GFT projection NMR for efficient H-1/C-13 sugar spin system identification in nucleic acids

A newly implemented G-matrix Fourier transform (GFT) (4,3)D HC(C)CH experiment is presented in conjunction with (4,3)D HCCH to efficiently identify H-1/C-13 sugar spin systems in C-13 labeled nucleic acids. This experiment enables rapid collection of highly resolved relay 4D HC(C)CH spectral information, that is, shift correlations of C-13-H-1 groups separated by two carbon bonds. For RNA, (4,3)D HC(C)CH takes advantage of the comparably favorable 1'- and 3'-CH signal dispersion for complete spin system identification including 5'-CH. The (4,3)D HC(C)CH/HCCH based strategy is exemplified for the 30-nucleotide 3'-untranslated region of the pre-mRNA of human U1A protein.

Optimal control problem for the time-dependent Kirchhoff-Love plate in a domain with rough boundary

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of an optimal control problem for the time-dependent Kirchhoff-Love plate whose middle surface has a very rough boundary. We identify the limit problem which is an optimal control problem for the limit equation with a different cost functional.

Evidence of collective relaxation behavior in the reentrant phase of oxygen-rich LaMnO3

The reentrant low temperature phase of the perovskite manganite LaMnO3+delta (delta=0.22) has been investigated with ac susceptibility and dc magnetization studies. A critical examination of the memory effects in ac susceptibility leads us to the conclusion that the slow dynamics in the system is a consequence of collective relaxation processes resulting from interactions between ferromagnetic clusters, whose presence was indicated in earlier studies. Here, we postulate that the collective behavior is due to the existence of long-range (dipolar) interactions between the large ferromagnetic `superspins'. This is also confirmed by an abnormally large microscopic spin-flip time (similar to 10(-9) s) compared to a canonical spin glass. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Synthesis, structural and thermoluminescence properties of YAlO3:Dy3+ nanophosphors

Thermoluminescence properties of YAlO3:Dy3+ nanophosphor prepared by a low temperature solution combustion (SC) method using oxalyl dihydrazide as a fuel were studied and the results were compared to bulk phosphor prepared by solid state (SS) synthesis. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the orthorhombic phase of SC and SS methods. Rietveld refinement was used to estimate the cell parameters of undoped and Dy3+ doped YAlO3. Scanning electron micrographs reveal dumbbell shape particles. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of YAlO3:Dy3+ nanophosphors were studied at 293 K, 77 K and 10 K. Thermoluminescence responses of SC and SS prepared phosphor were studied using gamma irradiation in the dose range 0.1-6 kGy at a warming rate of 1 degrees C s (1) at room temperature (RT). The optimized concentrations of Dy3+ ions in YAlO3 was found to be 3 mol%. The trapping parameters (i. e. activation energy, frequency factor, order of kinetic) of all the individual peaks of the glow curves have been analysed by using Chen's method. The low fading and linear response in the wide range (0.1-1 kGy) suggests the possibility of usage of SC prepared phosphor in dosimeter applications. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Ultrastructural and hormonal changes in rat cauda epididymal spermatozoa induced by Boswellia papyrifera and Boswellia carterii

Boswellia papyrifera and Boswellia carterii diffuses smoke polluting air that adversely affects indoor environment that certainly harm human health. Therefore, this study aims at ascertaining the effect of these plants on gonadal hormones and molecular changes in rat spermatozoa. The animals were exposed to 4 g/kg body weight of B. papyrifera and B. carterii daily for 120 days along with suitable controls. Significant decreases in FSH, LH and testosterone levels were evidenced, along with a reduction of protein, sialic acid, and carnitine levels. In sperm physiology, sperm count, motility, speed decrease, whereas sperm anomalies increase. TEM observation indicates morphological changes in plasma and acrosomal membranes, cytoplasmic droplet in the tail region, vacuolated, and disorganization of the mitochondrial sheath. These findings demonstrate that B. papyrifera and B. carterii smoke affects the process of sperm formation and maturation, which indicates the detrimental effects of these plants on the reproductive system. (c) 2014 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.d

