Study on a carbosilane liquid crystalline (LC) dendrimer of the first generation - Containing twelve 4-butoxyazobenzene mesogenic groups in periphery

The divergent synthesis of a new carbosilane liquid-crystalline (LC) dendrimer of the first generation (D1) is described. Twelve 4-butoxyazobenzene groups are used as mesogenic fragments and attached in the periphery of the molecule. Structure and properties of D1 were characterized by element analysis, H-1 NMR, MALDI-TOF-MS, IR, UV-Vis, polarizing optical micrograph, DSC and WAXD. It is argued that mesophase of nematic type is realized. It is shown that the mesophase type of the dendrimer essentially depends on the chemical nature of the mesogenic groups. Phase behavior of D1 is K82N1331132N67K. The melting point of D1 is 30similar to43 degreesC lower than that of M5, its clearing temperature is 9 similar to 11 degreesC higher than that of M5 and its mesophase region is enlarged by 39 similar to 54 degreesC compared to that of M5. Eight extinguished brushes emanating from a stationary point are observed, corresponding to the high-strength disclination of S = + 2 of dendrimer. The clearing enthalpy of D1 is smaller than the value that is commonly found for phase transition n-i in LC and LC polymers. This may be due to the presence of branched dendrimer cores which cannot be easily deformed to fit into the anisotropic LC phase structure.

Synthesis of the first mono(cyclopentadienyl)lanthanide Schiff base complex bearing C-2-symmetric tetradentate ligand: crystal structure of [(eta(5)-C5H5)Yb(mu-OC20H20N2O)](2)(mu-THF)(THF)

Reaction of YbCl3 with 3 equimolar CpNa (Cp = cyclopentadienide) in THF, followed by treatment with trans-(+/-)-N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine led to the isolation of first mono(cyclopentadienyl) lanthanide Schiff base complex, [(eta(5)-C5H5)Yb(mu-OC20H20N2O)](2) (mu-THF)(THF) (1). The molecular structure of 1 shows that it is a dimer in which the two [(eta(5)-C5H5)Yb(mu-OC20H20N2O)] units connecting via a bridging THF oxygen and two bridging oxygen atoms from Schiff base ligands. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A.

Effect of crystal-disrupting chlorohydroquinone on the first-order transitions of poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing biphenyl units

The novel poly(aryl ether ketone)s were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone with 4,4'-biphenyldiol and chlorohydroquinone. As expected, the copolymers have lower melting transitions than the biphenyldiol-based homopoly(aryl ether ketone) because of the copolymerization effect of the crystal-disrupting monomer chlorohydroquinone. Copolymers containing 50 and 70% biphenyldiol show two first-order transitions which are associated with the crystal-to-liquid crystal transition and the liquid crystal-to-isotropic transition.

Induction of triploidy in large yellow crocker Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson, 1846): effects of pressure shocks and growth performance in the first rearing year

The precociously sexual maturation in large yellow crocker Pseudosciaena crocea has become a serious problem. In an attempt to solve this problem, the production of sterile triploids could be an effective strategy. In this study, triploid P. crocea was obtained by subjecting fertilized eggs to pressure shock. Flow-cytometry analysis was used to assess ploidy level. In terms of triploid rate and hatching rate, the optimal conditions of pressure shock for triploidy induction in P. crocea were 7500 psi for 3 min shock at 3 min after fertilization at 20 degrees C. With the application of these parameters, 100% triploid fish were produced. During the first rearing year, triploid P. crocea had a similar growth performance compared with its diploid counterpart before the age of 8 months and showed a significant advantage at the age of 10 and 12 months in body weight and body length (P < 0.05). At the age of 12 months, the carcass weight of triploids was markedly higher than that of diploid control, and gonadal somatic index was significantly lower than that of their diploid control. During the first rearing year, survival in triploid group was 76.44%, inferior to its diploid control (83.21%).

