VOLUMES RELIES du Cabinet des titres : recherches de noblesse, armoriaux, preuves, histoires généalogiques. « Nobiliaire de la Généralité de Bourges ».

Il y a une table alphabétique des noms en tête du volume.

The effects of arterial flow on platelet activation, thrombus growth, and stabilization.

Injury of an arterial vessel wall acutely triggers a multifaceted process of thrombus formation, which is dictated by the high-shear flow conditions in the artery. In this overview, we describe how the classical concept of arterial thrombus formation and vascular occlusion, driven by platelet activation and fibrin formation, can be extended and fine-tuned. This has become possible because of recent insight into the mechanisms of: (i) platelet-vessel wall and platelet-platelet communication, (ii) autocrine platelet activation, and (iii) platelet-coagulation interactions, in relation to blood flow dynamics. We list over 40 studies with genetically modified mice showing a role of platelet and plasma proteins in the control of thrombus stability after vascular injury. These include multiple platelet adhesive receptors and other junctional molecules, components of the ADP receptor signalling cascade to integrin activation, proteins controlling platelet shape, and autocrine activation processes, as well as multiple plasma proteins binding to platelets and proteins of the intrinsic coagulation cascade. Regulatory roles herein of the endothelium and other blood cells are recapitulated as well. Patient studies support the contribution of platelet- and coagulation activation in the regulation of thrombus stability. Analysis of the factors determining flow-dependent thrombus stabilization and embolus formation in mice will help to understand the regulation of this process in human arterial disease.

O Governo das sociedades Anónimas em Cabo Verde

Um dos grandes desafios que as organizações enfrentam actualmente é o da definição e aplicação de práticas de governabilidade empresarial que permitam atingir uma boa reputação e um crescimento sustentável e onde as expectativas dos diversos stakeholders possam ser harmonizadas. Cabo Verde é uma pequena economia aberta que foi recentemente considerado como país de rendimento médio. A sua adesão à Organização Mundial do Comércio, o estabelecimento da parceria especial com a União Europeia, o processo de privatização das empresas estatais e o interesse que tem despertado a investidores externos, justificam a implementação de padrões de governabilidade empresariais internacionais, ainda que adequados às características do país. Esta dissertação tem como objectivo caracterizar o governo das sociedades anónimas em Cabo Verde, contribuir para a compreensão e conhecimento do tema e servir de orientação para a melhoria do desempenho das empresas. Para o efeito colocámo-nos a seguinte questão: quais são as práticas de governo das sociedades anónimas em Cabo Verde? Para responder à nossa questão aplicámos um questionário a 77 empresas, o qual foi respondido por 35. As respostas obtidas permitem identificar as práticas de governo das sociedades anónimas em Cabo Verde durante o ano de 2008 e compará-las com as práticas europeias com base no relatório da Heidrick & Struggles (2007). Os resultados alcançados validam a nossa hipótese de partida de que sociedades anónimas em Cabo Verde ainda não utilizam as práticas normalmente aceites como Best Practices do Governo das Sociedades. Apesar de haver um Código das Sociedades Comerciais que procura modernizar e adequar a gestão das empresas aos desafios da globalização, a estrutura empresarial existente, constituída na sua grande maioria por pequenas e médias empresas familiares, a pequena percentagem de sociedades anónimas, o facto de não haver uma entidade com a responsabilidade de avaliar a gestão das empresas e, consequentemente, não existirem incentivos que promovam a adopção de boas práticas de „Corporate Governance podem justificar estes resultados.

Hki 19/8 1943

Kirje 19.8.1943

Revue des arthroplasties totales de la hanche et du genou infectées--à propos de 28 cas [Review of infected total arthroplasties of the hip and knee--apropos of 28 cases]

This study is a long-term analysis of a group of patients with infected arthroplasties of the hip or the knee. We identified 28 patients with an infected arthroplasty (22 hips, 6 knees) documented by bacterial culture or on direct examination. At the time of diagnosis and on follow-up (a mean of 46 months after treatment) we evaluated the clinical picture, the radiological appearances of the articulation and the biological parameters. 19/28 patients showed a typical clinical picture, whereas in 9 others the picture was more doubtful. The treatments were 14 two-stage replacements of the arthroplasties, 7 simple resections, 5 conservative treatments and 2 one-stage replacements. On follow-up, 25 patients were considered as cured of their infection and 3 as failures. From a functional viewpoint, 9 patients showed no limitation, whereas 19 were limited in the daily activity. Half of the patients had no pain. Radiology showed that 20/26 evaluated patients had no signs of recurrence. Paraclinical examinations are important in the diagnosis of persistent low grade infections, particularly the demonstration of bacteria by pre-surgical sampling (fine needle aspiration, culture from draining sinuses). In spite of the cure of infection, the functional and painful sequellae are often considerable. As a result of our experience, we recommend a two-stage surgical procedure. Only when the general condition of the patient is poor, or when the infection is not under control, would we envisage an alternative procedure (arthrodesis, girdelstone, conservative).

The determinants of pricing in pharmaceuticals: Are U.S. prices really higher than those of Canada?

This paper studies price determination in pharmaceutical markets using data for 25 countries, six years and a comprehensive list of products from the MIDAS IMS database. We show that market power and the quality of the product has a significantly positive impact of prices. The nationality of the producer appears to have a small and often insignificant impact on prices, which suggests that countries which regulates prices have relatively little power to do it in a way that advances narrow national interest. We produce a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon based on the fact that low negotiated prices in a country would have a knock-on effect in other markets, and is thus strongly resisted by producers.Another key finding is that the U.S. has prices that are not significantly higher than those of countries with similar income levels. This, together with the former observation on the effect of the nationality of producers casts doubt on the ability of countries to pursue "free-riding" regulation.