Ocular effects of retrobulbar block with different local anesthetics in healthy dogs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Safety and efficacy of fixed-combination travoprost/timolol in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension not controlled with timolol monotherapy

To assess the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% fixed-dose combination (TRAV/TIM-FC) in patients not achieving the target IOP of ≤18 mmHg while on timolol 0.5% (TIM) monotherapy. A multicenter, prospective, open-label study (NCT01336569) was conducted in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Eligible patients were receiving TIM monotherapy with a screening/baseline IOP of 19-35 mmHg in ≥1 eye. TIM was discontinued on the baseline visit day (no washout period) and TRAV/TIM-FC was initiated and administered once daily at 8 pm for 4-6 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was mean change in IOP from TIM-treated baseline to study end, measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry. Results were analyzed by analysis of variance and paired samples t-test (5% significance). A total of 49 patients were enrolled (mean age, 63 [range, 42-82] years; 55.1% White; 73.5% women), and 45 were included in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Mean duration of treatment with TRAV/TIM-FC was 31 days. Mean ± standard deviation IOP reduction from baseline (TIM) to the follow-up visit (TRAV/TIM-FC) was -5.0±3.6 mmHg. IOP decreased significantly (P<0.0001) from baseline (22.1±2.6 mmHg) to study end (17.1±3.9 mmHg) in the ITT population, with a mean IOP reduction of 22.3%. Most patients (n=33/45; 73.3%) achieved IOP ≤18 mmHg. Two patients experienced a total of four adverse events (AEs), including a patient who reported one serious AE (enterorrhagia) that was considered unrelated to treatment, and a patient who reported one event each of drug-related redness, pruritus, and foreign body sensation. Most patients (n=47/49; 95.9%) reported no AEs. TRAV/TIM-FC lowered IOP in patients who were not at target IOP while receiving TIM monotherapy, with most patients achieving an IOP ≤18 mmHg with TRAV/TIM-FC. TRAV/TIM-FC was well tolerated in this population.

Ocular dimensions, corneal thickness, and corneal curvature in quarter horses with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Color stability of the artificial iris button in an ocular prosthesis before and after acrylic resin polymerization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protective effects of the galectin-1 protein on in vivo and in vitro models of ocular inflammation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protese ocular individualizada em resina acrílica com esfera oca

The technique proposed aims at reducing the weight of individualized ample ocular prostheses using acrylic resins as well as simplifying laboratory procedure. For that, prefabricated hollow spheres made of plastic material, were inserted in the sclera. The average weights of the solid conventional sclera (5.30g) and those of the respective prefabricated plastic ones (3.91g) were compared. The weight reduction was significative with a confidence interval of 95% by the Student t test. ln addition, for illustration purpose, the technique was applied to patients in the ward of the Maxillofacial Prostheses Dicipline of the Dentistry School in the Campus of São José dos Campos - UNESP, having each patient received a solid prosthesis and a hollow prefabricated one made of plastic material. It has been concluded that the prostheses material spheres were inserted are lighter than the ones which received solid spheres; furthermore, thr technique is viable for ample anophtalmic cavities and requires few sessions

Taxa de crescimento axial pós-operatório de olhos com catarata congênita e do desenvolvimento submetidos a facectomia com implante de lente intra-ocular

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Reabilitação estética por meio de prótese ocular a base de PMMA: relato de caso

Eye loss results on facial asymmetry compromising its aesthetics. Ocular prostheses are important to re-establish aesthetics; protect the anophthalmic cavity; recover function such as the redirection of lachrymatory liquid; and reintegrate the patient to society. The aim of this study was to describe a case report, demonstrating clinical and laboratorial procedures for confection of ocular prostheses and highlighting their advantages. A female patient was afflicted by toxoplasmosis, which led to the loss of her eye. An eye visceration was performed. The patient reported no previous use of ocular prosthesis. A PMMA ocular prosthesis was manufactured restoring patient’s aesthetic and facial contour. The patient was satisfied with the treatment. Therefore the present study has shown that PMMA ocular prosthesis is able to restore facial aesthetics and can be a safe and satisfactory alternative for patients that have lost their eyes due to toxoplasmosis.