Complete mitochondrial genome of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea): The first representative from the subclass Aspidochirotacea with the echinoderm ground pattern

Complete mitochondrial genome plays an important role in the accurate revelation of phylogenetic relationships among metazoans. Here we present the complete mitochondrial genome sequence from a sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), which is the first representative from the subclass Aspidochirotacea. The mitochondrial genome of A. japonicus is 16,096 bp in length. The heavy strand consists of 31.8% A, 20.2% C, 17.9% G, and 30.1% T bases (AT skew = 0.027: GC skew = 0.062). It contains thirteen protein-coding genes (PCGs), twenty-two transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes. There are a total of 3793 codons in all thirteen mitochondrial PCGs, excluding incomplete termination codons. The most frequently used amino acid is Leu (15.77%), followed by Set (9.73%), Met (8.62%), Phe (7.94%), and Ala (7.28%). Intergenetic regions in the mitochondrial genome of A. japonicus are 839 bp in total, with three relatively large regions of Unassigned Sequences (UAS) greater than 100 bp. The gene order of A. japonicus is identical to that observed in the five studied sea urchins, which confirms that the gene order shared by the two classes (Holothuroidea and Echinoidea) is a ground pattern of echinoderm mitochondrial genomes. Bayesian tree based on the cob gene supports the following relationship: (outgroup, (Crinoids, (Asteroids, Ophiuroids, (Echinoids, Holothuroids)))). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The first molluscan TCTP in Venerupis philippinarum: Molecular cloning and expression analysis

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is one of the abundant and ubiquitously expressed proteins in metazoans In the present study, the first molluscan TCTP (denoted as VpTCTP) was identified from Venerupis philippinarum haemocytes by EST and RACE approaches The full-length cDNA of VpTCTP consisted of 1148 nucleotides with an open-reading frame of 555 bp encoding 184 amino acids The deduced amino acid sequence of VpTCTP shared high similarity with TCTPs from other species, indicating that VpTCTP should be a new member of TCTP family Several highly conserved motifs, including 5'terminal ologopyrimidine (5'TOP) starting sequence and rich AU and AUUT elements in 3'UTR, were also identified in VpTCTP The tissue and temporal expression of VpTCTP after Vi boo anguillarum challenge was recorded by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. VpTCTP transcript could be detected in all examined tissues with the highest expression level in haemocytes and the lowest in hepatopancreas Concerning the time-course expression in haemocytes, the relative expression of VpTCTP mRNA was down-regulated sharply from 6 h to 12 h post-infection. Then, the expression level was obviously up-regulated and reached 3.4-fold to that in the control group at 48 h post challenge As time progressed, the expression of VpTCTP recovered to the original level at 96 h. All these results indicated that VpTCTP was an acute-phase protein involved in the Immune response of V philippinarum (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Proceedings of the First PHANToM User's Group Workshop

These proceedings summarize the results of the First PHANToM User's Group Workshop held September 27-30, 1996 MIT. The goal of the workshop was to bring together a group of active users of the PHANToM Haptic Interface to discuss the scientific and engineering challenges involved in bringing haptics into widespread use, and to explore the future possibilities of this exciting technology. With over 50 attendees and 25 presentations the workshop provided the first large forum for users of a common haptic interface to share results and engage in collaborative discussions. Short papers from the presenters are contained herein and address the following topics: Research Effort Overviews, Displays and Effects, Applications in Teleoperation and Training, Tools for Simulated Worlds and, Data Visualization.

Program: a record of the first 40 years of electronic library and information systems

Tedd, L.(2006). Program: a record of the first 40 years of electronic library and information systems. Program: electronic library and information systems,40(1), 11-26.

France and the Problems of Security and Disarmament after the First World War

Jackson, Peter, 'France and the Problems of Security and Disarmament after the First World War', Journal of Strategic Studies (2006) 29(2) pp.247-280 Special Issue: Enforcing arms limits: Germany post 1919; Iraq post 1991 RAE2008

Labour and the Bomb: The First Eighty Years

Scott, L. (2006). Labour and the Bomb: The First Eighty Years. International Affairs. 82(4), pp.685-700 RAE2008

Coming conflicts for liberty : a Thanksgiving sermon, preached November 30th, 1899, at a Union service in the First Baptist Church of Fall River, Mass.

The print copy of this sermon is held by Pitts Theology Library. The Pitts Theology Library's digital copy was produced as part of the ATLA/ATS Cooperative Digital Resources Initiative (CDRI), funded by the Luce Foundation. Reproduction note: Electronic reproduction. Atlanta, Georgia : Pitts Theology Library, Emory University, 2003. (Thanksgiving Day Sermons, ATLA Cooperative Digital Resources Initiative, CDRI). Joint CDRI project by: Andover-Harvard Library (Harvard Divinity School), Pitts Theology Library (Emory University), and Princeton Theological Seminary Libraries.

Memorial volume of the first fifty years of the American board of commissioners for foreign missions.

http://www.archive.org/details/memorialvolumeof00andeuoft