bd. 1-5.

3

Testimonies of Students, Number 1-5, 1768 April

Handwritten testimonies of students regarding their actions during the rebellion. Each student's statement was numbered, and groups of statements were also assigned a number, as indicated in the list below.

Boston, Massachusetts Region, Digital Elevation Model (1:5,000), 2005 - Integer version

This raster layer represents surface elevation for the Boston Region, Massachusetts. This datalayer is a subset (covering only the Boston region) of the Massachusetts statewide digital elevation model. It was created from the digital terrain models that were produced as part of the 1:5,000 Black and White Digital Orthophoto imagery project. Cellsize is 5 meters by 5 meters. Each cell has an integer value, in meters, which represents its elevation above or below sea level.