Effect of weathering and thickness on the opacity of acrylic resin and ocular button for artificial eyes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the opacity of the polymethylmethacrylate for ocular prosthesis using an ocular button, a colorless resin for the ocular prostheses, and 4 brands of acrylic colorless resin in the function of weathering (0, 504, or 1008 h) and thickness (1 and 3.5 mm). One hundred twenty specimens were confectioned (made) and allocated into 12 groups (n = 10). Opacity analysis was carried out with a spectrophotometer of visible ultraviolet reflection before and after weathering by 504 and 1008 hours. Data for the opacity were expressed in ΔE. Data were then analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and the Tukey test (P < 0.01). The data demonstrated statistically significant differences; manufactured ocular button (ΔE = 47.4) and the resin Vipi Cril (ΔE = 38.11) presented greater and minor values of opacity, respectively. The weathering showed statistical difference among times (0 h, ΔE = 36.32; 504 h, ΔE = 39.98; and 1008 h, ΔE = 43.9). Ocular button and evaluated resins presented greater values of opacity when presented in 3.5 mm in thickness. The values of opacity increased with the progression of the time of weathering, independent of the evaluated material and the thickness.

Fabrication techniques for ocular prostheses: an overview

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mensurações do bulbo ocular e cálculo do poder dióptrico da lente intraocular em miniporcos brasileiros

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Testes oftálmicos, biometria ocular e cálculo do poder dióptrico da lente em corujas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Absence of ocular interaction in flicker ERG responses reflecting cone opponent and luminance signals

The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is an ocular interaction in the flicker ERG responses reflecting luminance and cone opponency in normal human subjects. Flicker ERGs were recorded from one dilated eye of 10 healthy volunteers. Each subject was tested twice: once with and once without occluding the opposite eye. Red and green LEDs were modulated in counterphase in a Ganzfeld stimulator. ERG responses were recorded for different ratios of the modulation in the red and green LEDs and at 12 and 36 Hz. The amplitudes and phases of the fundamental components were compared between the conditions with and without occlusion. The 12-Hz flicker ERGs reflected activity of the cone opponent channel, whereas the 36-Hz data reflected luminance activity. There were no significant differences between the conditions with and without occluding the opposite eye for any of the stimulus protocols. Ocular interaction is absent in flicker ERGs reflecting cone opponent and luminance activity.

Biometric relationships of ocular components in esotropic amblyopia

Purpose: To investigate the contribution of the individual ocular components, i.e. anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous chamber depth, to total axial length in patients with esotropic amblyopia. Methods: The study population consisted of 74 children, aged between 5 and 8 years: thirty-seven patients with esotropic amblyopia and 37 healthy volunteers (control group). The participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including cycloplegic refraction and A-scan ultrasonography. Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth and total axial length were recorded. Paired Student's t-tests were used to compare biometric measurements between amblyopic eyes and their fellow eyes and between right and left eyes in the control group. To evaluate the contribution of the ocular components to the total axial length, we report the individual components as a percentage of total axial length. Results: The comparison between amblyopic and fellow eyes regarding the individual contribution from ocular components to the total axial length revealed greater contribution from lens thickness (P=0.001) and smaller contribution from vitreous chamber depth (P=0.001) in amblyopic eyes, despite similar contribution from anterior chamber depth (P=0.434). The comparison between right and left eyes in the control group showed similar contributions from anterior chamber depth (P=0.620), lens thickness (P=0.721), and vitreous chamber depth (P=0.483). Conclusions: This study shows differences between amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes when the total axial length is broken down into the individual contribution from the ocular components.

Ocular manifestations of Noonan syndrome

Purpose: To describe the ophthalmological characteristics in a group of Noonan syndrome patients with proven mutations in the PTPN11 gene. Methods: Thirty-five Noonan syndrome patients with PTPN11 gene mutations underwent ophthalmological exams, which consisted of external inspection, slit-lamp biomicroscopy examination and an ophthalmoscopic examination after instillation of 1.0% tropicamide or 1.0% cyclopentolate. Results: All 35 patients had at least one abnormality upon ophthalmological examination. The eyelid and external eye abnormalities were the prevailing features, followed by prominent corneal nerves on slit-lamp exam. Fundus changes were detected in 8% of the subjects, mainly associated with high myopia. No statistically significant differences were observed among the patients presenting specific mutations in the PTPN11 gene. Conclusions: The current study further supports the finding that ocular symptoms account for a large fraction of the clinical manifestations of NS. Additional characteristics are described here. The roles for the various mutations of PTPN11 in ocular development are yet to be established.