Continuous vapour adsorption cooling system with three adsorber beds

In this paper, the design of a new solar operated adsorption cooling system with two identical small and one large adsorber beds, which is capable of producing cold continuously, has been proposed. In this system, cold energy is stored in the form of refrigerant in a separate refrigerant storage tank at ambient temperature. Silica gel water is used as a working pair and system is driven by solar energy. The operating principle is described in details and its thermodynamic transient analysis is presented. Effect of COP and SCE for different adsorbent mass and adsorption/desorption time of smaller beds are discussed. Recommended mass and number of cycles of operation for smaller beds to attain continuous cooling with average COP and SCE of 0.63 and 337.5 kJ/kg, respectively are also discussed, at a generation, condenser and evaporator temperatures of 368 K, 303 K and 283 K, respectively. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The influence of reduced oxygen availability on gene expression in laboratory (H37Rv) and clinical strains (S7 and S10) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has the ability to persist within the host in a dormant stage. One important condition believed to contribute to dormancy is reduced access to oxygen known as hypoxia. However, the response of M. tuberculosis to such hypoxia condition is not fully characterized. Virtually all dormant models against tuberculosis tested in animals used laboratory strain H37Rv or Erdman strain. But major outbreaks of tuberculosis (TB) occur with the strains that have widely different genotypes and phenotypes compared to H37Rv. In this study, we used a custom oligonucleotide microarray to determine the overall transcriptional response of laboratory strain (H37Rv) and most prevalent clinical strains (S7 and S10) of M. tuberculosis from South India to hypoxia. Analysis of microarray results revealed that a total of 1161 genes were differentially regulated (>= 1.5 fold change) in H37Rv, among them 659 genes upregulated and 502 genes down regulated. Microarray data of clinical isolates showed that a total of 790 genes were differentially regulated in S7 among which 453 genes were upregulated and 337 down regulated. Interestingly, numerous genes were also differentially regulated in S10 (total 2805 genes) of which 1463 genes upregulated and 1342 genes down regulated during reduced oxygen condition (Wayne's model). One hundred and thirty-four genes were found common and upregulated among all three strains (H37Rv, S7, and S10) and can be targeted for drug/vaccine development against TB. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Meridional gradients in aerosol vertical distribution over Indian Mainland: Observations and model simulations

Multi-year observations from the network of ground-based observatories (ARFINET), established under the project `Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India' (ARFI) of Indian Space Research Organization and space-borne lidar `Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization' (CALIOP) along with simulations from the chemical transport model `Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport' (GOCART), are used to characterize the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols over the Indian landmass and its spatial structure. While the vertical distribution of aerosol extinction showed higher values close to the surface followed by a gradual decrease at increasing altitudes, a strong meridional increase is observed in the vertical spread of aerosols across the Indian region in all seasons. It emerges that the strong thermal convections cause deepening of the atmospheric boundary layer, which although reduces the aerosol concentration at lower altitudes, enhances the concentration at higher elevations by pumping up more aerosols from below and also helping the lofted particles to reach higher levels in the atmosphere. Aerosol depolarization ratios derived from CALIPSO as well as the GOCART simulations indicate the dominance of mineral dust aerosols during spring and summer and anthropogenic aerosols in winter. During summer monsoon, though heavy rainfall associated with the Indian monsoon removes large amounts of aerosols, the prevailing southwesterly winds advect more marine aerosols over to landmass (from the adjoining oceans) leading to increase in aerosol loading at lower altitudes than in spring. During spring and summer months, aerosol loading is found to be significant, even at altitudes as high as 4 km, and this is proposed to have significant impacts on the regional climate systems such as Indian monsoon. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evaluación temporal y espacial en el bosque de Pinus oocarpa Schiede y su impacto sobre la fijación de carbono en el municipio de Dipilto

