La baronesa de Wilson y las metáforas sobre América y sus mujeres, 1874-1890

¿Qué le lleva a una baronesa española de finales del siglo XIX a recorrer sola, en barco, a pie y a lomo de mula, el continente americano desde Canadá hasta la Patagonia en un viaje de más de quince años, y a escribir libros enteros sobre Hispanoamérica y las mujeres hispanoamericanas? ¿Cómo acercarnos a las concepciones de Emilia Serrano (¿1834?- 1922), una viajera católica y de pensamiento conservador? ¿Cómo comprender que esta mujer se exprese en contra de la emancipación femenina por la que abogaban sus pares anglosajonas, al tiempo que apoye la educación de la mujer, su entrada en el mun do laboral y en el debate público? A través del análisis de las metáforas utilizadas por la baronesa de Wilson para describirse a sí misma, a las mujeres latinoamericanas, a las nuevas repúblicas, etc., esta investigación busca en tender las concepciones sociales implícitas en su pensamien to y las estrategias que utiliza para buscar nuevos espacios de expresión para la mujeres republicanas, sin romper con la corriente conservadora a la que se adhiere. Serra no aprovecha el imaginario alrededor de la modernidad católica para resaltar la importancia de la mujer en el ámbito republicano y negocia estratégicamente la participación de las mujeres en ciertas ocupaciones públicas, sin con tradecir la convención social hegemónica que define a la mujer como ángel del hogar doméstico, pero sí aprovechando su potencialidad.

Quinine, mosquitoes and empire: reassembling malaria in British India, 1890-1910

The drug quinine figured as an object of enforced consumption in British India between the late 1890s and the 1910s, when the corresponding diagnostic category malaria itself was redefined as a mosquito-borne fever disease. This article details an overlapping milieu in which quinine, mosquitoes and malaria emerged as intrinsic components of shared and symbiotic histories. It combines insights from new imperial histories, constructivism in the histories of medicine and literature about non-humans in science studies to examine the ways in which histories of insects, drugs, disease and empire interacted and shaped one another. Firstly, it locates the production of historical intimacies between quinine, malaria and mosquitoes within the exigencies and apparatuses of imperial rule. In so doing, it explores the intersections between the worlds of colonial governance, medical knowledge, vernacular markets and pharmaceutical business. Secondly, it outlines ways to narrate characteristics and enabling properties of non-humans (such as quinines and mosquitoes) while retaining a constructivist critique of scientism and empire. Thirdly, it shows how empire itself was reshaped and reinforced while occasioning the proliferation of categories and entities like malaria, quinine and mosquitoes.

O corpo em evidência nas lutas dos operários gaúchos (1890-1917)

A presente tese trata de demonstrar, tomando por base o Rio Grande do Sul nos anos de 1890 à 1917, o fato dos operários terem buscado capacitar fisicamente seu corpo para os embates contra o capital, bem como o terem constituído em uma causa e uma arma da luta operária, aspectos todos estes pouco tratados ou não abordados pela historiografia. O trabalho trata, no primeiro capítulo, de algumas situações mais amplas que remetem aos contornos da industrialização no Rio Grande do Sul, à organização da produção e às condições trabalho vigentes nos estabelecimentos fabris, elementos estes que estão na base da problemática em estudo. No segundo capítulo é onde exponho o fato do corpo do operário ter se constituído em uma causa de sua luta e isto a partir dos conteúdos que animavam determinadas e importantes reivindicações operárias do estado no período. Já no capítulo seguinte exponho as circunstâncias que eu encontrei o operariado no Rio Grande do Sul buscando capacitar fisicamente seu corpo para melhor enfrentar o patronato e isto dando destaque para as lógicas que os levavam a tal empenho. No quarto e último capítulo é onde busco demonstrar, e isto considerando os métodos de luta do período – e que em boa parte ainda hoje se mantém – que o corpo do operário foi uma arma de luta operária, evidenciando, assim, que ele não foi só, como a historiografia tem apontado, um objeto de dominação e exploração do capital, mas também o avesso disso.

Guiando almas femininas: a educação protestante da mulher em impressos confessionais no Brasil e em Portugal (1890-1930)

