眼镜蛇毒因子清除补体对大鼠异种心脏移植超急性排斥反应的影响

目的 探讨眼睛蛇毒因子（CVF）对血清总补体活性及对豚鼠到大鼠异种心脏移植超急性排斥反应的影响。方法 15只正常大鼠随机分成3组。按组分别一次性静脉给予20，50，100μg/kg的CVF，检测不同时间点的补体活性；在豚鼠到大鼠异位心脏移植前24h静脉给予CVF50μg/kg，观察CVF对异种心脏移植超急性排斥反应的影响。结果 在给予CVF后6h，3个剂量组的血清总补体活性均显著降低。3个组用药后均未见明显毒副反应。使用CVF的实验组，移植的异种心脏存活时间显著延长，平均达56.13h，对照组仅为0.19h(P<0.001)。病理检查结果证实实验组均未发生超急性排斥反应，仅见延迟性异种排斥反应（DXR）的病理特征。对照组均见超急性排斥反应的病理特征。且总补体活性较术前有明显下降。结论 眼镜蛇毒因子有良好的降低大鼠补体活性的作用，且副作用不明显；使用眼镜蛇毒因子可克服豚鼠到大鼠的异种心脏移植超急性排斥反应的发生。

云南发现白头鹤和白腰构鹬

1999年10月～2000年4月在对云南丽江拉市海高原湿地自然保护区的越冬水禽进行调查的过程中, 于1999年11月连续3日观察到1只白腰杓鹬(Numenius arquata)在湖边草地觅食; 1999年12月至2000年3月观察到1只国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类白头鹤 (Grus monacha) 与50余只灰鹤混群活动. 这2种鸟类均为云南鸟类种的新纪录。

冠状病毒

冠状病毒(coronavirus)是一种常见的单链、非片段化、线性、正链RNA包膜病毒，能感染脊椎动物而引起，特别 是呼吸系统疾病。此病毒可分三大类，感染不同动物，其遗传物质RNA表现出一种特殊的、有趣的、目前并不为人们 完全所知的策略完成其自身繁殖。最近，科学家发现“非典型肺炎”的病原体为一种新型的冠状病毒，表现出其特别 的基因组结构，有别于已知的典型冠状病毒，相关研究正在进行中。

Sexual behavior in a one-male unit of Rhinopithecus bieti in captivity

Data regarding the sexual behavior of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) were collected in 1998 in a one-male unit in captivity by all-occurrences sampling during the mating season. Before the present study, little was known about the sexual behavior of this species. This study showed that female solicitation is mainly expressed as "prostration plus glancing laterally" (PG) or "sitting plus head moving up and down" (HM), and male solicitation is exhibited by the "grunt bared-teeth display." The mount-to-ejaculation ratio was 5.2 on average, and single-mount ejaculations (SMEs) were observed in only 4.4% of mounts on days with at least one ejaculation. Therefore, the main copulatory pattern of this species is multiple-mount ejaculation (MME). Females initiated 72% of 18 ejaculatory mounts. Females initiated more ejaculatory mounts than non-ejaculatory ones. In general, the patterns of sexual behavior in this species are similar to those reported for other Colobines. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Hierarchical electrohydrodynamic structures for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (adv. Mater. 23/2012).

On page OP 175, U. Steiner and co-workers destabilise polymer trilayer films using an electric field to generate separated micrometre-sized core-shell pillars, which are further modified by selective polymer dissolution to yield polymer core columns surrounded by a rim and micro-volcano rim structures. When coated with gold and decorated with Raman active probes, all three structure types give rise to substantial enhancement in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Since this SERS enhancement arises from each of the isolated structures in the array, these surface patterns are an ideal platform for multiplexed SERS detection.

不同湖泊演替过程中浮游动物数量及多样性的研究

作者对长江中下游的湖北省保安湖的扁担塘、桥墩湖区、青菱湖的有草区（称南青菱湖）和无草区（称北青菱湖）及黄家湖等五个湖泊（区）浮游动物的种类组成、密度、多样性进行了研究。扁担塘常见浮游动物104种，桥墩湖107种，南青菱湖89种，北青菱湖73种，黄家湖88种，浮游动物的种类均随着水草生物量的减少而下降。浮游动物的密度均随着水草生物量的减少而增多。上述湖泊（区）浮游动物无论是种类组成还是密度均以小型的原生动物和轮虫占绝对优势。浮游动物多样性指数的变化与水草的丰度密切相关。随着湖泊水草生物量的增加，浮游动物的多