El objetivo de este estudio fue a nalizar el cambio de uso de suelo durante un periodo de 18 años en las áreas de bosque de pino y su influencia en la fijación de bióxido de carbono en el Municipio de Dipilto, Nueva Segovia . Se seleccionaron 3 Fincas : San Martín, El Sarrete y Campofresco que presentaron estados de desarrollo: bosque maduro, bosque joven y bosque en regeneración. Se establecieron 9 parcelas temporales (con predominancia P. oocarpa ), utilizándose una parcela temporal para cada es tado d esarrollo. En cada estado de desarrollo se derribó un árbol tipo, se separó en tallo, ramas y follaje. La mayor par te de biomasa seca se encuentra en la finca San Martin con 99.12 Mg/ha estado en desarrollo maduro , estado en desarrollo joven con 77.70 Mg/ ha y estado en desarrollo regeneración 38.63 Mg/ha . El Factor de expansión de biomasa en San Martin 1.59 esta do en desarrollo regeneración, El Sarrete para el estado en desarrollo maduro 1 .40 y finca Campofresco 1.27 estado desarrollo joven . El total de ca rbono almacenado lo presentó San Martín para el estado en desarrollo maduro con 27.13 Mg/ha , joven 22.06 Mg/ha y estado en desarrollo regeneraci ón con 9.82 Mg/ha . El contenido de carbono en el suelo 826.89 Mg/ha regeneración, 503.96 Mg/ha Joven , 294.55 Mg/ ha maduro en San Martín de 0 a 20 cm de profundidad. En un 38.49 % de esa área se emitieron entre 0 - 15 Mg/ha . Emisiones de 26 - 30 Mg/ha se presentaron en un 17.8 1 % del área. Existe un 48.19 % del área total que fijo rangos de 26 - 30 Mg/ha y un 38. 49 % de las áreas fij aron entre 0 - 15 Mg /ha . Se encontró un balance neto positivo de 2925. 2 1 hectáreas, de las cuales 1981.25 hectáreas fijaron rangos de 26 - 30 Mg/ha, 606.06 hectáre as fijaron en un rango entre 0 - 15 Mg /ha y el rango 16 - 25 Mg/ha 337.89 hect áreas .

Utilización de la resina de neem (Azadirachta indica) como desparasitante externo en el tratamiento del tórsalo (Dermatobia hominis) en bovinos del municipio de Muy Muy, departamento de Matagalpa

El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la utilización de la Resina de Neem (Azadirachta indica)como desparasitante externo en el tratamiento del tórsalo (Dermatobia hominis)en bovinos del Municipio de Muy Muy, Departamento de Matagalpa. El Municipio de Muy Muy esta ubicado en las Coordenadas 12º45'48" de latitud Norte con 85° 37' 36" de Longitud Oeste, con una altura sobre el nivel del mar de 337.6 metros, una precipitación promedio entre 1400-1800 mm, con una temperatura promedio 24°C., La topografía del terreno en que se ubica el Municipio de MUY MUY, presenta las siguientes características: 32.1% Terrenos Plano, 41.0% Terrenos Ondulados y 26.9% Terrenos Quebrados. Y los tipos de suelos son arcillosos y rocosos. En el trabajo experimental se utilizó un diseño completamen te al azar (D.C.A) el que estuvo compuesto por un lote de 18 animales divididos en 3 grupos, cada grupo formado por 6 animales seleccionadas al azar y sometidas a tratamientos distintos Tratamiento I: Ivermectina al 1%, Tratamiento II: Resina del Neem al 5%. Tratamiento III: Resina de Neem al 10%. Para evaluar la efectividad de los distintos tratamientos se hizo conteos periódicos de tórsalos cada siete días, cuantificando la cantidad de nódulos por animal y región anatómica a los 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 días. La efectividad de todos los tratamientos se observó a partir de los 21 días después de la aplicación. Los tratamientos II y I tuvieron las mejores respuestas en el control, del tórsalo, con un porcentaje de efectividad del 91.6%, y 72.7% respectivamente y con un 62.5% para el tratamiento III. El área anatómica mas afectada fue la del miembro anterior derecho seguido del lateral derecho. Según el análisis del costo de la dosis, se puede decir que la resina de Neem es un desparasita nte económico para los productores.

Utilización de propolina en el control de la mastitis bovina en fincas del municipio de Muy Muy, departamento de Matagalpa