This paper treats confessional printings as a non formal space for the female education. It reflects on the importance of the woman s role to the diffusion of Protestantism in general, and its Presbyterian trend in particular, besides commenting on the proliferation of printings at the First Republic and its relation with education. In this study, Brazilian Northeastern is seen as a relevant space to the diffusion of Protestantism in Brazil; especially on what concerns the relations between Rio Grande do Norte and Pernambuco. Thereby some fountains were fundamental, as the confessional printings, that is, newspapers, magazines, prospects and other materials recollected in archives located in Natal/RN and Recife/PE, and São Paulo. It was also provided a brief incursion on Portuguese confessional printings kept in Oporto, PT. New Cultural History was chosen as theoretic-methodological guide, franchising ways inside the history of book and reading with the help of concepts like Interdependence, Social Configuration (ELIAS, 1993, 1994) and Representation (CHARTIER, 1990), considering that the survey worked out culture-manufactured products that is, intentional materials. It is well known that publishing, or better, the dissemination of printed material used to be associated to Protestants missionary practices since Reform began and, as what concerns the investigated period, in Portuguese and Brazilian lands indistinctly. Printing material in general books, booklets, fragments, as well as the press itself played a central role in divulging reformed ideas, their social options and the means of being and intervening in the world. In this regard, the confessional printings established themselves as an educative, although non schooled, informal space, but, all considered, relevant, seen that they dialogue with another important demand of that social group: formal, literate education. Because it dealt with the diffusion of a printed culture supported by the written word, it required of that group a different modus operandi: formal education. The first letters schools at first, then the high schools later represented spaces established for the circulation of printing material in order that they should be read, divulged and comprehended. This survey intends at last to take a look at Protestantism which, in this context of self-affirmation, reserved a specific place to woman by working out a non formal educational proposal disseminated by printing material. Three models were highlighted in the reformed proposal: Christian education in itself, household education, whose references of motherhood and care towards the neighbor were present and, at last, education to the public space, with emphasis on the practice of teaching. This study also offers a brief dialogue between Brazil and Portugal because, when some periodic printing, book or something like that got to be published in one margin of the Atlantic Ocean, the other margin surely was affected by that feat, received it, divulged it, corroborating the argument in support of the circulation of these printings. It was not only the same language that survived in both maritime coasts; some protestant specificities also crossed out along that sea

A prelude of a 'little army'? São Paulo police force in the early years of the Republic (1890-1895)

This article analyzes the creation and development of the São Paulo police force during the early years of the republican regime. In a period of political change and turbulence, institutional upheaval (uprising of the Navy and federalist revolution), and social pressure, São Paulo's police force played an important role. As the state sought to organize the public sphere, the police force became a tool in the new government's hands. A more martial set of demands mobilized a large portion of the troops on behalf of the federal government against the Custodio de Mello uprising, and sought to defend São Paulo's borders. Despite official discourse that fomented a militarized response, São Paulo's police force found itself unable to dismiss old personnel and practices and dislodge entrenched interests.

A reestruturação do território da região fumageira de Alagoas (1890-2013)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fragmentos de um modelo: pequenas lavouras de café e acumulação de capitais. Franca/São Paulo 1890-1914

Este artigo versa sobre a importância da pequena cafeicultura no complexo cafeeiro entre 1890 e 1914. Discutimos aqui as relações de trabalho, as formas de financiamento e o modo como a pequena propriedade se insere neste universo. Utilizamos como fontes prioritárias os contratos de trabalho que envolviam a formação e/ou o trato de cafeeiros e as escrituras de dívidas hipotecárias, ambas lavradas nos Livros Cartoriais, fontes estas ainda não trabalhadas pela historiografia de forma mais sistemática. Desviamos nosso olhar para uma região marcada predominantemente pelas pequenas e médias fazendas produtoras de café, observando a dinâmica da acumulação em um período de expansão e de crise da cafeicultura.

Significado paleobiológico de agrupamentos (coloniais/ gregários) de Conularia quichua Ulrich, 1890 (Cnidaria), Formação Ponta Grossa, Devoniano (Pragiano-Emsiano), Bacia do Paraná, Brasil

The Conularia beds of the Ponta Grossa Formation (Devonian) of the Paraná Basin, southern Brazil, yield well-preserved specimens of Conularia quichua Ulrich and Paraconularia africana Sharpe. Many of these are preserved in life orientation. Also, one of the C. quichua specimens has five faces instead of four, providing additional evidence of a cnidarian affinity for conulariids. Conulariids occur in the Jaguariaíva Member (or Sequence B, transgressive system tract) containing several obrution deposits beneath marine flooding surfaces. Taphonomic data obtained from these beds show conclusively that both C. quichua and P. africana were epibenthic, sessile invertebrates originally oriented with their long axis perpendicular to the bottom and with their aperture opening upward. Of the 136 C. quichua specimens examined here, 125 occur isolated. Eleven of the C. quichua specimens collectively occur in five discrete clusters consisting of two or three specimens. All of the clustered specimens are fully inflated (exhibiting a rectangular transverse cross section) or slightly compressed longitudinally. In all of these specimens the apex is missing, and thus the problem of whether the clusters were clonal colonies or formed through preferential larval settlement cannot be resolved conclusively. However, in the single cluster consisting of three specimens, the specimens are oriented perpendicular to bedding, and thus they do not converge adapically. The three specimens are in contact with each other along the upper portion of their median region. These and the lack of any evidence of a sheet of budding stolons, suggest that this cluster was formed by preferential larval settlement. © Asociación Paleontológica Argentina.