El estudio se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la utilización de propolina en el control de la mastitis bovina en el Municipio de Muy Muy, Departamento de Matagalpa. El Municipio de Muy Muy esta localizado geográficamente a los 12º 45' 48" latitud Norte y 85° 37' 36" Longitud Oeste, a una altitud de 337.6 msnm, con una precipitación anual entre 1400-1800 mm y temperatura promedio de 24°C. La topografía del municipio presenta las siguientes características: 32.1% terrenos plano, 41.0% terrenos ondulados y 26.9% terrenos quebrados. Y con suelos arcillosos y rocosos. 36 animales fuerón utilizados en un diseño completamente al azar (D.C.A) distribuido al eatoriam ente en tres tratamientos. Tratamiento I: Tratamiento testigo (oxitetraciclina), Tratamiento II: Solución al .1.5% de propolina. Tratamiento III: Solución al3% de propolina. Se encontró una prevalencia de mastitis en el hato de 17.46 %, (13.53 % de mastitis subclínica y 4.80 % de mastitis clínica), y el 82.54 %, resultó negativa, el cuarto más afectado fue el Anterior derecho (AD) con 10.04 % de reacción positiva. El tratamiento II alcanza una efectividad del 100 % a los 21 días y el tratamiento I a los 35 días. A través del análisis de costos, se determinó, que es económicamente factible la utilización de la propolina en el control de la mastitis.

Estudio preliminar de la utilización del ajo (Allium sativum L.) como desparasitante interno en terneros menores de un año, en el municipio de Muy Muy, Matagalpa

El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la Utilización del ajo (Allium sativum L.) como desparasitante en terneros menores de un año en la finca Buenos Aires del Municipio de Muy Muy, Departamento de Matagalpa. El Municipio de Muy Muy esta ubicado en las Coordenadas 12º 45'48" de latitud Norte con 85° 37' 36" de Longitud Oeste, con una altura sobre el nivel del mar de 337.6 metros, una precipitación promedio entre 1400-1800 mm, con una temperatura promedio 24°C. En el trabajo experimental se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar (D.C.A) el que estuvo compuesto por un lote de 15 terneros divididos en 3 grupos, cada grupo formado por 5 animales seleccionados al azar y sometidos a tratamientos distintos, aplicando una sola dosis. Tratamiento I: Ajo al 5%, Tratamiento II: Ajo al 10%. Tratamiento III: Albendazol. Los parásitos gastrointestinales encontrados nematodos fueron los siguientes: de los géneros Strongyloides spp y ,Trichostrungilus spp, el cestodes Moniezia spp y el protozoarios Coccideas spp. Tanto el genero Strongyloides spp y la Moniezi a spp se mantuvieron en niveles leves durante el tiempo, el genero Coccidea spp mantuvo los niveles de moderado hasta los 14 días y paso a los niveles abundante a partir de los 21 días, el género Ttrichostrogylus spp mantuvo los niveles de abundantes durante los 14 y 21 días. Ninguno de los tres tratamiento tuvieron efecto para los géneros Ttrichostrogylus spp y el genero Coccidea spp, pero si para los géneros Strongyloides spp y la Moniezia spp.

High rate deposition of ta-C:H using an electron cyclotron wave resonance plasma source

A compact electron cyclotron wave resonance (ECWR) source has been developed for the high rate deposition of hydrogenated tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C:H). The ECWR provides growth rates of up to 1.5 nm/s over a 4-inch diameter and an independent control of the deposition rate and ion energy. The ta-C:H was deposited using acetylene as the source gas and was characterized as having an sp3 content of up to 77%, plasmon energy of 27 eV, refractive index of 2.45, hydrogen content of about 30%, optical gap of up to 2.1 eV and RMS surface roughness of 0.04 nm. © 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

O conceito de realeza de Temístio e Amiano Marcelino : o caso do imperador Valentiniano I

Abstract: In the context of Late Antiquity, we observe the ideals of Royalty of two authors who shared the political events between the governments of Constantius II to Theodosius (337-395 AD), namely: the philosopher Themistius (317-388 AD) with his political speeches; and the military Ammianus Marcellinus (325 / 330-395 AD) with his work Res Gestae. During our study, we will seek to observe the characteristics of each author, and converge their life experiences to meet the convergent and divergent points of its concepts around the Imperial responsibilities. In the meantime, we emphasize the interactions between Romans and barbarians, very noticeable at that time; and how this process of interaction of cultures has influenced the thinking of the late-ancient writers studied here. Observing how a philosopher and a military developed such ideals in relation to the ruler: Valentinian I (364-375 AD), for that we made a more specific analysis of VI Speech of Themistius - the Brotherly Love or About humanity - and the XVI - XXX Books of Ammianus Marcellinus. Thus, in a time of great cultural socio-political effervescence, two non-Christian writers have written their work, in order to re-member your audience the importance of the virtues and both based on examples from the classical tradition.